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Analysis of Potential Benefits and Costs of Updating the Commercial Building Energy Code in North Dakota (open access)

Analysis of Potential Benefits and Costs of Updating the Commercial Building Energy Code in North Dakota

The state of North Dakota is considering updating its commercial building energy code. This report evaluates the potential costs and benefits to North Dakota residents from updating and requiring compliance with ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2001. Both qualitative and quantitative benefits and costs are assessed in the analysis. Energy and economic impacts are estimated using the Building Loads Analysis and System Thermodynamics (BLAST simulation combined with a Life-cycle Cost (LCC) approach to assess correspodning economic costs and benefits.
Date: April 30, 2004
Creator: Cort, Katherine A.; Belzer, David B.; Winiarski, David W. & Richman, Eric E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Analyzing occupancy profiles from a lighting controls field study (open access)

Analyzing occupancy profiles from a lighting controls field study

Despite a number of published studies on the effectiveness of lighting controls in buildings, only one US study examines the occupancy patterns of building occupants. Occupancy profiles allow one to determine, for example, the probability that an office is occupied for each hour of the workday. Occupancy profiles are useful for many purposes including: (1) predicting the effectiveness of occupancy sensors for reducing peak demand, (2) evaluating the impact of human activity on building lighting and other electric loads and (3) providing lighting equipment manufacturers with detailed lighting operation data to help evaluate the impact of advanced lighting controls on equipment life. In this paper, we examine the occupancy profiles for 35 single person offices at a large office building in San Francisco and analyze the data to obtain average occupancy as a function of time of day. In addition, we analyzed the data to identify how the use of occupancy sensors may affect switching cycles and lamp life.
Date: April 30, 2003
Creator: Rubinstein, Francis; Colak, Nesrin; Jennings, Judith & Neils, Danielle
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Anisotropic x-ray magnetic linear dichroism at the Fe L2,3 edgesin Fe3O4 (open access)

Anisotropic x-ray magnetic linear dichroism at the Fe L2,3 edgesin Fe3O4

X-ray magnetic linear dichroism at the Fe L{sub 2,3} edges of the ferrimagnet Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} was found to exhibit a strong dependence on the relative orientation of external magnetic field, x-ray polarization, and crystalline axes. Spectral shape and magnitude of the effect were determined for Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}(011) and Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}(001) thin films varying the in-plane orientation of field and polarization. All dichroism spectra can be described as a linear combination of three fundamental spectra which in turn give a good agreement with calculated spectra using atomic multiplet theory. The angular dependence of the magnetic dichroism reflects the crystal field symmetry. It can be used to estimate the crystal field splitting and allows determining the spin quantization axis.
Date: April 30, 2006
Creator: Arenholz, Elke; van der Laan, Gerrit; Chopdekar, Rajesh V. & Suzuki, Yuri
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Application of Self-Propagating High Temperature Synthesis to the Fabrication of Actinide Bearing Nitride and Other Ceramic Nuclear Fuels (open access)

Application of Self-Propagating High Temperature Synthesis to the Fabrication of Actinide Bearing Nitride and Other Ceramic Nuclear Fuels

The project uses an exothermic combustion synthesis reaction, termed self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS), to produce high quality, reproducible nitride fuels and other ceramic type nuclear fuels (cercers and cermets, etc.) in conjunction with the fabrication of transmutation fuels. The major research objective of the project is determining the fundamental SHS processing parameters by first using manganese as a surrogate for americium to produce dense Zr-Mn-N ceramic compounds. These fundamental principles will then be transferred to the production of dense Zr-Am-N ceramic materials. A further research objective in the research program is generating fundamental SHS processing data to the synthesis of (i) Pu-Am-Zr-N and (ii) U-Pu-Am-N ceramic fuels. In this case, Ce will be used as the surrogate for Pu, Mn as the surrogate for Am, and depleted uranium as the surrogate for U. Once sufficient fundamental data has been determined for these surrogate systems, the information will be transferred to Idaho National Laboratory (INL) for synthesis of Zr-Am-N, Pu-Am-Zr-N and U-Pu-Am-N ceramic fuels. The high vapor pressures of americium (Am) and americium nitride (AmN) are cause for concern in producing nitride ceramic nuclear fuel that contains Am. Along with the problem of Am retention during the sintering phases of current …
Date: April 30, 2009
Creator: John J. Moore, Marissa M. Reigel, Collin D. Donohoue
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Applied techniques for high bandwidth data transfers across wide area networks (open access)

Applied techniques for high bandwidth data transfers across wide area networks

Large distributed systems such as Computational/Data Grids require large amounts of data to be co-located with the computing facilities for processing. Ensuring that the data is there in time for the computation in today's Internet is a massive problem. From our work developing a scalable distributed network cache, we have gained experience with techniques necessary to achieve high data throughput over high bandwidth Wide Area Networks (WAN). In this paper, we discuss several hardware and software design techniques and issues, and then describe their application to an implementation of an enhanced FTP protocol called GridFTP. We also describe results from two applications using these techniques, which were obtained at the Supercomputing 2000 conference.
Date: April 30, 2001
Creator: Lee, Jason; Gunter, Dan; Tierney, Brian; Allcock, Bill; Bester, Joe; Bresnahan, John et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Archaeological Survey of the City of Weinert's Wastewater Treatment Plant Improvements, Haskell County, Texas (open access)

Archaeological Survey of the City of Weinert's Wastewater Treatment Plant Improvements, Haskell County, Texas

A report of an archaeological survey of the city of Weinert for the proposed modifications to the existing wastewater treatment plant.
Date: April 30, 2008
Creator: Todd, Jesse
Object Type: Report
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Archer Advocate (Holliday, Tex.), Vol. 1, No. 4, Ed. 1 Wednesday, April 30, 2003 (open access)

The Archer Advocate (Holliday, Tex.), Vol. 1, No. 4, Ed. 1 Wednesday, April 30, 2003

Weekly newspaper from Holliday, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: April 30, 2003
Creator: Thomas, John
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Archer County Advocate (Holliday, Tex.), Vol. 7, No. 18, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 30, 2009 (open access)

Archer County Advocate (Holliday, Tex.), Vol. 7, No. 18, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 30, 2009

Weekly newspaper from Holliday, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: April 30, 2009
Creator: Lewinski, Steve
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Archer County News (Archer City, Tex.), No. 18, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 30, 2009 (open access)

Archer County News (Archer City, Tex.), No. 18, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 30, 2009

Weekly newspaper from Archer City, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: April 30, 2009
Creator: Lewis, Shelley
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Asian Pacific American Political Participation and Representation in Elective Office (open access)

Asian Pacific American Political Participation and Representation in Elective Office

This report is on Asian Pacific American Political Participation and Representation in Elective Office.
Date: April 30, 2003
Creator: Coleman, Kevin
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Asian Pacific Americans in the United States Congress (open access)

Asian Pacific Americans in the United States Congress

This report contains the Asian Pacific Americans in the United States congress.
Date: April 30, 2007
Creator: Tong, Lorraine H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
ASM Conference on Integrating Metabolism and Genomics (IMAGE) (open access)

ASM Conference on Integrating Metabolism and Genomics (IMAGE)

None
Date: April 30, 2004
Creator: LaRossa, Robert A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Assessing I-Grid(TM) web-based monitoring for power quality and reliability benchmarking (open access)

Assessing I-Grid(TM) web-based monitoring for power quality and reliability benchmarking

This paper presents preliminary findings from DOEs pilot program. The results show how a web-based monitoring system can form the basis for aggregation of data and correlation and benchmarking across broad geographical lines. A longer report describes additional findings from the pilot, including impacts of power quality and reliability on customers operations [Divan, Brumsickle, Eto 2003].
Date: April 30, 2003
Creator: Divan, Deepak; Brumsickle, William & Eto, Joseph
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Assisted Living: Examples of State Efforts to Improve Consumer Protections (open access)

Assisted Living: Examples of State Efforts to Improve Consumer Protections

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Assisted living facilities provide help with activities of daily living in a residential setting for individuals who cannot live independently but do not require 24-hour skilled nursing care. In 2002, over 36,000 assisted living facilities served approximately 900,000 residents. The states establish and enforce licensing standards for these institutions. Because states have taken widely differing approaches to regulating and supporting assisted living, they can potentially learn from each other's experiences as they consider changes to their own policies. GAO was asked to review challenges faced by consumers and providers of assisted living and seek out notable state initiatives addressing those challenges in three selected areas: (1) disclosure of full and accurate information to consumers, (2) state assistance to providers to meet licensing requirements, and (3) procedures for addressing residents' complaints. We identified specific examples of individual programs in Florida, Texas, Washington, Georgia, and Massachusetts that highlighted different approaches in these three areas, which other states might wish to consider emulating."
Date: April 30, 2004
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Astrophysical and Astrochemical Insights into the Origin of Life (open access)

Astrophysical and Astrochemical Insights into the Origin of Life

Nucleosynthesis of heavy elements such as carbon in stars allowed the formation of organic molecules in space, which appear to be widespread in our Galaxy. The physical and chemical conditions - including density, temperature, ultraviolet radiation and energetic particles - determine reaction pathways and the complexity of organic molecules in different space environments. Dense interstellar clouds are the birth sites of stars of all masses and their planetary systems. During the protostellar collapse, gaseous and solid interstellar organic molecules are integrated into protostellar disks from which planets and smaller solar system bodies form. After the formation of the planets in our own solar system, 4.6 billion years ago, all of them, including the Earth, were subjected to frequent impacts for several hundred million years. First indications for life on Earth are dated 3.8-3.5 billion years ago. That life arose very shortly after this heavy bombardment phase raises many questions. A prebiotic non-reducing atmosphere predicts that building blocks of macromolecules--such as amino acids, sugars, purines and pyrimidines were not formed in abundance. A part of the prebiotic organic content of the early Earth could have been delivered by asteroids, comets and smaller fragments such as meteorites and interplanetary dust particles (IDPs). …
Date: April 30, 2002
Creator: Ehrenfreund, P; Becker, L; Blank, J; Brucato, J; Colangeli, L; Derenne, S et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Atmospheric Data Package for the 2004 Composite Analysis (open access)

Atmospheric Data Package for the 2004 Composite Analysis

The purpose of this data package is to summarize our conceptual understanding of atmospheric transport and deposition, describe how this understanding will be simplified for numerical simulation as part of the 2004 Composite Analysis (i.e., implementation model), and finally to provide the input parameters needed for the simulations.
Date: April 30, 2004
Creator: Napier, Bruce A. & Ramsdell, James V.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Aviation Finance: Distribution of Airport Grant Funds Complied with Statutory Requirements (open access)

Aviation Finance: Distribution of Airport Grant Funds Complied with Statutory Requirements

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) administers the Airport Improvement Program (AIP), which provides billions of dollars in federal grants to airports for planning and development projects. The total funds awarded by FAA was consistent with the total amount of AIP funds available for obligation for fiscal years 1996 through 2000. FAA also made available or awarded AIP grant funds in accordance with the statutory formulas and set-asides contained in the authorization acts for the five fiscal years reviewed. In some cases, FAA awarded more funding than required to some airports and projects when it distributed the remaining AIP discretionary funds, which are not subject to statutory formulas or set-asides. GAO also found that small airports received greater amounts than large airports."
Date: April 30, 2002
Creator: United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Aviation Security: Federal Efforts to Secure U.S.-Bound Air Cargo Are in the Early Stages and Could Be Strengthened (open access)

Aviation Security: Federal Efforts to Secure U.S.-Bound Air Cargo Are in the Early Stages and Could Be Strengthened

A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has primary responsibility for securing air cargo transported into the United States from another country, referred to as inbound air cargo, and preventing implements of terrorism from entering the country. GAO examined (1) what actions DHS has taken to secure inbound air cargo, and how, if at all, these efforts could be strengthened; and (2) what practices the air cargo industry and foreign governments have adopted that could enhance DHS's efforts to strengthen inbound air cargo security, and to what extent DHS has worked with foreign governments to enhance their air cargo security efforts. To conduct this study, GAO reviewed relevant DHS documents, interviewed DHS officials, and conducted site visits to seven countries in Europe and Asia."
Date: April 30, 2007
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Baghouse Slipstream Testing at TXU's Big Brown Station (open access)

Baghouse Slipstream Testing at TXU's Big Brown Station

Performing sorbent testing for mercury control at a large scale is a very expensive endeavor and requires months of planning and careful execution. Even with good planning, there are plant limitations on what operating/design parameters can be varied/tested and when. For parameters that cannot be feasibly tested at the full scale (lower/higher gas flow, different bag material, cleaning methods, sorbents, etc.), an alternative approach is used to perform tests on a slipstream unit using flue gas from the plant. The advantage that a slipstream unit provides is the flexibility to test multiple operating and design parameters and other possible technology options without risking major disruption to the operation of the power plant. Additionally, the results generated are expected to simulate full-scale conditions closely, since the flue gas used during the tests comes directly from the plant in question. The Energy & Environmental Research Center developed and constructed a mobile baghouse that allows for cost-effective testing of impacts related to variation in operating and design parameters, as well as other possible mercury control options. Multiple sorbents, air-to-cloth ratios, bag materials, and cleaning frequencies were evaluated while flue gas was extracted from Big Brown when it fired a 70% Texas lignite-30% Powder …
Date: April 30, 2007
Creator: Pavlish, John; Laumb, Jason; Jensen, Robert; Thompson, Jeffery; Martin, Christopher; Musich, Mark et al.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Balance of Payments: Meaning and Significance (open access)

The Balance of Payments: Meaning and Significance

This report provides a basic discussion of the U.S. balance of payments (BOP). The is a systematic accounting of the U.S.'s international transactions for a specified period of time.
Date: April 30, 2003
Creator: Wells, Gary J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Baryon Anomaly: Evidence for Color Transparency and Direct Hadron Production at RHIC (open access)

The Baryon Anomaly: Evidence for Color Transparency and Direct Hadron Production at RHIC

We show that the QCD color transparency of higher-twist contributions to inclusive hadroproduction cross sections, where baryons are produced directly in a short distance subprocess, can explain several remarkable features of high-p{sub T} baryon production in heavy ion collisions which have recently been observed at RHIC: (a) the anomalous increase of the proton-to-pion ratio with centrality (b): the increased power-law fall-off at fixed x{sub T} = 2p{sub T}/{radical}s of the charged particle production cross section in high centrality nuclear collisions, and (c): the anomalous decrease of the number of same-side hadrons produced in association with a proton trigger as the centrality increases. We show that correlations between opposite-side hyperons and kaons can provide a clear signature of higher-twist contributions. These phenomena emphasize the importance of understanding hadronization at the amplitude level in QCD illustrate how heavy ion collisions can provide sensitive tools for interpreting and testing fundamental properties of QCD.
Date: April 30, 2008
Creator: Brodsky, Stanley J. & Sickles, Anne
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Basin Analysis and Petroleum System Characterization and Modeling, Interior Salt Basins, Central and Eastern Gulf of Mexico (open access)

Basin Analysis and Petroleum System Characterization and Modeling, Interior Salt Basins, Central and Eastern Gulf of Mexico

None
Date: April 30, 2008
Creator: Mancini, Ernest
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Bastrop Advertiser (Bastrop, Tex.), Vol. 156, No. 17, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 30, 2009 (open access)

The Bastrop Advertiser (Bastrop, Tex.), Vol. 156, No. 17, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 30, 2009

Semi-weekly newspaper from Bastrop, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with advertising.
Date: April 30, 2009
Creator: Wright, Cyndi
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 78, No. 156, Ed. 1 Sunday, April 30, 2000 (open access)

The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 78, No. 156, Ed. 1 Sunday, April 30, 2000

Daily newspaper from Baytown, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: April 30, 2000
Creator: Cash, Wanda Garner
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History