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The National Debt: Who Bears Its Burden?
This report discusses the burden of a national debt and who bears that burden, which is a matter of Congressional concern since the gross national debt of the United States stands at some $5.5 trillion dollars.
Date:
April 7, 2000
Creator:
Makinen, Gail E.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The National Debt: Who Bears Its Burden?
This report discusses the burden of a national debt, the view among economists, the federal budget deficits, and the financial burden that future generations will inherit, a larger privately owned capital stock and a higher level of income.
Date:
April 7, 2000
Creator:
Makinen, Gail
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Social Security Reform: Bills in the 106th Congress
The Social Security system is projected to have long-range funding problems. Although the system’s income currently exceeds its expenditures, its trust funds are projected to be depleted in 2037. Concern about the problem and a belief that the remedy lies partly in economic growth that could be bolstered by changes to the system have led to introduction of a number of bills incorporating varying degrees of reform. This report describes the funding problem in some detail, summarizes many of the reform bills introduced in the 106th Congress, and provides a list of other related CRS reports.
Date:
April 11, 2000
Creator:
Koitz, David S.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Global Climate Change: A Survey of Scientific Research and Policy Reports
This report is intended to guide the reader through U.S. global climate change policy from the passage of the National Climate Program Act of 1978 (P.L. 95-367) through the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, where the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC) was opened for signatures. It offers a summary of scientific research on global climate change and related U.S. policy and identifies what many consider to be important milestones in the international policy debate on global climate change.
Date:
April 13, 2000
Creator:
Morrissey, Wayne A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
START II Debate in the Russian Duma: Issues and Prospects
The Russian Duma, the lower house of the Russian Parliament approved ratification of the START II Treaty on April 14, 2000, after 7 years of debate and dissension. (The United States Senate approved ratification of the treaty in January 1996.) This report describes key concerns raised by Members of the Duma during their discussions of START II. These include concerns with treaty provisions, such as its ban on multiple warhead ICBMs and its warhead "downloading" provisions, and concerns with Russia's ability to maintain and finance its strategic nuclear forces in the future.
Date:
April 17, 2000
Creator:
Woolf, Amy F.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Forest Service Receipt-Sharing Payments: Proposals for Change
In lieu of property taxes, the Forest Service generally shares 25% of receipts from the sale, lease, rental, or other use of the national forests to the states for use on roads and schools in the counties where the national forests are located. This report discusses concerns about the equity and stability of Forest Service receipt-sharing payments, especially with the decline in timber sales over the past decade, and about the incentives of the current system.
Date:
April 26, 2000
Creator:
Gorte, Ross W.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Global Climate Change: Market-Based Strategies to Reduce Greenhouse Gases
This report discusses global climate change and the possibility that human activities are releasing gases, including carbon dioxide (CO2), at rates that could affect global climate change.
Date:
April 4, 2001
Creator:
Parker, Larry
System:
The UNT Digital Library
House Rules Manual: Summary of Contents
This report briefly discusses The House Rules and Manual, officially titled Constitution, Jefferson’s Manual and Rules of the House of Representatives, which contains the fundamental source material describing procedures in the House of Representatives.
Date:
April 5, 2001
Creator:
Schneider, Judy
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Agriculture: Previewing the 2002 Farm Bill
This report discusses what a farm bill is and the process of renewing one every year. This report specifically covers the farm bill for 2002 and the issues that come with it. Moreover, the report highlights the importance of exports within the U.S. agricultural economy and how this is a key interest in the renewal of farm bills.
Date:
April 9, 2001
Creator:
Becker, Geoffrey S.; Chite, Ralph M.; Jones, Jean Y.; Rawson, Jean M.; Womach, Jasper; Zinn, Jeffrey A. et al.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Air Quality and Emissions Trading: A Primer
This report briefly discusses the extent to which emissions trading has been used in the United States, explains how trading programs work, analyzes factors that can influence the effectiveness of trading, and examines some of the principal arguments related to the use of trading to control air pollution.
Date:
April 16, 2001
Creator:
Bearden, David M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Foot and Mouth Disease: A Threat to U.S. Agriculture
An outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) among livestock in the United Kingdom and parts of Europe that began in February 2001 has raised concerns about the United States’ ability to prevent the disease from spreading to this country and readiness to eradicate it should an outbreak occur. This report describes the characteristics of the FMD virus and disease, the current measures the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) is taking to prevent its importation, and the authorities USDA has to act to eradicate an outbreak. The FMD threat also raises issues concerning the adequacy of funding for disease exclusion and research, the availability of vaccines, and USDA’s authority to move preemptively against a potential outbreak, among other things.
Date:
April 16, 2001
Creator:
Segarra, Alejandro E. & Rawson, Jean M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program: How are State Allotments Determined?
This report discusses the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP), which is a block grant program under which the federal government provides states annual grants to operate multi-component home energy assistance programs for needy households.
Date:
April 17, 2001
Creator:
Abbey, Craig W.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP)
This report provides background on the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance program (LIHEAP), originally established in 1981 by Title XXVI of P.L. 97-35 and reauthorized several times. It is a block grant program under which the federal government gives states, the District of Columbia, U.S. territories and commonwealths, and Indian tribal organizations (referred to as grantees) annual grants to operate multi-component home energy assistance programs for needy households.
Date:
April 18, 2001
Creator:
Gish, Melinda
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Automated Teller Machine (ATM) Fees: Legislation and Issues
This report discusses the fees associated with automated teller machines (ATMs) that was increased as a result of a 1996 Visa U.S.A. and MasterCard International decision.
Date:
April 19, 2001
Creator:
Smale, Pauline
System:
The UNT Digital Library
House and Senate Rules of Procedure: A Comparison
This report compares selected House and Senate rules of procedure for various stages of the legislative process: referral of legislation to committees; scheduling and calling up measures; and floor consideration.
Date:
April 19, 2001
Creator:
Schneider, Judy
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Campaign Finance Bills in the 107th Congress: House
This report summarizes each House bill offered in the 107th Congress, arranged in both numerical order and by major issue addressed, with any legislative action shown.The provisions of these bills are grouped into 15 categories, based on type on issue addressed.
Date:
April 24, 2001
Creator:
Cantor, Joseph E.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
World Heritage Convention and U.S. National Parks
This report describes the operation of the UNESCO Convention and will be updated periodically. The World Heritage Fund provides technical assistance to countries requesting help in protecting World Heritage sites.
Date:
April 24, 2001
Creator:
McHugh, Lois B.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Electronic Commerce: An Introduction
None
Date:
April 1, 2002
Creator:
McLoughlin, Glenn J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Hoffman Plastic Compounds v. NLRB and Backpay Awards to Undocumented Aliens
This report discusses the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in Hoffman Plastic Compounds v. NLRB, a case involving whether backpay may be awarded to an undocumented alien because his employer violated the National Labor Relations Act.
Date:
April 3, 2002
Creator:
Shimabukuro, Jon O.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Civic Programs in Washington, D.C.
This report highlights six of the most pupular programs among a number of programs in Washington D.C., explain the workings of the national government to a diverse range of Americans, from middle school to senior citizens.
Date:
April 8, 2002
Creator:
Greenfield, Susan W.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Air Quality Standards: The Decisionmaking Process
This report discusses how the decisions made by the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in July 1997 impacted the process by which decisions are made by the agency. The new standards were subject to litigation, oversight hearings, and a Supreme Court ruling. Moreover, issues concerning implementation of the proposed air quality standards were raised.
Date:
April 9, 2002
Creator:
Blodgett, John E. & Parker, Larry B.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation
This report provides background on the purpose, structure, and other aspects of the new Institute for Security Cooperation.
Date:
April 10, 2002
Creator:
Grimmett, Richard F.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
2001 Tax Cut: Description, Analysis, and Background
A major tax cut, H.R. 1836, was enacted in June 2001, but contained sunsetted provisions. The House will consider, the week of April 15, making those tax provisions permanent. This report summarizes the provisions of the bill, analyzes effects, and considers the development of the legislation.
Date:
April 12, 2002
Creator:
Brumbaugh, David L.; Gravelle, Jane G.; Maguire, Steven; Talley, Louis Alan & Lyke, Bob
System:
The UNT Digital Library
FY2003 Budget and Related Documents: Internet Access and GPO Availability
In February, the President submits to Congress a series of budget volumes which contain the President’s budget proposalsforthe upcoming fiscal year, historical data, and analytical supplements. Early in the year, the Economic Report of the President is released by the Council of Economic Advisors, and the Congressional Budget Office issues its publications, Budget and Economic Outlook and Analysis of the President’s Budget. Neither CRS nor the Library of Congress can provide giveaway copies of these documents. This report provides brief descriptions, together with Internet addresses and Government Printing Office (GPO) stock numbers and prices for these documents. Information is also provided on how to find locations of government depository libraries, which can provide both printed copies for reference use and Internet access.
Date:
April 12, 2002
Creator:
Murray, Justin
System:
The UNT Digital Library