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USING MULTITAIL NETWORKS IN HIGH PERFORMANCE CLUSTERS (open access)

USING MULTITAIL NETWORKS IN HIGH PERFORMANCE CLUSTERS

Using multiple independent networks (also known as rails) is an emerging technique to overcome bandwidth limitations and enhance fault-tolerance of current high-performance clusters. We present and analyze various venues for exploiting multiple rails. Different rail access policies are presented and compared, including static and dynamic allocation schemes. An analytical lower bound on the number of networks required for static rail allocation is shown. We also present an extensive experimental comparison of the behavior of various allocation schemes in terms of bandwidth and latency. Striping messages over multiple rails can substantially reduce network latency, depending on average message size, network load and allocation scheme. The methods compared include a static rail allocation, a round-robin rail allocation, a dynamic allocation based on local knowledge, and a rail allocation that reserves both end-points of a message before sending it. The latter is shown to perform better than other methods at higher loads: up to 49% better than local-knowledge allocation and 37% better than the round-robin allocation. This allocation scheme also shows lower latency and it saturates on higher loads (for messages large enough). Most importantly, this proposed allocation scheme scales well with the number of rails and message sizes.
Date: March 1, 2001
Creator: COLL, S.; FRACHTEMBERG, E.; PETRINI, F.; HOISIE, A. & GURVITS, L.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Vadose Zone Transport Field Study: FY 2001 Test Plan (open access)

Vadose Zone Transport Field Study: FY 2001 Test Plan

No abstract is available for this document at this time.
Date: March 1, 2001
Creator: Ward, Andy L. & Gee, Glendon W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
VALIDATION OF TRANSIENT STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS: AN EXAMPLE (open access)

VALIDATION OF TRANSIENT STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS: AN EXAMPLE

The field of computational structural dynamics is on the threshold of revolutionary change. The ever-increasing costs of physical experiments coupled with advances in massively parallel computer architecture are steering the engineering analyst to be more and more reliant on numerical calculations with little to no data available for experimental confirmation. New areas of research in engineering analysis have come about as a result of the changing roles of computations and experiments. Whereas in the past the primary function of physical experiments has been to confirm or ''prove'' the accuracy of a computational simulation, the new environment of engineering is forcing engineers to allocate precious experimental resources differently. Rather than trying to ''prove'' whether a calculation is correct, the focus is on learning how to use experimental data to ''improve'' the accuracy of computational simulations. This process of improving the accuracy of calculations through the use of experimental data is termed ''model validation.'' Model validation emphasizes the need for quantitative techniques of assessing the accuracy of a computational prediction with respect to experimental measurements, taking into account that both the prediction and the measurement have uncertainties associated with them. The ''vugraph norm,'' where one overlays transparencies of simulated data and experimental ā€¦
Date: March 1, 2001
Creator: SCHULTZ, J.; HEMEZ, F. & AL, ET
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Value of Helium-Cooled Reactor Technologies of Nuclear Waste (open access)

The Value of Helium-Cooled Reactor Technologies of Nuclear Waste

Helium-cooled reactor technologies offer significant advantages in accomplishing the waste transmutation process. They are ideally suited for use with thermal, epithermal, or fast neutron energy spectra. They can provide a relatively hard thermal neutron spectrum for transmutation of fissionable materials such as Pu-239 using ceramic-coated transmutation fuel particles, a graphite moderator, and a non-fertile burnable poison. These features (1) allow deep levels of transmutation with minimal or no intermediate reprocessing, (2) enhance passive decay heat removal via heat conduction and radiation, (3) allow operation at relatively high temperatures for a highly efficient generation of electricity, and (4) discharge the transmuted waste in a form that is highly resistant to corrosion for long times. They also offer the possibility for the use of epithermal neutrons that can interact with transmutable materials more effectively because of the large atomic cross sections in this energy domain. A fast spectrum may be useful for deep burnup of certain minor actinides. For this application, helium is essentially transparent to neutrons, does not degrade neutron energies, and offers the hardest possible neutron energy environment. In this paper, we report results from recent work on materials transmutation balances, safety, value to a geological repository, and economic considerations.
Date: March 1, 2001
Creator: Rodriguez, C. & Baxter, A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Washington Phase II Fish Diversion Screen Evaluations in the Yakima River Basin, 2000. (open access)

Washington Phase II Fish Diversion Screen Evaluations in the Yakima River Basin, 2000.

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) evaluated 21 Phase II screen sites in the Yakima River Basin as part of a multi-year study for the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) on the effectiveness of fish screening devices. The sites were examined in 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2000 to determine if they were being effectively operated and maintained to provide fish a safe, efficient return to the Yakima River. Data were collected to determine if velocities in front of the screens and in the bypass met current National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) criteria to promote safe and timely fish bypass and whether bypass outfall conditions allowed fish to safely return to the river. Based on the results of our studies in 2000, we conclude that: in general, water velocity conditions at the screen sites met fish passage criteria set forth by the NMFS; most facilities were efficiently protecting juvenile fish from entrainment, impingement, or migration delay; automated cleaning brushes generally functioned properly; chains and other moving parts were well greased and inoperative; and removal of sediment build-up and accumulated leafy and woody debris are areas that continue to improve.
Date: March 1, 2001
Creator: Chamness, M. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
WELD APPLICATION OF A NEW METHOD FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL RESIDUAL STRESS MAPPING (open access)

WELD APPLICATION OF A NEW METHOD FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL RESIDUAL STRESS MAPPING

The new ''contour method'' was used to measure a cross-sectional map of residual stresses in a welded plate. Comparisons with neutron diffraction measurements confirm the capability of the contour method to measure complex, 2-D stress maps. Compared to other methods, the contour method is relatively simple and inexpensive to perform, and the equipment required is widely available.
Date: March 1, 2001
Creator: PRIME, M. & AL, ET
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
WHITE PAPER ON PROTON - NUCLEUS COLLISONS. (open access)

WHITE PAPER ON PROTON - NUCLEUS COLLISONS.

The role of proton-nucleus (p-A) collisions in the study of strong interactions has a long history. It has been an important testing ground for QCD. At RHIC p-A studies have been recognized since the beginning as important elements of the program. These include so-called baseline measurements in cold nuclear matter, essential (along with p-p studies) to a systematic study of QCD at high temperatures and densities in the search for the quark gluon plasma. Also accessible is a study of QCD in the small x (parton saturation) regime, complementary to physics accessible in high-energy e-p and e-A collisions. The role of p-A physics at RHIC was reviewed and brought into sharp focus at a workshop conducted in October 2000 at BNL; the agenda is shown in Appendix 1. This document summarizes the case for p-A at RHIC during the period covered by the next Nuclear Physics Long Range Plan. In subsequent sections we cover the Physics Issues, Experiment Run Plans and Schedule, Detector Upgrade Issues, and Machine Issues & Upgrades.
Date: March 1, 2001
Creator: ARONSON,S.H. & PENG,J.C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Wigwam River Juvenile Bull Trout and Fish Habitat Monitoring Program : 2000 Data Report. (open access)

Wigwam River Juvenile Bull Trout and Fish Habitat Monitoring Program : 2000 Data Report.

The Wigwam River bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) and fish habitat monitoring program is a trans-boundary initiative implemented by the British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks (MOE), in cooperation with Bonneville Power Administration (BPA). The Wigwam River is an important fisheries stream located in southeastern British Columbia that supports healthy populations of both bull trout and Westslope cutthroat trout (Figure 1.1). This river has been characterized as the single most important bull trout spawning stream in the Kootenay Region (Baxter and Westover 2000, Cope 1998). In addition, the Wigwam River supports some of the largest Westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki lewisi) in the Kootenay Region. These fish are highly sought after by anglers (Westover 1999a, 1999b). Bull trout populations have declined in many areas of their range within Montana and throughout the northwest including British Columbia. Bull trout were blue listed as vulnerable in British Columbia by the B.C. Conservation Data Center (Cannings 1993) and although there are many healthy populations of bull trout in the East Kootenays they remain a species of special concern. Bull trout in the United States portion of the Columbia River were listed as threatened in 1998 under the Endangered Species Act by the ā€¦
Date: March 1, 2001
Creator: Cope, R. S. & Morris, K. J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Wind and Eddy-Related Circulation on the Louisiana/Texas Shelf and Slope Determined from Satellite and In-Situ Measurements: October 1993-August 1994 (open access)

Wind and Eddy-Related Circulation on the Louisiana/Texas Shelf and Slope Determined from Satellite and In-Situ Measurements: October 1993-August 1994

A report on the satellite measurements of the wind and eddy-related circulation on the Louisiana/Texas shelf and slope.
Date: March 2001
Creator: Walker, Nan D.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Winning, March 2001 (open access)

Winning, March 2001

Pamphlet containing information about Texas Lottery winners, scratch-off prizes, new games, and more.
Date: March 2001
Creator: Texas Lottery Commission
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Woman hands out certificates during ILD event]

Photograph of a woman handing out certificates during an Instructional Leadership Development (ILD) event hosted by UNT's Center for Public Service. The woman (right) can be seen standing across from a boy, looking down at a stack of certificates in her hands. She appears to be speaking. A young girl is sitting at a table across from her with her back turned to the camera, holding a certificate.
Date: March 2001
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Woman sits with boy during ILD event]

Photograph of a woman (left) sitting with a young boy (right) during an Instructional Leadership Development (ILD) event hosted by UNT's Center for Public Service. The pair can be seen sitting side by side in a lobby, facing to the right of the camera. The woman is looking down at an open book in her hands. A stack of paperwork can be seen inside of a second book on her lap. The boy is looking at the woman, and appears to be speaking. He is holding a magazine in both hands.
Date: March 2001
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Woman speaks to firefighter at ILD event]

Photograph of a woman (2nd right) speaking to a firefighter (right) during an Instructional Leadership Development (ILD) event hosted by UNT's Center for Public Service. The pair can be seen standing side by side in a park, facing to the left of the camera. The woman is holding a roll of paper towels and other items in her left hand, and pointing straight ahead of herself with her right. Two police officers on bicycles can be seen to the left, standing in front of a group of attendees who are conversing around a picnic table.
Date: March 2001
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Woman tutors young boy during ILD event, 1]

Photograph of a woman tutoring a young boy as part of an Instructional Leadership Development (ILD) program hosted by UNT's Center for Public Service. The woman (right) and the boy (left) can be seen sitting side by side, looking down at the desk in front of them. Two mirrored windows are visible along the wall behind them.
Date: March 2001
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Woman tutors young boy during ILD event, 2]

Photograph of a woman tutoring a young boy as part of an Instructional Leadership Development (ILD) program hosted by UNT's Center for Public Service. The woman (right) and the boy (left) can be seen sitting side by side at a desk, looking down at the book in front of them. The boy appears to be reading out loud.
Date: March 2001
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Woman tutors young girl during ILD event]

Photograph of a woman tutoring a young girl as part of an Instructional Leadership Development (ILD) program hosted by UNT's Center for Public Service. The woman (left) can be seen crouched down, looking back at the camera and smiling as the girl (right) reads from a book on the table in front of her.
Date: March 2001
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Women sit with toddler during ILD event, 1]

Photograph of two women sitting with a toddler during an Instructional Leadership Development (ILD) event hosted by UNT's Center for Public Service. The women can be seen sitting side by side on a sofa, smiling. The woman on the right is holding a baby boy in her lap as he heats tortilla chips.
Date: March 2001
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Women sit with toddler during ILD event, 2]

Photograph of three women and a toddler at an Instructional Leadership Development (ILD) event hosted by UNT's Center for Public Service. Two women can be seen sitting side by side, looking down at a baby girl standing to the left. The woman on the left is holding a children's book between herself and the baby. A third woman can be seen standing in the doorway behind them, smiling. A sign on the door reads, "Padres y NiƱos Que Leen Juntos Crecen Juntos [Parents and children who read together grow together]."
Date: March 2001
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Women sit with toddlers during ILD event, 1]

Photograph of a group of women with two toddlers during an Instructional Leadership Development (ILD) event hosted by UNT's Center for Public Service. Three women can be seen sitting side by side, looking down at a baby girl (left) and a baby boy (right). The girl is looking at a children's book being held by the woman on the left as the boy sits in front of three puzzles on the floor.
Date: March 2001
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Women sit with toddlers during ILD event, 2]

Photograph of a group of women with two toddlers during an Instructional Leadership Development (ILD) event hosted by UNT's Center for Public Service. Three women can be seen sitting side by side, facing a baby girl (left) and a baby boy (right) who are standing across from them. The woman on the left is holding a children's book out for the girl to read. A fourth woman can be seen standing in the doorway behind them. A sign on the door reads, "Padres y NiƱos Que Leen Juntos Crecen Juntos [Parents and children who read together grow together]."
Date: March 2001
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Women sort through certificates at ILD event]

Photograph of two women sorting through certificates at an Instructional Leadership Development (ILD) event hosted by UNT's Center for Public Service. The women can be seen standing across from each other in the grass surrounding an outdoor basketball court, looking down at a stack of certificates being held by the woman on the left. The woman on the right is taking a certificate from the stack and smiling.
Date: March 2001
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Women speak at ILD event]

Photograph of two women speaking at an Instructional Leadership Development (ILD) event hosted by UNT's Center for Public Service. The women can be seen standing side by side in a park, facing to the left of the camera. They are each holding a stack of papers. Three attendees can be seen sitting at a picnic bench on the left side of the photograph, facing the women.
Date: March 2001
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library
Worker Safety and Health Issues Associated with the DOE Environmental Cleanup Program: Insights From the DOE Laboratory Directors' Environmental and Occupational/Public health Standards Steering Group (open access)

Worker Safety and Health Issues Associated with the DOE Environmental Cleanup Program: Insights From the DOE Laboratory Directors' Environmental and Occupational/Public health Standards Steering Group

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Laboratory Directors' Environmental and Occupational/Public Health Standards Steering Group (or ''SSG'') was formed in 1990. It was felt then that ''risk'' could be an organizing principle for environmental cleanup and that risk-based cleanup standards could rationalize clean up work. The environmental remediation process puts workers engaged in cleanup activities at risk from hazardous materials and from the more usual hazards associated with construction activities. In a real sense, the site remediation process involves the transfer of a hypothetical risk to the environment and the public from isolated contamination into real risks to the workers engaged in the remediation activities. Late in its existence the SSG, primarily motivated by its LANL representative, Dr. Harry Ettinger, actively investigated issues associated with worker health and safety during environmental remediation activities. This paper summarizes the insights noted by the SSG. Most continue to be pertinent today.
Date: March 1, 2001
Creator: Edelson, M. C.; Morris, Samuel C. & Daisey, Joan M.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Wynnewood Gazette (Wynnewood, Okla.), Vol. 98, No. 48, Ed. 1 Thursday, March 1, 2001 (open access)

The Wynnewood Gazette (Wynnewood, Okla.), Vol. 98, No. 48, Ed. 1 Thursday, March 1, 2001

Weekly newspaper from Wynnewood, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: March 1, 2001
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History