We have used data from the Time Projection Chamber at the SLAC storage ring PEP to study the inclusive production of charged hadrons in e/sup /+//e/sup /-// annihilation at a center of mass energy of 29 GeV. Charged particles were identified by simultaneous dEdx and momentum measurements. We present cross sections and particle fractions for ..pi../sup/plus minus//, k/sup + -/, and p(/ovr/p//) as a function of energy, momentum, rapidity, and transverse momentum. We compare the predictions of various hadronization models to the data and note discrepancies at high momentum.

The RIVER computer code is used to archive Columbia River data measured at the 100N reactor. The data are recorded every other hour starting at 0100 Pacific Standard Time (12 observations in a day), and consists of river elevation, temperature, and flow rate. The program prompts the user for river data by using a data entry form. After the data have been enetered and verified, the program appends each hour of river data to the end of each corresponding surface observation record for the current day. The appended data are then stored in the current month's surface observation file.

This annual report, the ninth in a series, provides a brief description of fuel performance during 1986 in commercial nuclear power plants and an indication of trends. Brief summaries of fuel design changes, fuel surveillance programs, fuel operating experience, fuel problems, high-burnup fuel experience, and items of general significance are provided. References to more detailed information and related U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission evaluations are included. 550 refs., 12 figs., 31 tabs.

Objective of the Coal/Water Slurry (CWS) Fired Warm-Air Heating System program is the development of a reliable, efficient, compact and safe CWS-burning residential furnace. This report summarizes results of the fourth quarter of the first phase of the program effort carried out by Tecogen Inc. During the first phase ,Tecogen is developing several key components of the furnace, which may be grouped into: components directly related to combustion processes; a heat exchanger that transfers sensible heat from the flue gases to a circulating water loop, and a gas cleanup system. During the fourth quarter, work continued on, Testing and Development of Initial Prototype Components. It was found that the entire furnace system, including the combustor, peristaltic pump, Y-jet atomizer, and heat exchanger performed reliably. The combustor, which is best denoted as an Inertial Reactor with Internal Separation (IRIS) because it uses radial forces to detain particles, achieved a carbon conversion efficiency of over 96%.

Objective of the Coal/Water Slurry (CWS) Fired Warm-Air Heating System program is the development of a reliable, efficient, compact and safe CWS-burning residential furnace. This report summarizes results of the fourth quarter of the first phase of the program effort carried out by Tecogen Inc. During the first phase ,Tecogen is developing several key components of the furnace, which may be grouped into: components directly related to combustion processes; a heat exchanger that transfers sensible heat from the flue gases to a circulating water loop, and a gas cleanup system. During the fourth quarter, work continued on, Testing and Development of Initial Prototype Components. It was found that the entire furnace system, including the combustor, peristaltic pump, Y-jet atomizer, and heat exchanger performed reliably. The combustor, which is best denoted as an Inertial Reactor with Internal Separation (IRIS) because it uses radial forces to detain particles, achieved a carbon conversion efficiency of over 96%.

The computer program PROSA (PROgram for Statistical Analysis of near-real-time accountancy data) was developed as a tool to apply statistical test procedures to a sequence of materials balance results for detecting losses of material. First applications of PROSA to model facility data and real plant data showed that PROSA is also usable as a tool for process or measurement control. To deepen the experience for the application of PROSA to real data of bulk-handling facilities, we applied it to uranium data of the Allied General Nuclear Services miniruns, where accountancy data were collected on a near-real-time basis. Minirun 6 especially was considered, and the pulsed columns were chosen as materials balance area. The structure of the measurement models for flow sheet data and actual operation data are compared, and methods are studied to reduce the error for inventory measurements of the columns.

Two solvent extraction experiments were made in the Solvent Extraction Test Facility (SETF) during Campaign 10 to continue the evaluation of: (1) a computer control system for the coextraction-coscrub contractor; and (2) a partitioning technique that separates uranium and plutonium without the aid of chemical reductants. The Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF) fuel used in this campaign had burnups of {approximately}55 and {approximately}60 (average) MWd/kg. During both experiments, the computer control system successfully maintained stable, efficient operation. The control system used an in-line photometer to monitor the plutonium concentration in the extraction section; and based on this data, it adjusted the addition rate of the extractant to maintain high loadings of heavy metal in the solvent and low raffinate losses. The uranium and plutonium partitioning relied entirely on the differences between the U(VI) and Pu(IV) distribution coefficients (since no reductant was used to adjust the plutonium valence). In order to enhance this difference, the TBP concentration and operating temperature were relatively low in comparison to traditional Purex flowsheets. Final product purities of 99{percent} were achieved for both the uranium and plutonium in one cycle of partitioning.

A feasibility study and a series of preliminary designs and analyses were done to identify candidate processes or cycles for use in active cooling systems for downhole electronic instruments. A matrix of energy types and their possible combinations was developed and the energy conversion process for each pari was identified. The feasibility study revealed conventional as well as unconventional processes and possible refrigerants and identified parameters needing further clarifications. A conceptual design or series od oesigns for each system was formulated and a preliminary analysis of each design was completed. The resulting coefficient of performance for each system was compared with the Carnot COP and all systems were ranked by decreasing COP. The system showing the best combination of COP, exchangeability to other operating conditions, failure mode, and system serviceability is chosen for use as a downhole refrigerator. 85 refs., 48 figs., 33 tabs.

The energy dependence of the relative production rate of 3-jet events is studied in hadronic e/sup +/e/sup -/ annihilation events at centre of mass energies between 22 and 56 GeV, using the data of the JADE, MARK-II and AMY collaborations at PETRA, PEP and TRISTAN. Three jet events are defined by a jet finding algorithm which is closely related to the definition of resolvable jets used in O(..cap alpha../sub s//sup 2/) perturbative QCD calculations, where the relative production rate of 3-jet events is roughly proportional to the strong coupling strength, ..cap alpha../sub s/. The observed production rates of 3-jet events decreases significantly with increasing centre of mass energy. The results, which are independent of fragmentation model calculations, can be directly compared to theoretically calculated jet production rates and are in good agreement with the QCD expectations of a running coupling strength, while the hypothesis of an energy independent coupling constant can be excluded with a significance of 5 standard deviations. Based on these results, the presented jet analysis also provides the possibility to detect first signs of the production of new and heavy particles in the early stage of data taking at SLC and LEP.

The objective of the work is to evaluate the GEOTHER code and peform necessary improvements to make it specifically suitable for predicting the environmental conditions of the waste package for the Basalt Waste Isolation Project (BWIP); and to perform resaturation analyses, that is, the analyses of steam formation and condensation, for the repository and waste package using the improved GEOTHER code. This is a progress report to BWIP documenting the status of GEOTHER code testing, evaluation, and improvements. The computational results documented in this report reflect the current condition of the code and the condition before code improvements. The test cases used are intended for examining the code features in sufficient detail and are not intended to be taken as final conclusions for BWIP applications.

Montmorillonite-beidellite smectites are present in amounts up to 50% in the rocks directly underlying the potential high-level radioactive waste repository horizon at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The thermal reactions of concern include reversible collapse/expansion of the smectite layers due to loss/gain of interlayer water;irreversible collapse due to loss of interlayer water and migration of interlayer cations into the 2:1 silicate layers;irreversible reduction of the osmotic swelling ability through reaction in a steam atmosphere;and inhomogeneous transformation of the smectite into an interstratified illite/smectite. Reversible collapse should be of minor importance because any thermally driven collapse will be reversed when water is introduced and temperatures go down. The amounts of smectite in the potential repository horizon itself are probably insufficient to give rise to rock strength problems due to reversible collapse. The irreversible reduction of somotic selling capacity in a steam environment may be significant in the rocks near the repository horizon. This effect on naturally occurring Na-rich smectites would probably increase permeabilitie shut would also provide for increased cation exchange by the smectite. 60 refs., 9 figs.

The greatest weakness in existing design strategies for brittle fracture is in the narrow range of conditions for which the strategies are adequate. The primary reason for this weakness is the use of simplistic mechanical models of fracture processes and unverified statistical models of materials. To improve the design methodology, the models must first be improved. Specifically recommended research goals are: to develop models of cracks with realistic geometry under arbitrary stress states; to identify and model the most important relationships between fracture processes and microstructural features; to assess the technology available for acquiring statistical data on microstructure and flaw populations, and to establish the amount of data required for verification of statistical models; and to establish a computer-based fracture simulation that can incorporate a wide variety of mechanical and statistical models and crack geometries, as well as arbitrary stress states. 204 refs., 2 tabs.

None

This paper presents the evidence for a decay mode of the D/sub s/ state, obtained using the Mark III detector at the e/sup /plus//e/sup /minus// storage ring SPEAR. We report the observation of the decay Ds/sup /plus// ..-->.. /eta/..pi../sup /plus// in two channels (/eta/ ..-->.. ..gamma gamma.. and /eta/ ..-->.. ..pi../sup /plus//..pi../sup /minus//..pi../sup 0/). The product branching fraction is measured to be sigma(e/sup /plus//e/sup /minus// ..-->.. D/sub s//sup /plus//D/sub s/*/sup /minus// + c.c.) /times/ B(D/sub s//sup /plus// ..-->.. /eta/..pi../sup /plus//) = 80 +- 20 +- 25 pb and 74 +- 19 +- 25 pb for the ..gamma gamma.. and ..pi../sup /plus//..pi../sup /minus//..pi../sup 0/ channels, respectively. These values are approximately twice the rate of D/sub s/ ..-->.. /phi/..pi...

The nucleus plays two complimentary roles in quantum chromodynamics: (1) A nuclear target can be used as a control medium or background field to modify or probe quark and gluon subprocesses. Some novel examples are color transparency, the predicted transparency of the nucleus to hadrons participating in high momentum transfer exclusive reactions, and formation zone phenomena, the absence of hard, collinear, target-induced radiation by a quark or gluon interacting in a high momentum transfer inclusive reaction if its energy is large compared to a scale proportional to the length of the target. (Soft radiation and elastic initial state interactions in the nucleus still occur.) Coalescence with co-moving spectators is discussed as a mechanism which can lead to increased open charm hadroproduction, but which also suppresses forward charmonium production (relative to lepton pairs) in heavy ion collisions. Also discussed are some novel features of nuclear diffractive amplitudes--high energy hadronic or electromagnetic reactions which leave the entire nucleus intact and give nonadditive contributions to the nuclear structure function at low /kappa cur//sub Bj/. (2) Conversely, the nucleus can be studied as a QCD structure. At short distances, nuclear wave functions and nuclear interactions necessarily involve hidden color, degrees of freedom orthogonal to …

Impact from past and potential future discharges of ammoniated water to the 216-A-36B crib have on groundwater and river concentrations of hazardous chemical constitutents are studied. Until August 1987, the 216-A-36B crib, located in the 200-East Area of the Hanford Site, accepted ammoniated water discharges. Although this study addresses known hazardous chemical constituents associated with such discharges, the primary concern is the discharge of NH/sub 4/OH because of its microbiological conversion to NO/sub 2//sup /minus// and NO/sub 3//sup /minus//. As a result of fuel decladding operations, material balance calculations indicate that NH/sub 4/OH has been discharged to the 216-A-36B crib in amounts that exceed reportable quantities under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980. Although flow to the crib is relatively constant, the estimated NH/sub 4/OH discharge varies from negligible to a maximum of 10,000 g-molesh. Because these discharges are intermittent, the concentration delivered to the groundwater is a function of soil sorption, microbiological conversion rates of NH/sub 4//sup +/ to NO/sub 2//sup /minus// and NO/sub 3//sup /minus//, and groundwater dispersion. This report provides results based on the assumptions of maximum, nominal, and discountinued NH/sub 4/OH discharges to the crib. Consequently, the results show maximum and realistic …

A distributed data acquisition system that uses various computer hardware and software is being developed to support magnetic fusion experiments at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The experimental sequence of operations is controlled by a supervisory program, which coordinates software running on Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) VAX computers, Hewlett-Packard (HP) UNIX-based workstations, and HP BASIC desktop computers. An interprocess communication system (IPCS) allows programs to communicate with one another in a standard manner regardless of program location in the network or of operating system and hardware differences. We discuss the design and implementation of this data acquisition system with particular emphasis on the coordination model and the IPCS. 5 refs., 3 figs.

Shortly after ORNL/TM-10362 was issued, it was discovered that a series of 31 figures had been inadvertently omitted. These figures, which consist of scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs and energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence scans, provide significant information about the results obtained in the tests performed with water sample W3. This Addendum includes these figures. Details of and comments on the SEM photographs may be found in ORNL/TM-10362.

In 1973, the U.S. Supreme Court held that the Constitution protects a woman's decision whether or not to terminate her pregnancy (Roe v. Wade), and that a State may not unduly burden the exercise of that fundamental right by regulations that prohibit or substantially limit access to the means of effectuating that decision (Doe v. Bolton). However, the issue of a woman's right to an abortion is far from settled. This report discusses the various legislative actions undertaken since 1973 to either nullify these rulings or hinder their effectuation.

The CHROMA laser facility at KMS Fusion has been used to irradiate a variety of microdot targets. These include aluminum dots and mixed bromine dots doped with K-shell (magnesium) emitters. Simultaneously time- and space-resolved K-shell and L-shell spectra have been measured and compared to dynamic model predictions. The electron density profiles are measured using holographic interferometry. Temperatures, densities, and ionization distributions are determined using K-shell and L-shell spectral techniques. Time and spatial gradients are resolved simultaneously using three diagnostics: a framing crystal x-ray spectrometer, an x-ray streaked crystal spectrometer with a spatial imaging slit, and a 4-frame holographic interferometer. Significant differences have been found between the interferometric and the model-dependent spectral measurements of plasma density. Predictions by new non-stationary L-shell models currently being developed are also presented. 14 refs., 10 figs.

This report deals with the handling of defense-related wastes associated with plutonium processing. It first defines the different waste categories along with the techniques used to assess waste content. It then discusses the various treatment approaches used in recovering plutonium from scrap. Next, it addresses the various waste management approaches necessary to handle all wastes. Finally, there is a discussion of some future areas for processing with emphasis on waste reduction. 91 refs., 25 figs., 4 tabs.

This report discusses Title X of the Public Health Service Act provides support for family planning clinics, research related to family planning and population, training of family planning personnel, and development and dissemination of family planning information.

Using the Energetic Pion Channel and Spectrometer at the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility, differential cross sections for pion scattering were measured for ten previously known J/sup ..pi../ = 8/sup /minus// stretched states in /sup 60/Ni. A possible new pure isoscalar stretched state was also found. The data were taken near the /DELTA//sub 3,3/-resonance using 162 MeV incident pions and scattering angles of 65/degree/, 80/degree/, and 90/degree/ for ..pi../sup +/ and 65/degree/ and 80/degree/ for ..pi../sup /minus//. The analysis of the /sup 60/Ni data found that the use of Woods-Saxon wave functions in the theoretical calculations gave much better agreement with data than the use of the usual harmonic oscillator wave functions. The WS theory gave better predictions of: the angle at which the ..pi../sup /minus// and ..pi../sup +/ angular distributions are maximum, the ratios of ..pi../sup /minus// to ..pi../sup +/ cross sections for pure isovector states (which were much larger than unity), and the absolute size of the cross sections for all states (so that the normalization factor necessary to arrive at agreement of theory with data was closer to unity). The theoretical calculations used the distorted wave impulse approximation, including new methods for unbound states. The sensitivities of …

We have initiated a study to define a blanket processing mockup for Tritium Systems Test Assembly. Initial evaluation of the requirements of the blanket processing system have been started. The first step of the work is to define the condition of the gaseous tritium stream from the blanket tritium recovery system. This report summarizes this part of the work for one particular blanket concept, i.e., a self-cooled lithium blanket. The total gas throughput, the hydrogen to tritium ratio, the corrosive chemicals, and the radionuclides are defined. The key discoveries are: the throughput of the blanket gas stream (including the helium carrier gas) is about two orders of magnitude higher than the plasma exhaust stream;the protium to tritium ratio is about 1, the deuterium to tritium ratio is about 0.003;the corrosion chemicals are dominated by halides;the radionuclides are dominated by C-14, P-32, and S-35;their is high level of nitrogen contamination in the blanket stream. 77 refs., 6 figs., 13 tabs.