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Navy Virginia (SSN-774) Class Attack Submarine Procurement: Background and Issues for Congress (open access)

Navy Virginia (SSN-774) Class Attack Submarine Procurement: Background and Issues for Congress

This report provides background information and issues for Congress on the Virginia-class nuclear-powered attack submarine (SSN) program. The Navy's proposed FY2014 budget requests $5,285.3 million in procurement and advance procurement (AP) funding for the program. Decisions that Congress makes on procurement of Virginia-class boats could substantially affect U.S. Navy capabilities and funding requirements, and the U.S. shipbuilding industrial base.
Date: March 24, 2014
Creator: O'Rourke, Ronald
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Mixed-Oxide Fuel Fabrication Plant and Plutonium Disposition: Management and Policy Issues (open access)

Mixed-Oxide Fuel Fabrication Plant and Plutonium Disposition: Management and Policy Issues

This report discusses the control of surplus nuclear weapons material that became an urgent U.S. foreign policy goal with the end of the Cold War and breakup of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s.
Date: March 28, 2014
Creator: Holt, Mark & Nikitin, Mary Beth D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Free Exercise of Religion by Secular Organizations and Their Owners: Implications for the Affordable Care Act (ACA) (open access)

Free Exercise of Religion by Secular Organizations and Their Owners: Implications for the Affordable Care Act (ACA)

This report examines the constitutional and statutory protections related to free exercise of religion, including current Supreme Court interpretations, as well as judicial and legislative avoidance of defining the parameters of religious belief. It also discusses significant examples of existing religious exemptions in current law, such as employment nondiscrimination, health care, and public accommodations law. Finally, it analyzes recent federal judicial decisions that have considered the religious freedom rights of commercial entities whose owners have religious objections to the contraceptive coverage requirement.
Date: March 21, 2014
Creator: Brougher, Cynthia
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Considering Legislation on the House Floor: Common Practices in Brief (open access)

Considering Legislation on the House Floor: Common Practices in Brief

This report provides a brief overview that describes the most common ways legislation is considered on the House floor, the types of questions most likely to be voted on, and the opportunities for legislative debate that are most frequently used by Members.
Date: March 14, 2014
Creator: Rybicki, Elizabeth
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Navy Ford (CVN-78) Class Aircraft Carrier Program: Background and Issues for Congress (open access)

Navy Ford (CVN-78) Class Aircraft Carrier Program: Background and Issues for Congress

This report provides background information and potential oversight issues for Congress on the Gerald R. Ford (CVN-78) class aircraft carrier program. Congress's decisions on the CVN-78 program could substantially affect Navy capabilities and funding requirements and the shipbuilding industrial base.
Date: March 26, 2014
Creator: O'Rourke, Ronald
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Reform of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Courts: Introducing a Public Advocate (open access)

Reform of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Courts: Introducing a Public Advocate

This report explores all of these difficult constitutional issues prompted by the idea of making Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (FISA) court proceedings more adversarial. It includes background on public advocates, their roles and appointment, and Article III issues raised by a FISA public advocate.
Date: March 21, 2014
Creator: Nolan, Andrew; Thompson, Richard M., II & Chu, Vivian S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
In Brief: U.S. Nuclear Weapon "Pit" Production: Background and Options (open access)

In Brief: U.S. Nuclear Weapon "Pit" Production: Background and Options

This report discusses background on nuclear weapon pit production, pit fabrication options, analytical chemistry options, and related questions for Congress. It shows that many options are available for making 80 pits per year (ppy), but it cannot determine which, if any, could support that capacity because data do not exist on how much MAR and space are needed for AC and pit fabrication for 80 ppy.
Date: March 20, 2014
Creator: Medalia, Jonathan E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Central Asia: Regional Developments and Implications for U.S. Interests (open access)

Central Asia: Regional Developments and Implications for U.S. Interests

This report discusses the current status of Central Asian states and U.S. policy, which has been aimed at facilitating their cooperation with U.S. and NATO stabilization efforts in Afghanistan and their efforts to combat terrorism, proliferation, and trafficking in arms, drugs, and persons.
Date: March 21, 2014
Creator: Nichol, Jim
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Maritime Territorial and Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) Disputes Involving China: Issues for Congress (open access)

Maritime Territorial and Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) Disputes Involving China: Issues for Congress

This report presents policy and oversight issues for Congress arising from maritime territorial disputes involving China in the South China Sea (SCS), East China Sea (ECS), and an additional dispute over whether China has a right under international law to regulate U.S. and other foreign military activities in its maritime Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ).
Date: March 14, 2014
Creator: O'Rourke, Ronald
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
What Is the Farm Bill? (open access)

What Is the Farm Bill?

This report describes the Farm Bill (P.L. 110-246, Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008), which was enacted into law on June 18, 2008.
Date: March 12, 2014
Creator: Johnson, Renée
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
S. 1961 and H.R. 4024: Legislative Responses to a Chemical Storage Facility Spill (open access)

S. 1961 and H.R. 4024: Legislative Responses to a Chemical Storage Facility Spill

This report describes and analyzes the Chemical Safety and Preparedness Act and H.R. 4024, the Ensuring Access to Clean Water Act of 2014.
Date: March 26, 2014
Creator: Copeland, Claudia & Tiemann, Mary
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Energy-Water Nexus: The Water Sector's Energy Use (open access)

Energy-Water Nexus: The Water Sector's Energy Use

This report provides background on energy for facilities that treat and deliver water to end users and also dispose of and discharge wastewater. This report first discusses water-related energy use broadly and then energy for facilities that treat and deliver water to end users and also dispose of and discharge wastewater.
Date: March 24, 2014
Creator: Copeland, Claudia
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library

The University of North Texas (UNT) Digital Library: Leveraging Digital Library Infrastructure to Support a Modern Research Library

Presentation given at the University of Florida on the University of North Texas (UNT) Digital Library and leveraging digital library infrastructure to support a modern research library.
Date: March 17, 2014
Creator: Phillips, Mark Edward
Object Type: Presentation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Dominican Republic: Background and U.S. Relations (open access)

Dominican Republic: Background and U.S. Relations

This report provides background information on political and economic conditions in the Dominican Republic, as well as an overview of some of the key issues in U.S.-Dominican relations
Date: March 21, 2014
Creator: Ribando Seelke, Clare
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Defense Authorization and Appropriations Bills: FY1970-FY2014 (open access)

Defense Authorization and Appropriations Bills: FY1970-FY2014

This report is a research aid, which lists the Department Of Defense authorization bills and appropriations bills for FY1970-FY2011. It includes key definitions and all the pertinent information on the passage of these bills through the legislative process: bill numbers, report numbers, dates reported and passed, recorded vote numbers and vote tallies, dates of passage of the conference reports with their numbers and votes, vetoes, substitutions, dates of final passage, and public law numbers.
Date: March 27, 2014
Creator: DeBruyne, Nese F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Latin America and the Caribbean: Fact Sheet on Leaders and Elections (open access)

Latin America and the Caribbean: Fact Sheet on Leaders and Elections

This report provides the results of recent elections in Latin America and the Caribbean. It contains three tables organized by region that list the date of each country's independence, the name of the newly elected president or prime minister, and the projected date of the next election. Information in this report was gathered from numerous sources, including the U.S. State Department, the CIA's Open Source, the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), and other news sources.
Date: March 21, 2014
Creator: Torreon, Barbara Salazar
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
What's the Difference?--Comparing U.S. and Chinese Trade Data (open access)

What's the Difference?--Comparing U.S. and Chinese Trade Data

This report discusses the size of the U.S. bilateral trade deficit with China that continues to be an important issue in bilateral trade relations.
Date: March 31, 2014
Creator: Martin, Michael F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Bahrain: Reform, Security, and U.S. Policy (open access)

Bahrain: Reform, Security, and U.S. Policy

This report discusses the current state of Bahrain, which has undergone substantial political reforms since the late 1990s, but which still suffers from tension between the Shiite majority and the Sunni-led government. It focuses particularly on Bahrain's relationship with Iran and with the United States.
Date: March 24, 2014
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Small Business Management and Technical Assistance Training Programs (open access)

Small Business Management and Technical Assistance Training Programs

This report examines the historical development of federal small business management and technical assistance training programs; describes their current structures, operations, and budgets; and assesses their administration and oversight and the measures used to determine their effectiveness. It also discusses several bills introduced during the 111th and 112th Congresses that would have authorized changes to the SBA's management and technical assistance training programs in an effort to improve their performance and oversight.
Date: March 24, 2014
Creator: Dilger, Robert Jay
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Large Partnerships: Characteristics of Population and IRS Audits (open access)

Large Partnerships: Characteristics of Population and IRS Audits

Correspondence issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "This report provides data on the number and characteristics of large partnerships as well as Internal Revenue Service (IRS) audits of large partnership returns. For purposes of this report, GAO did not identify a statutory, IRS, or industry-accepted definition of a large partnership. Instead, GAO used a combination of criteria for partner size and asset size used by IRS to define large partnerships as those that reported having 100 or more direct partners and $100 million or more in assets. The number of large partnerships increased from 720 in tax year 2002 to 2,226 in tax year 2011. Large partnerships also increased in terms of the average number of direct partners and average asset size. IRS had data on two categories of large partnership return audits. First, the number of completed field audits of large partnership returns increased from 11 in fiscal year 2007 to 31 in fiscal year 2013. Second, IRS counted audits closed through its campus function, which increased from 42 to 143 over the same period. Unlike field audits, campus function audits generally do not entail a review of the books and records of the …
Date: March 19, 2014
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
International Food Aid: Prepositioning Speeds Delivery of Emergency Aid, but Additional Monitoring of Time Frames and Costs Is Needed (open access)

International Food Aid: Prepositioning Speeds Delivery of Emergency Aid, but Additional Monitoring of Time Frames and Costs Is Needed

A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) reduces the average delivery time frame for emergency food aid by prepositioning food domestically—that is, in warehouses in the United States—and overseas. GAO estimates that compared with USAID's standard shipping process, which can take several months, prepositioning food aid shortened delivery time frames by an average of almost a month for shipments to the World Food Program (WFP). GAO also estimates that prepositioning shortened delivery time frames by an average of more than 2 months for other organizations—“cooperating sponsors”—that receive USAID grants. In addition, USAID reduces delivery time frames when it diverts shipments en route to overseas prepositioning warehouses to areas with immediate needs. For all cooperating sponsors, GAO estimates that diversions saved, on average, about 2 months."
Date: March 5, 2014
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Defense Health Care: Acquisition Process for TRICARE's Third Generation of Managed Care Support Contracts (open access)

Defense Health Care: Acquisition Process for TRICARE's Third Generation of Managed Care Support Contracts

A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The TRICARE Management Activity (TMA) within the Department of Defense (DOD) used the acquisition process prescribed by federal regulations to acquire health care services for the TRICARE Program through the third generation of TRICARE's managed care support contracts (MCSC). This process included a three-phased contract award process outlined in the figure below."
Date: March 7, 2014
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Whistleblower Protection Program: Opportunities Exist for OSHA and DOT to Strengthen Collaborative Mechanisms (open access)

Whistleblower Protection Program: Opportunities Exist for OSHA and DOT to Strengthen Collaborative Mechanisms

A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has taken steps to include auto industry employees in its Whistleblower Protection Program and has coordinated with the Department of Transportation (DOT) on whistleblower issues, but interagency collaborative mechanisms could be strengthened. Among other steps, OSHA is developing procedures for how it will investigate claims from auto employees and estimates most of its efforts will be completed in 2014. OSHA documents its collaboration with DOT's component agencies on whistleblower protections by developing memorandums of agreements (MOA), and currently MOAs cover aviation and rail employees; the agencies are considering developing MOAs to cover other transportation sectors such as commercial motor-carrier employees. Officials from both OSHA and DOT believe it is important to identify or refer potential claims of retaliation and safety violations to each other. In September 2012, GAO concluded that collaboration is critical when meaningful results that the federal government seeks to achieve require the coordinated efforts of more than one federal agency. Among others, key practices of effective collaboration include clearly delineating roles and responsibilities and monitoring progress. OSHA and DOT officials agree that following GAO's key practices …
Date: March 19, 2014
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Critical Infrastructure Protection: Observations on Key Factors in DHS's Implementation of Its Partnership Approach (open access)

Critical Infrastructure Protection: Observations on Key Factors in DHS's Implementation of Its Partnership Approach

Testimony issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "GAO's prior work has identified several key factors that are important for the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to implement its partnership approach with industry to protect critical infrastructure. DHS has made some progress in implementing its partnership approach, but has also experienced challenges coordinating with industry partners that own most of the critical infrastructure."
Date: March 26, 2014
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library