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Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy: a computer controlled, scanning monochromator system for the rapid determination of the elements (open access)

Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy: a computer controlled, scanning monochromator system for the rapid determination of the elements

A computer controlled, scanning monochromator system specifically designed for the rapid, sequential determination of the elements is described. The monochromator is combined with an inductively coupled plasma excitation source so that elements at major, minor, trace, and ultratrace levels may be determined, in sequence, without changing experimental parameters other than the spectral line observed. A number of distinctive features not found in previously described versions are incorporated into the system here described. Performance characteristics of the entire system and several analytical applications are discussed.
Date: March 1, 1980
Creator: Floyd, M. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Assessment of the risk of transporting liquid chlorine by rail (open access)

Assessment of the risk of transporting liquid chlorine by rail

This report presents the risk of shipping liquid chlorine by rail. While chlorine is not an energy material, there are several benefits to studying chlorine transportation risks. First, chlorine, like energy materials, is widely used as a feedstock to industry. Second, it is the major purification agent in municipal water treatment systems and therefore, provides direct benefits to the public. Finally, other risk assessments have been completed for liquid chlorine shipments in the US and Europe, which provide a basis for comparison with this study. None of the previous PNL energy material risk assessments have had other studies for comparison. For these reasons, it was felt that a risk assessment of chlorine transportation by rail could provide information on chlorine risk levels, identify ways to reduce these risks and use previous studies on chlorine risks to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the PNL risk assessment methodology. The risk assessment methodology used in this study is summarized. The methodology is presented in the form of a risk assessment model which is constructed for ease of periodic updating of the data base so that the risk may be reevaluated as additional data become available. The report is sectioned to correspond to …
Date: March 1, 1980
Creator: Andrews, W.B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Microwave longitudinal coupling impedance in ISABELLE vacuum chamber (open access)

Microwave longitudinal coupling impedance in ISABELLE vacuum chamber

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the modes above the cutoff frequency of the ISABELLE vacuum chamber, and to measure some typical values of the longitudinal coupling impedance. (The investigation was limited to only those modes that have fields in the beam pipe.) Measurements show that the impedance, Z, between 2.6 and 2.8 GHz, can be as high as 10 x n ohms, where n is the ratio of the excitation frequency of the beam divided by the fundamental rotational frequency of the ISABELLE ring. Future work calls for an investigation of the coupling impedance above 2.8 GHz; preliminary work indicates that these impedances Z/n, can be considerably higher than 10 ohms.
Date: March 1, 1980
Creator: Giordano, S. & Votruba, J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
OTEC-1 Power System Test Program: test plan for first deployment (open access)

OTEC-1 Power System Test Program: test plan for first deployment

This report describes in detail all tests planned for the first eight-month deployment of OTEC-1, a test facility constructed by the US Department of Energy in order to test heat exchangers for closed-cycle power plants using ocean thermal energy. Tests to be performed during the first-deployment period are aimed primarily at determining (1) the effectiveness of countermeasures in preventing biofouling of the heat exchanters, (2) the extent of environmental impacts associated with operation of an OTEC facility, and (3) the performance of a 1-MWe, titanium shell-and-tube evaporator and condenser pair. The condenser to be tested has plain tubes, and the evaporator employs the Linde High Flux surface on the working-fluid (ammonia) side to enhance the heat-transfer rate. This plan provides a statement of the objectives and priorities of the test program, describes the test equipment, gives a detailed account of all tests to be performed and the test schedule, and discusses provisions for management of the test program.
Date: March 1, 1980
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Multielement analysis of geologic materials by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (open access)

Multielement analysis of geologic materials by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy

Atomic emission spectroscopy using an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) source permits the rapid acquisition of multielement geochemical data from a wide variety of geologic materials. Rocks or other solid samples are taken into solution with a four acid digestion procedure and introduced directly into the plasma; fluid samples are acidified or analyzed directly. The entire process is computer-controlled, fully-automated, and requires less than five minutes per sample for quantitative determination of 37 elements. The procedures and instrumentation employed at the ESL for multielement ICP analysis of geologic materials are described and these are intended as a guide for evaluating analytic results reported from this laboratory. The quality of geochemical data can be characterized by precision, limits of quantitative determination, and accuracy. Precision values are a measure of the repeatability of analyses. In general, major element and analyses have precision of better than 5% and trace elements of better than 10% of the amount present. (MHR)
Date: March 1, 1980
Creator: Christensen, O.D.; Kroneman, R.L. & Capuano, R.M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
High-temperature oxidation and corrosion of materials program (open access)

High-temperature oxidation and corrosion of materials program

Research progress is reported in the behavior of metals and alloys in gas mixtures at high temperature, corrosion mechanisms in complex environments of low oxidizing potential, hot corrosion of nickel-base alloys at intermediate temperatures, corrosion of solid sulfate deposits, adherence of Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ oxide films, oxidation behavior of a two-phase alloy Fe-44% Cu, and formation of subscales of varying composition. (FS)
Date: March 1, 1980
Creator: Whittle, D.P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
TPC magnet cryogenic system (open access)

TPC magnet cryogenic system

The Time Projection Chamber (TPC) magnet at LBL and its compensation solenoids are adiabatically stable superconducting solenoid magnets. The cryogenic system developed for the TPC magnet is discussed. This system uses forced two-phase tubular cooling with the two cryogens in the system. The liquid helium and liquid nitrogen are delivered through the cooled load by forced tubular flow. The only reservoirs of liquid cryogen exist in the control dewar (for liquid helium) and the conditioner dewar (for liquid nitrogen). The operation o these systems during virtually all phases of system operation are described. Photographs and diagrams of various system components are shown, and cryogenic system data are presented in the following sections: (1) heat leaks into the TPC coil package and the compensation solenoids; (2) heat leaks to various components of the TPC magnet cryogenics system besides the magnets and control dewar; (3) the control dewar and its relationship to the rest of the system; (4) the conditioner system and its role in cooling down the TPC magnet; (5) gas-cooled electrical leads and charging losses; and (6) a summation of the liquid helium and liquid nitrogen requirements for the TPC superconducting magnet system.
Date: March 1, 1980
Creator: Green, M.A.; Burns, W.A.; Taylor, J.D. & Van Slyke, H.W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Negative ion production by backscattering from alkali-metal surfaces bombarded by ions of hydrogen and deuterium (open access)

Negative ion production by backscattering from alkali-metal surfaces bombarded by ions of hydrogen and deuterium

Measurements have been made of the total backscattered D/sup -/ and H/sup -/ yields from thick, clean targets of Cs, Rb, K, Na, and Li, bombarded with H/sub 2//sup +/, H/sub 3//sup +/, D/sub 2//sup +/, and D/sub 3//sup +/ with incident energies from 0.15 to 4.0 keV/nucleus. All of the measurements were made at background pressures less than 10/sup -9/ Torr and the alkali-metal targets were evaporated onto a cold substrate (T = 77K) in situ to assure thick, uncontaminated targets. Measurements of the H/sup -/ yield from various transition metal targets with thin coverages of alkali-metals have also been made as a function of the surface work function. The negative ion yields are discussed in terms of the probabilities of reflection of the incident particles, of formation of the negative ion at the surface and of the survival of the negative ion leaving the surface. For each thick alkali-metal target, the negative ion yield measurements have been used in a least squares fit to determine two parameters in a theoretically derived expression for the negative ion yield. The parameters obtained from a thick Na target have been used to calculate the yield from a Cu target with thin …
Date: March 1, 1980
Creator: Schneider, P.J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Electrochemical photovoltaic cells. Project 65021 quarterly technical progress report, October 15, 1979-January 15, 1980 (open access)

Electrochemical photovoltaic cells. Project 65021 quarterly technical progress report, October 15, 1979-January 15, 1980

During the third quarter of this program, liquid junction devices based upon the semiconductors MoSe/sub 2/, MoS/sub 2/, GaAs, and CdSe have been evaluated. Lifetime testing of MoSe/sub 2/ and MoS/sub 2/ materials in acidic halogen electrolytes at constant current densities of 5 mA/cm/sup 2/ have shown excellent stability to date. For MoSe/sub 2/ single crystals in the electrolyte 1M HBr + 1M Br/sub 2/, short-circuit currents of 63 mA/cm/sup 2/ were achieved with a power conversion efficiency of 6.7% for 200 mW/cm/sup 2/ xenon light illumination. Transient potentiostatic measurements made on MoSe/sub 2/ in this electrolyte indicated little diffusion control, with exchange currents being of the order of 1 to 10 mA/cm/sup 2/. Good photoresponse of MoS/sub 2/ has been observed in 1M HBr + 1M Br/sub 2/. The performance of the natural crystal is comparable to the performance of a single-crystal MoS/sub 2/ in this electrolyte. CdSe thermally evaporated onto porous titanium gave efficiencies of about 4% with 100 mW/cm/sup 2/ xenon illumination. Experimental work was initiated on the dye sensitization of Fe/sub 2/O/sub 3/ and TiO/sub 2/ materials. Of the twelve dyes evaluated, little enhancement of the photoresponse of these materials was noted. Solid-state photoelectrochemical cells have …
Date: March 1, 1980
Creator: Ang, P.G.P.; Remick, R.J. & Sammells, A.F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Process feasibility study in support of silicon material, Task I. Quarterly technical progress report (XVIII), December 1, 1979-February 29, 1980 (open access)

Process feasibility study in support of silicon material, Task I. Quarterly technical progress report (XVIII), December 1, 1979-February 29, 1980

Analyses of process system properties were continued for important chemical materials involved in the several processes under consideration for semiconductor and solar cell grade silicon production. Major activities were devoted to physical, thermodynamic and transport property data for silicon. Property data are reported for vapor pressure heat of vaporization, heat of sublimation, liquid heat capacity and solid heat capacity as a function of temperature to permit rapid usage in engineering. Chemical engineering analysis of the HSC process (Hemlock Semiconductor Corporation) for production of silicon was initiated. The process is based on hydrogen reduction of dichlorosilane (DCS) to produce the polysilicon. The chemical vapor deposition reaction for DCS is faster in rate than the conventional process route which utilizes trichlorosilane (TCS) as the silicon raw material. Status and progress are reported for primary activities of base case conditions (30%), reaction chemistry (25%) and process flow diagram (20%). Discussions with HSC and construction of a process flow diagram are in progress. Preliminary economic analysis of the BCL process (case B) was completed. Cost analysis results are presented based on a preliminary process design of a plant to produce 1000 metric tons/year of silicon. Fixed capital investment for the plant is $14.35 million …
Date: March 1, 1980
Creator: Yaws, C.L. & Li, K.Y.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Development of Evaluation Techniques for Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems: Final Report (open access)

Development of Evaluation Techniques for Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems: Final Report

The development of standardized techniques for the comparative evaluation of electric vehicle battery technologies is summarized. The methodology considers both the traditional measures of battery performance (energy density, energy storage costs, and cycle life) and the equally important usage related battery characteristics (probability of technical success, operating and maintenance parameters, and safety/environmental impact). This comparative rationale is supplemented by the ability to generate battery test programs normalized to specific technologies and electric vehicle mission specifications. These test programs allow the evaluation of different battery technologies at comparable levels of electric vehicle performance. It was found that cost optimized electric passenger vehicles will have range specifications of 100 to 110 KM, depending on the specific performance of the battery. Longer range vehicles are penalized by higher first costs while shorter range vehicles suffer from reduced battery life and the need for more frequent alternative car rentals (presumably petroleum fueled) for trips which exceed the EV's range capability.
Date: March 15, 1980
Creator: Gaines, Lewis H. & Nazimek, Kenneth
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Heating/daylighting prototype development. Phase I, Passive and Hybrid Solar Manufactured Building Project. Interim report and project status report No. 1, 1 October 1979-29 February 1980 (open access)

Heating/daylighting prototype development. Phase I, Passive and Hybrid Solar Manufactured Building Project. Interim report and project status report No. 1, 1 October 1979-29 February 1980

Climatological data, both representative (typical) and extreme conditions, relevant to building energy use in Grandview, Missouri are presented. The energy-related characteristics of a particular building and its use are merged with ambient weather conditions. The graphs depict daily fluctuations in the major categories of building heating/cooling load for the experimental building (Roof Runner facility) at Butler Research Center. Data input include hourly weather and building occupancy schedules, the geometry and fixed thermal characteristics (component R-values, heat capacities, etc.) of the prototype structure, and variable conditions (status of moveable insulating shutters, HVAC operating modes, etc.). The prototype systems to be incorporated in the new Roof Runner building are shown. Both warehouse (no ceiling) and office (suspended ceiling) system types are included. The diagrams conceptually depict the heat flows in several representative operating modes, sampling the wide variety of operating conditions which will be evaluated during the testing phase of this project. Cost estimates for the designs selected for construction are provided. (MHR)
Date: March 31, 1980
Creator: Snyder, M.; Fraker, H.; Lindsey, L.; Braham, W.; Hallagan, W. & Huffman, J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Seismic Safety Margins Research Program. Phase 1. Project V. Structural sub-system response: subsystem response review. [PWR; BWR] (open access)

Seismic Safety Margins Research Program. Phase 1. Project V. Structural sub-system response: subsystem response review. [PWR; BWR]

This project is directed toward a portion of the Seismic Safety Margins Research Program which includes one link in the seismic methodology chain. The link addressed here is the structural subsystem dynamic response which consists of those components and systems whose behavior is often determined decoupled from the major structural response. Typically the mathematical model utilized for the major structural response will include only the mass effects of the subsystem and the main model is used to produce the support motion inputs for subsystem seismic qualification. The main questions addressed in this report have to do with the seismic response uncertainty of safety-related components or equipment whose seismic qualification is performed by (a) analysis, (b) tests, or (c) combinations of analysis and tests, and where the seismic input is assumed to have no uncertainty.
Date: March 1, 1980
Creator: Fogelquist, J.; Kaul, M.K.; Koppe, R.; Tagart, S.W. Jr.; Thailer, H. & Uffer, R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Heavy ion fusion half-year report, October 1, 1979-March 31, 1980 (open access)

Heavy ion fusion half-year report, October 1, 1979-March 31, 1980

Major elements of the program in the first half of Fiscal Year 1980 included: (1) characterization of the 1 amp, 1 MV, 2 ..mu..s beam after acceleration through one pulsed drift tube; (2) observation of current and energy spikes at the onset of the beam pulse occasioned by the unusually long transit-time (approx. 1 ..mu..sec) of the mass 133 ions across the diode gap; (3) completion of the full system, comprising of source and three drift-tubes, in February 1980; (4) development of new beam diagnostic probes for high-intensity ion beams; and (5) a major re-direction of the design effort on the Induction Linac Test Bed to bring costs, based on R/D funds that include overhead, down from the 40 million system (described in LBL PUB-5031) to the canonical 25 million.
Date: March 1, 1980
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Opportunities to increase the productivity of spent fuel shipping casks in the United States (open access)

Opportunities to increase the productivity of spent fuel shipping casks in the United States

Trends indicate that future transportation requirements for spent fuel will be different from those anticipated when the current generation of casks and vehicles was designed. Increased storage capacity at most reactors will increase the average post irradiation age of the spent fuel to be transported. A scenario is presented which shows the 18 casks currently available should be sufficient until approximately 1983. Beyond this time, it appears that an adequate transportation system can be maintained by acquiring, as needed, casks of current designs and new casks currently under development. Spent fuel transportation requirements in the post-1990 period can be met by a new generation of casks specifically designed to transport long-cooled fuel. In terms of the number of casks needed, productivity may be increased by 19% if rail cask turnaround time is reduced to 4 days from the current range of 6.5 to 8.5 days. Productivity defined as payloads per cask year could be increased 62% if the turnaround time for legal weight truck casks were reduced from 12 hours to 4 hours. On a similar basis, overweight truck casks show a 28% increase in productivity.
Date: March 1, 1980
Creator: Winsor, G. H.; Faletti, D. W. & DeSteese, J. G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Geology of the central Mineral Mountains, Beaver County, Utah (open access)

Geology of the central Mineral Mountains, Beaver County, Utah

The Mineral Mountains are located in Beaver and Millard Counties, southwestern Utah. The range is a horst located in the transition zone between the Basin and Range and Colorado Plateau geologic provinces. A multiple-phase Tertiary pluton forms most of the range, with Paleozoic rocks exposed on the north and south and Precambrian metamorphic rocks on the west in the Roosevelt Hot Springs KGRA (Known Geothermal Resource Area). Precambrian banded gneiss and Cambrian carbonate rocks have been intruded by foliated granodioritic to monzonitic rocks of uncertain age. The Tertiary pluton consists of six major phases of quartz monzonitic to leucocratic granitic rocks, two diorite stocks, and several more mafic units that form dikes. During uplift of the mountain block, overlying rocks and the upper part of the pluton were partially removed by denudation faulting to the west. The interplay of these low-angle faults and younger northerly trending Basin and Range faults is responsible for the structural control of the Roosevelt Hot Springs geothermal system. The structural complexity of the Roosevelt Hot Springs KGRA is unique within the range, although the same tectonic style continues throughout the range. During the Quaternary, rhyolite volcanism was active in the central part of the range …
Date: March 1, 1980
Creator: Sibbett, B.S. & Nielson, D.L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Comparison of aerosol behavior during sodium fires in CSTF with the HAA-3B code. [LMFBR] (open access)

Comparison of aerosol behavior during sodium fires in CSTF with the HAA-3B code. [LMFBR]

Four large-scale tests using sodium fire aerosol sources have been carried out in the Containment System Test Facility (CSTF). Two of the tests employed pool fires and two used spray fires as the aerosol source. Because the CSTF containment vessel is approximately half-scale (20.3 m in height) of a typical reactor building, the CSTF results have provided a large-scale proof test of the HAA-3B Code. For the two pool fire tests, the measured and predicted airborne concentrations were in good agreement when the aerosol source term was based on post-test measurements of aerosol formation, accounting for water vapor uptake.
Date: March 1, 1980
Creator: Postma, A.K. & Owen, R.K.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Basic data report for drillhole WIPP 19 (Waste Isolation Pilot Plant-WIPP) (open access)

Basic data report for drillhole WIPP 19 (Waste Isolation Pilot Plant-WIPP)

WIPP 19 is an exploratory borehole whose objective was to determine the nature of the near-surface formations after seismic information indicated a possible fault. The borehole is located in section 20, T.22S., R.31E., in eastern Eddy County, New Mexico, and was drilled between April 6 and May 4, 1978. The hole was drilled to a depth of 1038.2 feet and encountered, from top to bottom, surficial Holocene deposits (7', including artificial fill for drill pad), the Mescalero caliche (7'), the Santa Rosa Sandstone (82'), the Dewey Lake Red Beds (494'), the Rustler Formation (315'), and the upper portion of the Salado Formation (143'). Cuttings were collected at 10-foot intervals. A suite of geophysical logs was run to measure acoustic velocities, density, and radioactivity. On the basis of comparison with other geologic sections drilled in the area, the WIPP 19 section is a normal stratigraphic sequence and it does not show structural disruption. The WIPP is to demonstrate (through limited operations) disposal technology for transuranic defense wastes. The WIPP will also provide facilities to research interactions between high-level waste and salt.
Date: March 1, 1980
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Thermochemical water-splitting cycle, bench-scale investigations and process engineering. Annual report, October 1, 1978-September 30, 1979 (open access)

Thermochemical water-splitting cycle, bench-scale investigations and process engineering. Annual report, October 1, 1978-September 30, 1979

A program to investigate thermochemical water splitting has been under way at General Atomic Company (GA) since October 1972. This document is an annual progress report of Department of Energy (DOE) sponsored process development work on the GA sulfur-iodine thermochemical water splitting cycle. The work consisted of laboratory bench-scale investigations, demonstration of the process in a closed-loop cycle demonstrator, and process engineering design studies. A bench-scale system, consisting of three subunits, has been designed to study the cycle under continuous flow conditions. The designs of subunit I, which models the main solution reaction and product separation, and subunit II, which models the concentration and decomposition of sulfuric acid, were presented in an earlier annual report. The design of subunit III, which models the purification and decomposition of hydrogen iodide, is given in this report. Progress on the installation and operation of subunits I and II is described. A closed-loop cycle demonstrator was installed and operated based on a DOE request. Operation of the GA sulfur-iodine cycle was demonstrated in this system under recycle conditions. The process engineering addresses the flowsheet design of a large-scale production process consisting of four chemical sections (I through IV) and one helium heat supply section …
Date: March 1980
Creator: Caprioglio, G.; McCorkle, K. H.; Besenbruch, G. E. & Rode, J. S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Ion-temperature-gradient instability in toroidal plasmas (open access)

Ion-temperature-gradient instability in toroidal plasmas

The stability of the ion-temperature-gradient mode in a toroidal plasma is investigated. Using the ballooning-mode formalism, an ordinary difference-differential equation is derived which includes full kinetic effects. The equation is, then, examined in various limits where it reduces to an ordinary differential equation. Analytic and computational studies show that, for eta/sub i/ identical with d lnT/sub i//d lnn > 1, toroidal effects further destabilize the mode and, hence, the corresponding growth rates exceed those obtained from the slab calculations. However, it is also found that toroidal effects give rise to higher eta/sub i/ threshold compared to the slab case. Extensive numerical calculations over a wide range of parameters are carried out to delineate the regions of instability. It is concluded that the eta/sub i/ instability is of relevance to present-day beam heated tokamaks.
Date: March 1, 1980
Creator: Guzdar, P.N.; Chen, L.; Tang, W.M. & Rutherford, P.H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Single atom sputtering events: direct observation of near-surface depleted zones in ion-irradiated tungsten (open access)

Single atom sputtering events: direct observation of near-surface depleted zones in ion-irradiated tungsten

The three-dimensional spatial arrangement of vacancies contained in depleted zones (DZs), of ion-irradiated tungsten specimens, was determined with atomic resolution by the field-ion microscope (FIM) technique. These DZs were detected in the near-surface region of specimens which had been irradiated in situ at less than or equal to15 K with 20 keV W/sup +/, 30 keV W/sup +/, Kr/sup +/, Cu/sup +/, or Ar/sup +/ ions. The values of the ion dose employed were small (less than or equal to 10/sup 13/ ions cm/sup -2/); therefore, each DZ analyzed was the result of the impact of a single projectile ion. At the irradiation temperature (less than or equal to 15/sup 0/K) both the self-intersitital atoms and vacancies were immobile, so that the primary state of radiation damage was preserved. The following properties of each DZ were determined: the total number of vacancies; the number of vacancies in the near-surface region; the spatial extent - that is, the dimensions required to determine a volume; the average vacancy concentration; the average vacancy concentration associated with the non-surface region; the first-nearest neighbor cluster distribution for the vacancies in the near-surface region; the radial distribution function of all the vacancies; the distribution of vacancies …
Date: March 1, 1980
Creator: Current, M. I.; Wei, C. Y. & Seidman, D. N.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Detailed report on tested models companion report 2 to simulation of geothermal subsidence (LBL 10571) (open access)

Detailed report on tested models companion report 2 to simulation of geothermal subsidence (LBL 10571)

An assessment was performed of existing mathematical models for subsidence simulation and prediction. Detailed analyses are presented of the theory, power, usability, and performance of the seven models used in conjunction with an ongoing research program aimed at improved understanding and control of ground movements caused by geothermal power production. The models used were: hand-calculation techniques; the nucleus-of-strain method; the one-dimensional Terzaghi consolidation method; the two-dimensional boundary-integral-equation method; two-dimensional finite-element coupled fluid flow and deformation; three-dimensional integrated finite difference, coupled fluid flow, heat flow, and porosity change; and the three-dimensional displacement discontinuity method. (MHR)
Date: March 1, 1980
Creator: Miller, I.; Dershowitz, W.; Jones, K.; Myer, L.; Roman, K. & Schauer, M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Comparing the Floating Point Systems, Inc. AP-190L to representative scientific computers: some benchmark results (open access)

Comparing the Floating Point Systems, Inc. AP-190L to representative scientific computers: some benchmark results

Results are presented of comparative timing tests made by running a typical FORTRAN physics simulation code on the following machines: DEC PDP-10 with KI processor; DEC PDP-10, KI processor, and FPS AP-190L; CDC 7600; and CRAY-1. Factors such as DMA overhead, code size for the AP-190L, and the relative utilization of floating point functional units for the different machines are discussed. 1 table.
Date: March 27, 1980
Creator: Brengle, T.A. & Maron, N.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
State-of-the-art review of phase equilibria (open access)

State-of-the-art review of phase equilibria

High-pressure phase-equilibrium calculations using an equation of state are more sensitive to the mixing rules than to details in the effect of density or temperature on pressure. Attention must be given to the problem of how to extend equations of state to mixtures. One possible technique is provided by perturbation theory; another by superposition of chemical equilibria. At low or moderate pressures, vapor-phase corrections are often important. When specific intermolecular forces produce formation of molecular aggregates, strong deviations from ideal-gas behavior can be significant even at pressures well below 1 bar. When vapor-liquid equilibrium data are reduced using conventional expressions for the excess Gibbs energy, the resulting binary parameters tend to be partially correlated, it difficult, but no impossible, to calculate ternary liquid-liquid equilibria using binary parameters only. New models for calculating properties of liquid-phase mixtures mist allow for changes in free volume to give consideration to the effect of mixing on changes in rotational and vibrational degrees of freedom. Liquid-phase volumetric effects are also important in describing the solubilities of gases in solvent mixtures. Therefore, future liquid-phase models should incorporate a liquid-phase equation of state, either of the van der Waals type or, perhaps, as given by the direct-correlation …
Date: March 1, 1980
Creator: Prausnitz, J.M.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library