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Bacterial diversity analysis of Huanglongbing pathogen-infected citrus, using PhyloChip and 16S rRNA gene clone library sequencing (open access)

Bacterial diversity analysis of Huanglongbing pathogen-infected citrus, using PhyloChip and 16S rRNA gene clone library sequencing

The bacterial diversity associated with citrus leaf midribs was characterized 1 from citrus groves that contained the Huanglongbing (HLB) pathogen, which has yet to be cultivated in vitro. We employed a combination of high-density phylogenetic 16S rDNA microarray and 16S rDNA clone library sequencing to determine the microbial community composition of symptomatic and asymptomatic citrus midribs. Our results revealed that citrus leaf midribs can support a diversity of microbes. PhyloChip analysis indicated that 47 orders of bacteria from 15 phyla were present in the citrus leaf midribs while 20 orders from phyla were observed with the cloning and sequencing method. PhyloChip arrays indicated that nine taxa were significantly more abundant in symptomatic midribs compared to asymptomatic midribs. Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las) was detected at a very low level in asymptomatic plants, but was over 200 times more abundant in symptomatic plants. The PhyloChip analysis was further verified by sequencing 16S rDNA clone libraries, which indicated the dominance of Las in symptomatic leaves. These data implicate Las as the pathogen responsible for HLB disease. Citrus is the most important commercial fruit crop in Florida. In recent years, citrus Huanglongbing (HLB), also called citrus greening, has severely affected Florida's citrus production and …
Date: March 1, 2009
Creator: Shankar Sagaram, U.; DeAngelis, K.M.; Trivedi, P.; Andersen, G.L.; Lu, S.-E. & Wang, N.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 89, No. 59, Ed. 1 Sunday, March 1, 2009 (open access)

The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 89, No. 59, Ed. 1 Sunday, March 1, 2009

Daily newspaper from Baytown, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: March 1, 2009
Creator: Clements, Clifford E.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Bioaccumulation Potential Of Air Contaminants: Combining Biological Allometry, Chemical Equilibrium And Mass-Balances To Predict Accumulation Of Air Pollutants In Various Mammals (open access)

Bioaccumulation Potential Of Air Contaminants: Combining Biological Allometry, Chemical Equilibrium And Mass-Balances To Predict Accumulation Of Air Pollutants In Various Mammals

In the present study we develop and test a uniform model intended for single compartment analysis in the context of human and environmental risk assessment of airborne contaminants. The new aspects of the model are the integration of biological allometry with fugacity-based mass-balance theory to describe exchange of contaminants with air. The developed model is applicable to various mammalian species and a range of chemicals, while requiring few and typically well-known input parameters, such as the adult mass and composition of the species, and the octanol-water and air-water partition coefficient of the chemical. Accumulation of organic chemicals is typically considered to be a function of the chemical affinity forlipid components in tissues. Here, we use a generic description of chemical affinity for neutral and polar lipids and proteins to estimate blood-air partition coefficients (Kba) and tissue-air partition coefficients (Kta) for various mammals. This provides a more accurate prediction of blood-air partition coefficients, as proteins make up a large fraction of total blood components. The results show that 75percent of the modeled inhalation and exhalation rate constants are within a factor of 2 from independent empirical values for humans, rats and mice, and 87percent of the predicted blood-air partition coefficients are …
Date: March 1, 2009
Creator: Veltman, Karin; McKone, Thomas E.; Huijbregts, Mark A.J. & Hendriks, A. Jan
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Border Business Indicators, Volume 33, Number 3, March 2009 (open access)

Border Business Indicators, Volume 33, Number 3, March 2009

Monthly publication documenting statistics related to economic information in the Mexico-Texas border areas including types of border crossings, employment, customs revenues, and other related data.
Date: March 2009
Creator: Texas Center for Border Economic and Enterprise Development
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Business Card for Heidi Kluber] (open access)

[Business Card for Heidi Kluber]

Business card for Heidi Kluber, Administrative Assistant Legislative Aide for Leticia Van de Putte. On the back of the card is a website link.
Date: March 2009
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
[Capitol Complex Guide] (open access)

[Capitol Complex Guide]

A printed guide to the Capitol Complex that includes a map, a key, and several detailed breakdowns of each floor in the Capitol Building.
Date: March 2009
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Carbon Characterization Laboratory Report (open access)

Carbon Characterization Laboratory Report

The newly completed Idaho National Laboratory (INL) Carbon Characterization Laboratory (CCL) is located in Lab-C20 of the Idaho National Laboratory Research Center. This laboratory was established under the Next Generation Nuclear Plant (NGNP) Project to support graphite research and development activities. The CCL is designed to characterize and test carbon-based materials such as graphite, carbon-carbon composites, and silicon-carbide composite materials. The laboratory is fully prepared to measure material properties for nonirradiated carbon-based materials. Plans to establish the laboratory as a radiological facility within the next year are definitive. This laboratory will be modified to accommodate irradiated materials, after which it can be used to perform material property measurements on both irradiated and nonirradiated carbon-based material. Instruments, fixtures, and methods are in place for preirradiation measurements of bulk density, thermal diffusivity, coefficient of thermal expansion, elastic modulus, Young’s modulus, Shear modulus, Poisson ratio, and electrical resistivity. The measurement protocol consists of functional validation, calibration, and automated data acquisition.
Date: March 1, 2009
Creator: Swank, David; Windes, William; Haggard, D. C.; Rohrbaugh, David. & Moore, Karen.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A case study on the influence of THM coupling on the near field safety of a spent fuel repository in sparsely fractured granite (open access)

A case study on the influence of THM coupling on the near field safety of a spent fuel repository in sparsely fractured granite

In order to demonstrate the feasibility of geological disposal of spent CANDU fuel in Canada, a safety assessment was performed for a hypothetical repository in the Canadian Shield. The assessment shows that such repository would meet international criteria for dose rate; however, uncertainties in the assumed evolution of the repository were identified. Such uncertainties could be resolved by the consideration of coupled Thermal-Hydro-Mechanical-Chemical (THMC) processes. In Task A of the DECOVALEX-THMC project, THM models were developed within the framework of the theory of poroelasticity. Such model development was performed in an iterative manner, using experimental data from laboratory and field tests. The models were used to perform near-field simulations of the evolution of the repository in order to address the above uncertainties. This paper presents the definition and rationale of task A and the results of the simulations. From a repository safety point of view, the simulations predict that the maximum temperature would be well below the design target of 100 C, however the load on the container can marginally exceed the design value of 15 MPa. However, the most important finding from the simulations is that a rock damage zone could form around the emplacement borehole. Such damage zone …
Date: March 1, 2009
Creator: Nguyen, T. S.; Borgesson, L.; Chijimatsu, M.; Hernelind, J.; Jing, L.; Kobayashi, A. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Changes in the peripheral blood transcriptome associated with occupational benzene exposure identified by cross-comparison on two microarray platforms (open access)

Changes in the peripheral blood transcriptome associated with occupational benzene exposure identified by cross-comparison on two microarray platforms

Benzene is an established cause of leukemia and a possible cause of lymphoma in humans but the molecular pathways underlying this remain largely undetermined. This study sought to determine if the use of two different microarray platforms could identify robust global gene expression and pathway changes associated with occupational benzene exposure in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) gene expression of a population of shoe-factory workers with well-characterized occupational exposures to benzene. Microarray data was analyzed by a robust t-test using a Quantile Transformation (QT) approach. Differential expression of 2692 genes using the Affymetrix platform and 1828 genes using the Illumina platform was found. While the overall concordance in genes identified as significantly associated with benzene exposure between the two platforms was 26% (475 genes), the most significant genes identified by either array were more likely to be ranked as significant by the other platform (Illumina = 64%, Affymetrix = 58%). Expression ratios were similar among the concordant genes (mean difference in expression ratio = 0.04, standard deviation = 0.17). Four genes (CXCL16, ZNF331, JUN and PF4), which we previously identified by microarray and confirmed by real-time PCR, were identified by both platforms in the current study and were among …
Date: March 1, 2009
Creator: McHale, Cliona M.; Zhang, Luoping; Lan, Qing; Li, Guilan; Hubbard, Alan E.; Forrest, Matthew S. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Characterization of the Microstructure of Irradiated U-Mo Dispersion Fuel with a Matrix that Contains Si (open access)

Characterization of the Microstructure of Irradiated U-Mo Dispersion Fuel with a Matrix that Contains Si

RERTR U-Mo dispersion fuel plates are being developed for application in research reactors throughout the world. Of particular interest is the irradiation performance of U-Mo dispersion fuels with Si added to the Al matrix. Si is added to improve the performance of U-Mo dispersion fuels. Microstructural examinations have been performed on fuel plates with Al-2Si matrix after irradiation to around 50% LEU burnup. Si-rich layers were observed in many areas around the various U-7Mo fuel particles. In one local area of one of the samples, where the Si-rich layer had developed into a layer devoid of Si, relatively large fission gas bubbles were observed in the interaction phase. There may be a connection between the growth of these bubbles and the amount of Si present in the interaction layer. Overall, it was found that having Si-rich layers around the fuel particles after fuel plate fabrication positively impacted the overall performance of the fuel plate.
Date: March 1, 2009
Creator: Keiser, D. D. Jr.; Robinson, A. B.; Jue, J. F.; Medvedev, P. & Finlay, M. R.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Characterizing soil preferential flow using iodine--starch staining experiments and the active region model (open access)

Characterizing soil preferential flow using iodine--starch staining experiments and the active region model

Thirteen iodine-starch staining experiments with different boundary conditions and measurement scales were conducted at two sites to study preferential flow processes in natural unsaturated soils. Digital imaging analyses were implemented to obtain the corresponding preferential flow patterns. The test results are used to evaluate a recently proposed active region model in terms of its usefulness and robustness for characterizing unsaturated flow processes at field scale. Test results provide useful insights into flow patterns in unsaturated soils. They show that flow pattern depends on the top boundary condition. As the total infiltrating-water depth increased form 20 mm to 80 mm for the 100 x 100 cm{sup 2} plots, the corresponding flow pattern changed from few preferential flow paths associated with a relatively small degree of stained coverage and a small infiltration depth, to a pattern characterized by a higher stained coverage and a larger infiltration depth, and to (finally) a relatively homogeneous flow pattern with few unstained area and a much larger infiltration depth. Test results also show that the preferential flow pattern became generally more heterogeneous and complex for a larger measurement scale (or size of infiltration plot). These observations support the general idea behind the active region model that …
Date: March 1, 2009
Creator: Sheng, Feng; Wang, Kang; Zhang, Renduo & Liu, Hui-Hai
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
CKow -- A More Transparent and Reliable Model for Chemical Transfer to Meat and Milk (open access)

CKow -- A More Transparent and Reliable Model for Chemical Transfer to Meat and Milk

The objective of this study is to increase the understanding and transparency of chemical biotransfer modeling into meat and milk and explicitly confront the uncertainties in exposure assessments of chemicals that require such estimates. In cumulative exposure assessments that include food pathways, much of the overall uncertainty is attributable to the estimation of transfer into biota and through food webs. Currently, the most commonly used meat and milk-biotransfer models date back two decades and, in spite of their widespread use in multimedia exposure models few attempts have been made to advance or improve the outdated and highly uncertain Kow regressions used in these models. Furthermore, in the range of Kow where meat and milk become the dominant human exposure pathways, these models often provide unrealistic rates and do not reflect properly the transfer dynamics. To address these issues, we developed a dynamic three-compartment cow model (called CKow), distinguishing lactating and non-lactating cows. For chemicals without available overall removal rates in the cow, a correlation is derived from measured values reported in the literature to predict this parameter from Kow. Results on carry over rates (COR) and biotransfer factors (BTF) demonstrate that a steady-state ratio between animal intake and meat concentrations …
Date: March 1, 2009
Creator: Rosenbaum, Ralph K.; McKone, Thomas E. & Jolliet, Olivier
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Climate Literacy: Essential Principles of Climate Science (open access)

Climate Literacy: Essential Principles of Climate Science

The Unites States Global Change Research Program produced this guide to present information deemed important to understand the Earth's climate and the effects of climate change.
Date: March 2009
Creator: U.S. Global Change Research Program
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Climate Literacy: The Essential Principles of Climate Science (open access)

Climate Literacy: The Essential Principles of Climate Science

This report presents information that is deemed important for individuals and communities to know and understand about the Earth's climate, impacts of climate change, and approaches to adaptation or mitigation.
Date: March 2009
Creator: United States. Global Change Research Group.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Climate Literacy: The Essential Principles of Climate Science (open access)

Climate Literacy: The Essential Principles of Climate Science

This guide aims to help individuals and communities know and understand Earth’s climate, the impacts of climate change, and approaches to adaptation or mitigation. The guide aims to promote greater climate science literacy by providing an educational framework of principles and concepts. The guide can serve educators who teach climate science as a way to meet content standards in their science curricula.
Date: March 2009
Creator: U.S Climate Change Science Program
Object Type: Book
System: The UNT Digital Library
Clinical Observations of Ocular Disease in Hawaiian Monk Seals (Monachus schauinslandi) (open access)

Clinical Observations of Ocular Disease in Hawaiian Monk Seals (Monachus schauinslandi)

From abstract: In 1995, 12 undersized, weaned female Hawaiian monk seal pups were captured at French Frigate Shoals in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands... Eleven of the pups developed clinical signs of an eye disease between 12 and 46 days after capture... The cause of the eye disease and the site where it originated remain unknown.
Date: March 2009
Creator: Hanson, Mark T.; Aguirre, A. Alonso & Braun, Robert C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Closure Report for Corrective Action Unit 130: Storage Tanks Nevada Test Site, Nevada, Revision 0 (open access)

Closure Report for Corrective Action Unit 130: Storage Tanks Nevada Test Site, Nevada, Revision 0

This Closure Report (CR) presents information supporting the closure of Corrective Action Unit (CAU) 130: Storage Tanks, Nevada Test Site, Nevada. This CR complies with the requirements of the Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order that was agreed to by the State of Nevada; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Environmental Management; U.S. Department of Defense; and DOE, Legacy Management. The corrective action sites (CASs) within CAU 130 are located within Areas 1, 7, 10, 20, 22, and 23 of the Nevada Test Site. Corrective Action Unit 130 is comprised of the following CASs: • 01-02-01, Underground Storage Tank • 07-02-01, Underground Storage Tanks • 10-02-01, Underground Storage Tank • 20-02-03, Underground Storage Tank • 20-99-05, Tar Residue • 22-02-02, Buried UST Piping • 23-02-07, Underground Storage Tank This CR provides documentation supporting the completed corrective action investigations and provides data confirming that the closure objectives for CASs within CAU 130 were met. To achieve this, the following actions were performed: • Reviewed the current site conditions, including the concentration and extent of contamination. • Implemented any corrective actions necessary to protect human health and the environment. • Properly disposed of corrective action and investigation-derived wastes. From August 4 through September …
Date: March 1, 2009
Creator: Wickline, Alfred
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Cold Crucible Induction Melter Testing at The Idaho National Laboratory for the Advanced Remediation Technologies Program (open access)

Cold Crucible Induction Melter Testing at The Idaho National Laboratory for the Advanced Remediation Technologies Program

AREVA Federal Services (AFS) is performing a multi-year, multi-phase Advanced Remediation Technologies (ART) project, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), to evaluate the feasibility and benefits of replacing the existing joule-heated melter (JHM) used to treat high level waste (HLW) in the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) at the Savannah River Site with a cold crucible induction melter (CCIM). The AFS ART CCIM project includes several collaborators from AREVA subsidiaries, French companies, and DOE national laboratories. The Savannah River National Laboratory and the Commissariat a l’Energie Atomique (CEA) have performed laboratory-scale studies and testing to determine a suitable, high-waste-loading glass matrix. The Idaho National Laboratory (INL) and CEA are performing CCIM demonstrations at two different pilot scales to assess CCIM design and operation for treating SRS sludge wastes that are currently being treated in the DWPF. SGN is performing engineering studies to validate the feasibility of retrofitting CCIM technology into the DWPF Melter Cell. The long-term project plan includes more lab-testing, pilot- and large-scale demonstrations, and engineering activities to be performed during subsequent project phases. This paper provides preliminary results of tests using the engineering-scale CCIM test system located at the INL. The CCIM test system was operated …
Date: March 1, 2009
Creator: Roach, Jay; Soelberg, Nick; Ancho, Mike; Tchemitcheff, Eric & Richardson, John
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Comparative Review of a Dozen National Energy Plans: Focus on Renewable and Efficient Energy (open access)

Comparative Review of a Dozen National Energy Plans: Focus on Renewable and Efficient Energy

Dozens of groups have submitted energy, environmental, and economic recovery plans for consideration by the Obama administration and the 111th Congress. This report provides a comparative analysis of 12 national proposals, focusing especially on energy efficiency (EE) and renewable energy (RE) market and policy issues.
Date: March 1, 2009
Creator: Logan, J. & James, T. L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Comparison of Historical Satellite-Based Estimates of Solar Radiation Resources with Recent Rotating Shadowband Radiometer Measurements: Preprint (open access)

Comparison of Historical Satellite-Based Estimates of Solar Radiation Resources with Recent Rotating Shadowband Radiometer Measurements: Preprint

The availability of rotating shadow band radiometer measurement data at several new stations provides an opportunity to compare historical satellite-based estimates of solar resources with measurements. We compare mean monthly daily total (MMDT) solar radiation data from eight years of NSRDB and 22 years of NASA hourly global horizontal and direct beam solar estimates with measured data from three stations, collected after the end of the available resource estimates.
Date: March 1, 2009
Creator: Myers, D. R.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Complications Associated with Long-Term Disposition of Newly-Generated Transuranic Waste: A National Laboratory Perspective (open access)

Complications Associated with Long-Term Disposition of Newly-Generated Transuranic Waste: A National Laboratory Perspective

The Idaho National Laboratory (INL) is a multipurpose national laboratory delivering specialized science and engineering solutions for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Sponsorship of INL was formally transferred to the DOE Office of Nuclear Energy, Science and Technology (NE) by Secretary Spencer Abraham in July 2002. The move to NE, and designation as the DOE lead nuclear energy laboratory for reactor technology, supports the nation’s expanding nuclear energy initiatives, placing INL at the center of work to develop advanced Generation IV nuclear energy systems; nuclear energy/hydrogen coproduction technology; advanced nuclear energy fuel cycle technologies; and providing national security answers to national infrastructure needs. As a result of the Laboratory’s NE mission, INL generates both contact-handled and remote-handled transuranic (TRU) waste from ongoing operations. Generation rates are relatively small and fluctuate based on specific programs and project activities being conducted; however, the Laboratory will continue to generate TRU waste well into the future in association with the NE mission. Currently, plans and capabilities are being established to transfer INL’s contact-handled TRU waste to the Advanced Mixed Waste Treatment Plant (AMWTP) for certification and disposal to the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP). Remote-handled TRU waste is currently placed in storage at …
Date: March 1, 2009
Creator: Orchard, B. J.; Harvego, L. A.; Carlson, T. L. & Grant, R. P.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Computational algebraic geometry for statistical modeling FY09Q2 progress. (open access)

Computational algebraic geometry for statistical modeling FY09Q2 progress.

This is a progress report on polynomial system solving for statistical modeling. This is a progress report on polynomial system solving for statistical modeling. This quarter we have developed our first model of shock response data and an algorithm for identifying the chamber cone containing a polynomial system in n variables with n+k terms within polynomial time - a significant improvement over previous algorithms, all having exponential worst-case complexity. We have implemented and verified the chamber cone algorithm for n+3 and are working to extend the implementation to handle arbitrary k. Later sections of this report explain chamber cones in more detail; the next section provides an overview of the project and how the current progress fits into it.
Date: March 1, 2009
Creator: Thompson, David C.; Rojas, Joseph Maurice & Pebay, Philippe Pierre
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
[Conference Registration Form for Jodie Eldridge] (open access)

[Conference Registration Form for Jodie Eldridge]

Registration form filled out by Jodie Eldridge for the Texas Stonewall Democratic Caucus Statewide Conference in Austin.
Date: March 1, 2009
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Controlled Hydrogen Fleet and Infrastructure Demonstration and Validation Project: Spring 2009; Composite Data Products, Final Version March 19, 2009 (open access)

Controlled Hydrogen Fleet and Infrastructure Demonstration and Validation Project: Spring 2009; Composite Data Products, Final Version March 19, 2009

Graphs of composite data products produced by DOE's Controlled Hydrogen Fleet and Infrastructure Demonstration and Validation project through March 2009.
Date: March 1, 2009
Creator: Wipke, K.; Sprik, S.; Kurtz, J. & Ramsden, T.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library