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The BNL ASTD Field Lab - Near - Real - Time Characterization of BNL Stockpiled Soils to Accelerate Completion of the EM Chemical Holes Project (open access)

The BNL ASTD Field Lab - Near - Real - Time Characterization of BNL Stockpiled Soils to Accelerate Completion of the EM Chemical Holes Project

As of October 2001, approximately 7,000 yd{sup 3} of stockpiled soil remained at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) after the remediation of the BNL Chemical/Animal/Glass Pits disposal area. The soils were originally contaminated with radioactive materials and heavy metals, depending on what materials had been interred in the pits, and how the pits were excavated. During the 1997 removal action, the more hazardous/radioactive materials were segregated, along with, chemical liquids and solids, animal carcasses, intact gas cylinders, and a large quantity of metal and glass debris. Nearly all of these materials have been disposed of. In order to ensure that all debris was removed and to characterize the large quantity of heterogeneous soil, BNL initiated an extended sorting, segregation, and characterization project directed at the remaining soil stockpiles. The project was co-funded by the Department of Energy Environmental Management Office (DOE EM) through the BNL Environmental Restoration program and through the DOE EM Office of Science and Technology Accelerated Site Technology Deployment (ASTD) program. The focus was to remove any non-conforming items, and to assure that mercury and radioactive contaminant levels were within acceptable limits for disposal as low-level radioactive waste. Soils with mercury concentrations above allowable levels would be separated …
Date: April 1, 2003
Creator: Bowerman, B. S.; Adams, J. W.; Heiser, J.; Kalb, P. D. & Lockwood, A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Boerne Star (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 97, No. 25, Ed. 1 Tuesday, April 1, 2003 (open access)

The Boerne Star (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 97, No. 25, Ed. 1 Tuesday, April 1, 2003

Semiweekly newspaper from Boerne, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: April 1, 2003
Creator: Cartwright, Brian & Collins, Valerie
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Border Business Indicators, Volume 27, Number 4, April 2003 (open access)

Border Business Indicators, Volume 27, Number 4, April 2003

Monthly publication documenting statistics related to economic information in the Mexico-Texas border areas including types of border crossings, employment, customs revenues, and other related data.
Date: April 2003
Creator: Texas Center for Border Economic and Enterprise Development
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Portal to Texas History
Bosnia: U.S. Military Operations (open access)

Bosnia: U.S. Military Operations

This report outlines U.S. military operations in Bosnia and discusses issues such as U.S. and Allied Participation in Bosnia Peacekeeping (IFOR/SFOR), duration, cost, arms control and military assistance. This report also includes most recent development, background analysis, and legislation.
Date: April 1, 2003
Creator: Bowman, Steven R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Brady Standard-Herald and Heart O' Texas News (Brady, Tex.), Ed. 1 Tuesday, April 1, 2003 (open access)

Brady Standard-Herald and Heart O' Texas News (Brady, Tex.), Ed. 1 Tuesday, April 1, 2003

Semiweekly newspaper from Brady, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: April 1, 2003
Creator: Stewart, James E.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Building a Bridge to the Ethanol Industry--Follow-up Project: Period of Performance; February 22, 2001- December 31, 2002 (open access)

Building a Bridge to the Ethanol Industry--Follow-up Project: Period of Performance; February 22, 2001- December 31, 2002

Subcontract report summarizing results of a trial of a corn fiber pretreatment process. The results of the trial showed that the carbohydrates in the pretreated liquid and solid streams are readily hydrolyzed by enzymes and easily fermentable to ethanol by yeast.
Date: April 1, 2003
Creator: Ladisch, M.; Mosier, N.; Welch, G. & Dien, B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
BUILDING TRIBAL CAPABILITIES IN ENERGY RESOURCE TRIBES (open access)

BUILDING TRIBAL CAPABILITIES IN ENERGY RESOURCE TRIBES

The CERT Tribal Internship Program is part of the education and training opportunities provided by CERT to accelerate the development of American Indian technical professionals available to serve Tribes and expand the pool of these professionals. Tribes are severely impacted by the inadequate number of Indian professionals available to serve and facilitate Tribal participation and support of the energy future of Tribes,and subsequently the energy future of the nation. By providing interns with hands-on work experience in their field of study two goals are accomplished: (1) the intern is provided opportunities for professional enhancement; and (2) The pool of Indian professionals available to meet the needs of Tribal government and Tribal communities in general is increased. As of January 17, 2003, Lance M Wyatt successfully completed his internship with the Interagency Working Group on Environmental Justice on the Task Force that specifically focuses their work on Tribal nations. While working as an intern with the National Transportation Program, Albuquerque operations, Jacqueline Agnew received an offer to work for the Alaska Native Health Board in Anchorage, Alaska. This was an opportunity that Ms. Agnew did not feel she could afford to forego and she left her internship position in February 2003. …
Date: April 1, 2003
Creator: Lopez, Mary
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
California's Electricity System of the Future Scenario Analysis in Support of Public-Interest Transmission System R&A Planning (open access)

California's Electricity System of the Future Scenario Analysis in Support of Public-Interest Transmission System R&A Planning

The California Energy Commission directed the Consortium for Electric Reliability Technology Solutions to analyze possible future scenarios for the California electricity system and assess transmission research and development (R&D) needs, with special emphasis on prioritizing public-interest R&D needs, using criteria developed by the Energy Commission. The scenarios analyzed in this report are not predictions, nor do they express policy preferences of the project participants or the Energy Commission. The public-interest R&D needs that are identified as a result of the analysis are one input that will be considered by the Energy Commission's Public Interest Energy Research staff in preparing a transmission R&D plan.
Date: April 1, 2003
Creator: Eto, Joseph & Stovall, John P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
CAPTURE AND USE OF COAL MINE VENTILATION AIR METHANE (open access)

CAPTURE AND USE OF COAL MINE VENTILATION AIR METHANE

This is the first semi-annual Technical Progress report under the subject agreement. During the first six months of the project the following items were accomplished: (1) the major subcontract with MEGTEC Systems was signed, (2) an exemption for a Plan Approval/Operating Permit from the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection was obtained, and (3) a 101(c) Petition for Modification of Application of Mandatory Safety Standard was filed with the Mine Safety and Health Administration. These aspects of the project, as well as progress on public communications are discussed in detail in this report.
Date: April 1, 2003
Creator: Kosmack, Deborah A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Cat's Claw (Archer City, Tex.), Vol. 57, No. 4, Ed. 1 Tuesday, April 1, 2003 (open access)

Cat's Claw (Archer City, Tex.), Vol. 57, No. 4, Ed. 1 Tuesday, April 1, 2003

Monthly student newspaper from Archer City High School in Archer City, Texas that includes news and information of interest to students along with advertising.
Date: April 1, 2003
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Cavity Expansion: A Library for Cavity Expansion Algorithms, Version 1.0 (open access)

Cavity Expansion: A Library for Cavity Expansion Algorithms, Version 1.0

Cavity expansion is a method for modeling the penetration of an axisymmetric or wedge-shaped solid body--a penetrator--into a target by using analytic expressions to capture the effects of the target on the body. Cavity expansion has been implemented as a third-party library (CavityExpansion) that can be used with explicit, transient dynamics codes. This document describes the mechanics of the cavity expansion model implemented as a third-party library. This document also describes the applications interface to CavityExpansion. A set of regression tests has been developed that can be used to test the implementation of CavityExpansion in a transient dynamics code. The mechanics of these tests and the expected results from the tests are described in detail.
Date: April 1, 2003
Creator: BROWN, KEVIN H.; KOTERAS, JAMES R.; LONGCOPE, DONALD B. & WARREN, THOMAS L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy Mercury Continuous Emission Monitor Progress Report (open access)

A Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy Mercury Continuous Emission Monitor Progress Report

Accurate reporting of mercury concentration requires a detailed model that includes experimental parameters that vary, such as: pressure, temperature, concentration, absorption cross-section, and isotopic structure etc. During this quarter a theoretical model has been developed to model the 253.7 nm mercury transition. In addition, while testing the interferent species SO{sub 2}, SRD was able to determine the absorption cross-section experimentally and add this to the theoretical model. Assuming that the baseline losses are due to the mirror reflectivity and SO{sub 2}, SRD can now determine the concentrations of both mercury and SO{sub 2} from the data taken. For the CRD instrument to perform as a continuous emission monitor it will be required to monitor mercury concentrations over extended periods of time. The stability of monitoring mercury concentrations over time with the CRD apparatus was tested during the past quarter. During a test which monitored the mercury concentration every 2 seconds it was found that the standard deviation, of a signal from about 1.25 ppb Hg, was only 30 ppt. SRD continued interferent gas testing during this past quarter. This included creating a simulated flue gas composed of the gases tested individually by SRD. The detection limits for mercury, although dependent …
Date: April 1, 2003
Creator: Carter, Christopher C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Central Asia: Regional Developments and Implications for U.S. Interests (open access)

Central Asia: Regional Developments and Implications for U.S. Interests

This report provides an overview of U.S. policy concerns and relations with countries in central Asia. The report discusses issues such as Fostering Pro-Western Orientations, Obstacles to Peace and Independence, Democratization and Human Rights, Security and Arms Control, Trade and Investment, and provides an Aid Overview.
Date: April 1, 2003
Creator: Nichol, Jim
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Characteristics and trends in a National Study of Consumer Outage Costs (open access)

Characteristics and trends in a National Study of Consumer Outage Costs

Ensuring reliability has and will continue to be a priority for electricity industry restructuring. Assessing the balance between public and private actions to ensure reliability should be guided in part by an understanding of the value of reliability to the nations' residential, commercial and industrial customers. Yet, there is no comprehensive body of information on this topic. This paper begins to address this information gap by analyzing studies conducted by electric utilities over the past 15 years to assess the value of electric service to their customers. Outage cost measurements prepared by 7 electric utilities through 20 studies are assembled and standardized into a national database of customer interruption costs. The database is used to describe trends in interruption costs, and regional (geographic) differences, differences in interruption costs by customer type. It can also be used to estimate customer damage functions. Results from the study are intended to contribute to an improved understanding of the importance of electricity reliability to the nation.
Date: April 1, 2003
Creator: Lawton, Leora; Eto, Joseph H.; Katz, Aaron & Sullivan, Michael
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Characterizations of Hydrogen Energy Technologies (open access)

Characterizations of Hydrogen Energy Technologies

In 1996, Dr. Ed Skolnik of Energetics, Incorporated, began a series of visits to the locations of various projects that were part of the DOE Hydrogen Program. The site visits/evaluations were initiated to help the DOE Program Management, which had limited time and limited travel budgets, to get a detailed snapshot of each project. The evaluations were soon found to have other uses as well: they provided reviewers on the annual Hydrogen Program Peer Review Team with an in-depth look at a project--something that is lacking in a short presentation--and also provided a means for hydrogen stakeholders to learn about the R&D that the Hydrogen Program is sponsoring. The visits were conducted under several different contract mechanisms, at project locations specified by DOE Headquarters Program Management, Golden Field Office Contract Managers, or Energetics, Inc., or through discussion by some or all of the above. The methodology for these site-visit-evaluations changed slightly over the years, but was fundamentally as follows: Contact the Principal Investigator (PI) and arrange a time for the visit; Conduct a literature review. This would include a review of the last two or three years of Annual Operating Plan submittals, monthly reports, the paper submitted with the last …
Date: April 1, 2003
Creator: Inc, Energetics
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Chemical Weapons Convention: Issues for Congress (open access)

Chemical Weapons Convention: Issues for Congress

The CWC bans the development, production, stockpiling, and use of chemical weapons by members signatories. It also requires the destruction of all chemical weapons stockpiles and production facilities. Neither the United States nor Russia will be able to meet the original CWC’s deadlines for destruction of their CW stockpiles, and have been granted extensions to at least 2012. The Convention provides the most extensive and intrusive verification regime of any arms control treaty, extending its coverage to not only governmental but also civilian facilities. The Convention also requires export controls and reporting requirements on chemicals that can be used as warfare agents and their precursors. The CWC establishes the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) to oversee the Convention’s implementation.
Date: April 1, 2003
Creator: Bowman, Steven R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Child Welfare Issues in the 108th Congress (open access)

Child Welfare Issues in the 108th Congress

The purpose of this report is to present a number of generally less broad legislative proposals related to child welfare financing have been introduced in the 108th Congress. Additional child welfare-related proposals designed to improve services, promote timely placement of children across state lines, and for other purposes, are described in this report.
Date: April 1, 2003
Creator: Stoltzfus, Emilie
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Christian Chronicle (Oklahoma City, Okla.), Vol. 60, No. 4, Ed. 1, April 2003 (open access)

The Christian Chronicle (Oklahoma City, Okla.), Vol. 60, No. 4, Ed. 1, April 2003

Monthly newspaper from Oklahoma City, Oklahoma that includes news and information about the Churches of Christ along with advertising.
Date: April 2003
Creator: McBride, Bailey & LaMascus, R. Scott
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Circulating Moving Bed Combustion Proof of Concept (open access)

Circulating Moving Bed Combustion Proof of Concept

This report describes the Circulating Moving Bed Combustion Proof of Concept
Date: April 1, 2003
Creator: Jukkola, Glen D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Closure Report for Corrective Action Unit 398: Area 25 Spill Sites, Nevada Test Site, Nevada (open access)

Closure Report for Corrective Action Unit 398: Area 25 Spill Sites, Nevada Test Site, Nevada

This Closure Report (CR) documents the activities performed to close Corrective Action Unit (CAU) 398: Area 25 Spill Sites, in accordance with the Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order (FFACO) of 1996, and the Nevada Division of Environmental Protection (NDEP)-approved Streamlined Approach for Environmental Restoration (SA4FER) Plan for CAU 398: Area 25 Spill Sites, Nevada Test Site, Nevada (U.S. Department of Energy, Nevada Operations Office [DOEN], 2001). CAU 398 consists of the following thirteen Corrective Action Sites (CASs) all located in Area 25 of the Nevada Test Site (NTS) (Figure 1): CAS 25-25-02, Oil Spills, CAS 25-25-03, Oil Spills, CAS 25-25-04, Oil Spills, CAS 25-25-05, Oil Spills, CAS 25-25-06, Oil Spills, CAS 25-25-07, Hydraulic Oil Spill(s), CAS 25-25-08, Hydraulic Oil Spill(s), CAS 25-25-16, Diesel Spill (from CAS 25-01-02), CAS 25-25-17, Subsurface Hydraulic Oil Spill, CAS 25-44-0 1, Fuel Spill, CAS 25-44-04, Acid Spill (from CAS 25-01-01), CAS 25-44-02, Spill, and CAS 25-44-03, Spill. Copies of the analytical results for the site verification samples are included in Appendix B. Copies of the CAU Use Restriction Information forms are included in Appendix C.
Date: April 1, 2003
Creator: Campbell, K. B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
CO2 Capture by Absorption With Potassium Carbonate (open access)

CO2 Capture by Absorption With Potassium Carbonate

The objective of this work is to improve the process for CO{sub 2} capture by alkanolamine absorption/stripping by developing an alternative solvent, aqueous K{sub 2}CO{sub 3} promoted by piperazine. A rigorous thermodynamic model has been developed with a stand-alone FORTRAN code to represent the CO{sub 2} vapor pressure and speciation of the new solvent. Parameters have been developed for use of the electrolyte NRTL model in AspenPlus. Analytical methods have been developed using gas chromatography and ion chromatography. The heat exchangers for the pilot plant have been ordered.
Date: April 1, 2003
Creator: Rochelle, Gary T.; Chen, Eric; Cullinane, J. Tim; Hilliard, Marcus & Jones, Terraun
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Coast Guard: Challenges during the Transition to the Department of Homeland Security (open access)

Coast Guard: Challenges during the Transition to the Department of Homeland Security

Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The Coast Guard is one of 22 agencies being placed in the new Department of Homeland Security (DHS). With its key roles in the nation's ports, waterways, and coastlines, the Coast Guard is an important part of enhanced homeland security efforts. But it also has important nonsecurity missions, such as search and rescue, fisheries and environmental protection, and drug and migrant interdiction. GAO has conducted a number of reviews of the Coast Guard's missions and was asked to testify about the Coast Guard's most recent level of effort for its various missions and the major operational and organizational challenges facing the agency during its transition into the newly created DHS."
Date: April 1, 2003
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Collaboration on DIII-D Five Year Plan (open access)

Collaboration on DIII-D Five Year Plan

This document summarizes Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's (LLNL) plan for fusion research on the DIII-D Tokamak, located at General Atomics (GA) in San Diego, California, in the time period FY04-FY08. This document is a companion document to the DIII-D Five-Year Program Plan; which hereafter will be referred to as the ''D3DPP''. The LLNL Collaboration on DIII-D is a task-driven program in which we bring to bear the full range of expertise needed to complete specific goals of plasma science research on the DIII-D facility. This document specifies our plasma performance and physics understanding goals and gives detailed plans to achieve those goals in terms of experimental leadership, code development and analysis, and diagnostic development. Our program is designed to be consistent with the long-term mission of the DIII-D program as documented in the D3DPP. The overall DIII-D Program mission is ''to establish the scientific basis for the optimization of the tokamak approach to fusion energy production''. LLNL Magnetic Fusion Energy (MFE) supports this mission, and we contribute to two areas of the DIII-D program: divertor physics and advanced tokamak (AT) physics. We lead or contribute to the whole cycle of research: experimental planning, diagnostic development, execution of experiments, and detailed …
Date: April 1, 2003
Creator: Allen, S
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Combinatorial Approach to Thin-Film Silicon Materials and Devices: Preprint (open access)

Combinatorial Approach to Thin-Film Silicon Materials and Devices: Preprint

We apply combinatorial approaches to thin-film Si materials and device research. Our hot-wire chemical vapor deposition chamber is fitted with substrate xyz translation, a motorized shutter, and interchangable shadow masks to implement various combinatorial methods. For example, we have explored, in detail, the transition region through which thin Si changes from amorphous to microcrystalline silicon. This transition is very sensitive to deposition parameters such as hydrogen-to-silane dilution of the source gas, chamber pressure, and substrate temperature. A material library, on just a few substrates, led to a three-dimensional map of the transition as it occurs in our deposition system. This map guides our scientific studies and enables us to use several distinct transition materials in our solar-cell optimization research. We also grew thickness-graded wedge samples spanning the amorphous-to-microcrystalline Si transition. These single stripes map the temporal change of the thin silicon phase onto a single spatial dimension. Therefore, the structural, optical, and electrical properties can easily be studied through the phase transition. We have examined the nature of the phase change on the wedges with Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES), ultraviolet reflectivity, and other techniques. Combinatorial techniques also accelerate …
Date: April 1, 2003
Creator: Wang, Q.; Moutinho, H.; To, B.; Perkins, J.; Ginley, D.; Branz, H. M. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library