Proteomics: Technology and Applications (open access)

Proteomics: Technology and Applications

This meeting took place at the Keystone, Colorado resort from March 25-30, 2003. It was attended by 206 participants, of which 35 were students; 39% of attendees submitted abstracts. The meeting had 30% returning attendees and 70% new attendees. The group of speakers was composed of internationally recruited junior and senior experts in their respective fields. The group included representatives from academia and the private sector, highlights the convergence of proteomics efforts in the two sectors. The completion of the genome sequences of a large number of prokaryotic and eukaryotic species has catalyzed new research approaches to study the structure, function and control of biological processes. They are characterized by the systematic and in many cases quantitative analysis of all the molecules of a particular type expressed by a cell or tissue. The systematic analysis of proteins has been terms ''proteomics''. In an initial phase, most of the proteomics efforts were focused on large-scale protein identification. More recently, the objectives and technologies of proteomics have been diversified and expanded. Current proteomics research attempts to systematically and, where applicable, quantitatively determine the many properties of proteins and their biological function, including: protein abundance, state of modification, specific activity, interaction with other …
Date: March 25, 2003
Creator: Aebersold, Ruedi
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Testing and modeling of seepage into underground openings in aheterogeneous fracture system at Yucca Mountain, Nevada (open access)

Testing and modeling of seepage into underground openings in aheterogeneous fracture system at Yucca Mountain, Nevada

We discuss field activities designed to characterize seepage into an underground opening at the potential site for geologic storage of high-level radioactive waste (HLRW) at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, and the use of these data for development and calibration of a model for predicting seepage into planned HLRW emplacement drifts. Air-injection tests were conducted to characterize the permeability of the fractured rock, and liquid-release tests (LRTs) were conducted and seepage monitored to characterize the seepage-relevant properties of the fractured rock. Both air-injection and liquid-release tests were performed in the same borehole intervals, located above the underground openings. For modeling, three-dimensional, heterogeneous permeability fields were generated, conditioned on the air-permeability data. The initial seepage data collected were used to calibrate the model and test the appropriateness of the modeling approach. A capillary-strength parameter and porosity were the model parameters selected for estimation by data inversion. However, due to the short-term nature of the initial data, the inversion process was unable to independently determine the capillary strength and porosity of the fractured rock. Subsequent seepage data collection focused on longer-term tests, a representative selection of which was used for data inversion. Field observations also played a key role by identifying factors such as …
Date: March 25, 2002
Creator: Ahlers, C. F.; Trautz, R. C.; Cook, P. J. & Finsterle, S.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
DEVELOPMENT OF A CO2 SEQUESTRATION MODULE BY INTEGRATING MINERAL ACTIVATION AND AQUEOUS CARBONATION (open access)

DEVELOPMENT OF A CO2 SEQUESTRATION MODULE BY INTEGRATING MINERAL ACTIVATION AND AQUEOUS CARBONATION

Mineral carbonation provides a potential option for the long-term storage of carbon dioxide. Serpentine has been chosen as the feedstock mineral, due to its abundance and availability. However, the relatively low reactivity of serpentine has warranted research into physical and chemical treatments that have been shown to greatly increase its reactivity. The use of sulfuric acid as an accelerating medium for the removal of magnesium from serpentine has recently been investigated. In addition to the challenges presented by the dissolution of serpentine, another challenge is the subsequent carbonation of the magnesium ions. A stable hydration sphere for the magnesium ion reduces the carbonation kinetics by obstructing the formation of the carbonation products. Accordingly, this research has evaluated the solubility of carbon dioxide in aqueous solution, the interaction between the dissociation products of carbon dioxide, and the carbonation potential of the magnesium ion.
Date: March 25, 2006
Creator: Alexander, George; Maroto-Valer, M. Mercedes; Aksoy, Parvana & Schobert, Harold
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Frictional behavior of diamondlike carbon films in vacuum and under varying water vapor pressure. (open access)

Frictional behavior of diamondlike carbon films in vacuum and under varying water vapor pressure.

In this study, we investigated the frictional behavior of both hydrogenated and hydrogen-free diamondlike carbon (DLC) films in high vacuum (10{sup -6} Pa) at room temperature. Water was also introduced into the vacuum chamber to elucidate its effects on DLC film tribology. The hydrogen-free DLC (also referred to as tetrahedral amorphous carbon, or ta-C) was produced by an arc-PVD process, and the highly hydrogenated DLC was produced by plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition. Tribological measurements of these films were made with a pin-on-disc machine with coated steel balls and coated steel discs in matched pairs under a 1 N load. The ball/disk pairs were rotated at sliding speeds in the range of 0.025-0.075 m/s. In vacuum, the steady-state friction coefficient of ta-C was of the order of 0.6 and the wear was severe, whereas for the highly hydrogenated film, friction was below 0.01, and in an optical microscope no wear could be detected. Adding water vapor to the sliding ta-C system in a vacuum chamber caused friction to decrease monotonically from 0.6 to {approx}0.05. In contrast, adding water vapor to the sliding DLC system caused the friction to increase linearly with pressure from 0.01 to 0.07. The results illustrate the importance of …
Date: March 25, 2002
Creator: Andersson, J.; Erck, R. A. & Erdemir, A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Measurement of the Spin of the $\Xi(1530)$ Resonance (open access)

Measurement of the Spin of the $\Xi(1530)$ Resonance

The properties of the {Xi}(1530) resonance are investigated in the {Lambda}{sub c}{sup +} {yields} {Xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}K{sup +} decay process. The data sample was collected with the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II asymmetric-energy e{sup +}e{sup -} collider operating at center of mass energies 10.58 and 10.54 GeV. The corresponding integrated luminosity is approximately 230 fb{sup -1}. The spin of the {Xi}(1530) is established to be 3/2. The existence of an S-wave amplitude in the {Xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +} system is inferred, and its interference with the {Xi}(1530)0 amplitude provides the first clear demonstration of the Breit-Wigner phase motion expected for the {Xi}(1530). The P{sub 1}(cos {theta}{sub {Xi}{sup -}}) Legendre polynomial moment indicates the presence of a significant S-wave amplitude for {Xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +} mass values above 1.6 GeV/c{sup 2}, and a dip in the mass distribution at approximately 1.7 GeV/c{sup 2} is interpreted as due to coherent addition of a {Xi}(1690){sup 0} contribution to this amplitude. This would imply J{sup P} = 1/2{sup -} for the {Xi}(1690). Attempts at fitting the {Xi}(1530){sup 0} lineshape yield unsatisfactory results, and this failure is attributed to interference effects associated with the amplitudes describing the K{sup +}{pi}{sup +} and/or {Xi}{sup -}K{sup +} systems.
Date: March 25, 2008
Creator: Aubert, B.; Bona, M.; Karyotakis, Y.; Lees, J. P.; Poireau, V.; Prudent, X. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Hydrogen Production by Water Dissociation Using Ceramic Membranes - Annual Report for Fy 2008. (open access)

Hydrogen Production by Water Dissociation Using Ceramic Membranes - Annual Report for Fy 2008.

The objective of this project is to develop dense ceramic membranes that, without using an external power supply or circuitry, can produce hydrogen via coal/coal gas-assisted water dissociation. This project grew from an effort to develop a dense ceramic membrane for separating hydrogen from gas mixtures such as those generated during coal gasification, methane partial oxidation, and water-gas shift reactions. That effort led to the development of various cermet (i.e., ceramic/metal composite) membranes that enable hydrogen production by two methods. In one method, a hydrogen transport membrane (HTM) selectively removes hydrogen from a gas mixture by transporting it through either a mixed protonic/electronic conductor or a hydrogen transport metal. In the other method, an oxygen transport membrane (OTM) generates hydrogen mixed with steam by removing oxygen that is generated through water splitting. This project focuses on the development of OTMs that efficiently produce hydrogen via the dissociation of water. Supercritical boilers offer very high-pressure steam that can be decomposed to provide pure hydrogen by means of OTMs. Oxygen resulting from the dissociation of steam can be used for coal gasification, enriched combustion, or synthesis gas production. Hydrogen and sequestration-ready CO{sub 2} can be produced from coal and steam by using …
Date: March 25, 2009
Creator: Balachandran, U.; Dorris, S. E.; Emerson, J. E.; Lee, T. H.; Lu, Y.; Park, C. Y. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Planning for an integrated research experiment (open access)

Planning for an integrated research experiment

We describe the goals and research program leading to the Heavy Ion Integrated Research Experiment (IRE). We review the basic constraints which lead to a design and give examples of parameters and capabilities of an IRE. We also show design tradeoffs generated by the systems code IBEAM.
Date: March 25, 2001
Creator: Barnard, J. J.; Ahle, L. E.; Bangerter, R. O.; Bieniosek, F. M.; Celata, C. M.; Faltens, A. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Federal Farm Promotion (“Check-Off”) Programs (open access)

Federal Farm Promotion (“Check-Off”) Programs

None
Date: March 25, 2004
Creator: Becker, Geoffrey S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Snowmass 2001 : jet energy flow project. (open access)

Snowmass 2001 : jet energy flow project.

Conventional cone jet algorithms arose from heuristic considerations of LO hard scattering coupled to independent showering. These algorithms implicitly assume that the final states of individual events can be mapped onto a unique set of jets that are in turn associated with a unique set of underlying hard scattering partons. Thus each final state hadron is assigned to a unique underlying parton. The Jet Energy Flow (JEF) analysis described here does not make such assumptions. The final states of individual events are instead described in terms of flow distributions of hadronic energy. Quantities of physical interest are constructed from the energy flow distribution summed over all events. The resulting analysis is less sensitive to higher order perturbative corrections and the impact of showering and hadronization than the standard cone algorithms.
Date: March 25, 2002
Creator: Berger, C. F.; L., Berger. E.; Bhat, P. C.; Butterworth, J. M.; Ellis, S. D.; Flaugher, B. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Pore Fluid Effects on Shear Modulus for Sandstones with Soft Anisotropy (open access)

Pore Fluid Effects on Shear Modulus for Sandstones with Soft Anisotropy

None
Date: March 25, 2004
Creator: Berger, E. L.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Large releases from CO2 storage reservoirs: Analogs, scenarios,and modeling needs (open access)

Large releases from CO2 storage reservoirs: Analogs, scenarios,and modeling needs

While the purpose of geologic storage in deep salineformations is to trap greenhouse gases underground, the potential existsfor CO2 to escape from the target reservoir, migrate upward alongpermeable pathways, and discharge at the land surface. In this paper, weevaluate the potential for such CO2 discharges based on the analysis ofnatural analogs, where large releases of gas have been observed. We areparticularly interested in circumstances that could generate sudden,possibly self enhancing release events. The probability for such eventsmay be low, but the circumstances under which they occur and thepotential consequences need to be evaluated in order to designappropriate site-selection and risk-managementstrategies. Numericalmodeling of hypothetical test cases is suggested to determine criticalconditions for large CO2 releases, to evaluate whether such conditionsmay be possible at designated storage sites, and, if applicable, toevaluate the potential impacts of such events as well as designappropriate mitigation strategies.
Date: March 25, 2006
Creator: Birkholzer, Jens; Pruess, Karsten; Lewicki, Jennifer; Rutqvist,Jonny; Tsang, Chin-Fu & Karimjee, Anhar
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Particulate matter chemistry and dynamics in the Twilight Zone at VERTIGO ALOHA and K2 Sites (open access)

Particulate matter chemistry and dynamics in the Twilight Zone at VERTIGO ALOHA and K2 Sites

Understanding particle dynamics in the 'Twilight Zone' is critical to prediction of the ocean's carbon cycle. As part of the VERTIGO (VERtical Transformations In the Global Ocean) project, this rarely sampled regime extending from the base of the euphotic layer to 1000 m, was characterized by double-paired day/night Multiple Unit Large Volume in-situ Filtration System (MULVFS) deployments and by {approx}100 high-frequency CTD/transmissometer/turbidity sensor profiles. VERTIGO studies lasting three weeks, contrasted oligotrophic station ALOHA (22.75{sup o}N 158{sup o}W), sampled in June-July 2004, with a biologically productive location (47{sup o}N 161{sup o}E) near station K2 in the Oyashio, occupied July-August 2005. Profiles of major and minor particulate components (C{sub org}, N, P, Ca, Si, Sr, Ba, Mn) in <1, 1-51, and >51 {micro}m size fractions, in-water optics, neutrally buoyant sediment trap (NBST) fluxes, and zooplankton data were intercompared. MULVFS total C{sub org} and C-Star particle beam attenuation coefficient (C{sub P}) were consistently related at both sites with a 27 {micro}M m{sup -1} conversion factor. 26 At K2, C{sub P} profiles further showed a multitude of transient spikes throughout the water column and spike abundance profiles closely paralleled the double peaked abundance profiles of zooplankton. Also at K2, copepods contributed {approx}40% and 10%, …
Date: March 25, 2008
Creator: Bishop, James K.B. & Wood, T.J.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Domain-wall oscillations studies by time-resolved soft x-ray mircorscopy (open access)

Domain-wall oscillations studies by time-resolved soft x-ray mircorscopy

Fast magnetization dynamics in the micro- and nanometer regime are an interesting field of research. On these length scales magnetic structures can be designed to contain a single vortex or a single domain wall. Both size and speed of these patterns are of great interest in todays research for prospective non-volatile data storage devices. Especially the possibility to move domain-walls by spin-polarized current gained a lot of interest. Magnetic configurations can be imaged by soft X-ray magnetic microscopy with a spatial resolution down to 15 nm. By a stroboscopic pump and probe measurement scheme a temporal resolution below 100 ps is achieved. This provides the opportunity to directly image changes in magnetic domains and domain-wall motion. We image oscillations of a single domain wall in a confining potential in time steps of 200 ps by time resolved X-ray microscopy at the full-field soft X-ray transmission microscope at the Advanced Light Source in Berkeley (beamline 6.1.2). Domain walls are prepared in permalloy nanostructures with a restoring potential. The oscillation of a 180{sup o} domain wall is triggered by nanosecond current pulses. The spin-polarized current and the accompanying Oersted field can contribute to the motion of the wall. By analysis of the …
Date: March 25, 2009
Creator: Bocklage, L.; Kruger, B.; Eiselt, R.; Bolte, M.; Fischer, P. & Meier, G.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Homeland Security: Protecting Airliners from Terrorist Missiles (open access)

Homeland Security: Protecting Airliners from Terrorist Missiles

This report discusses about the Homeland Security on Protecting Airliners from Terrorist Missiles where Recent events have focused attention on the threat that terrorists with shoulder fired surface-to-air missiles pose to commercial airliners. Most believe that no single solution exists to effectively mitigate this threat.
Date: March 25, 2003
Creator: Bolkcom, Christopher & Elias, Bartholomew
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Spatial Dependence of Condensates in Strongly Coupled Gauge Theories (open access)

Spatial Dependence of Condensates in Strongly Coupled Gauge Theories

We analyze quark and gluon condensates in quantum chromodynamics. We suggest that these are localized inside hadrons, because the particles whose interactions are responsible for them are confined within these hadrons. This can explain the results of recent studies of gluon condensate contributions to vacuum correlators. We also give a general discussion of condensates in asymptotically free vectorial and chiral gauge theories.
Date: March 25, 2008
Creator: Brodsky, Stanley J.; /SLAC /SUNY, Stony Brook; Shrock, Robert & /SUNY, Stony Brook
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Standard Model Condensates and the Cosmological Constant (open access)

Standard Model Condensates and the Cosmological Constant

This paper suggests a solution to the problem of some apparently excessive contributions to the cosmological constant from Standard-Model condensates.
Date: March 25, 2008
Creator: Brodsky, Stanley J.; /SLAC /SUNY, Stony Brook; Shrock, Robert & /SUNY, Stony Brook
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Welfare Reform: An Issue Overview (open access)

Welfare Reform: An Issue Overview

None
Date: March 25, 2003
Creator: Burke, Vee
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Savannah River Site Annual Meteorology Report for 2004 (open access)

Savannah River Site Annual Meteorology Report for 2004

Summaries of meteorological observations collected at the Savannah River Site in 2004 show a year that was overall cooler and drier than average. Although the annual rainfall of 42.9 inches was the eleventh driest of all the years over a period of record that began in 1952, rainfall was quite variable through the year. September total rainfall of 10.26 inches was the highest in this 53 year record; conversely, the monthly rainfall in March, 0.81 inches, was the lowest on record. Rainfall of 0.01 inch or more occurred on 104 days during the year. The annual average temperature for 2004, 63.4 degrees F, was the eleventh coldest of any year in an available record that dates to 1964. Cooler than average conditions were observed in 9 of the 12 months of the year. The coldest temperature during the year was 20.3 degrees F on the morning of December 15; the warmest observed temperature was 98.2 degrees F on the afternoon of July 14. The most notable weather event of 2004 was an active Atlantic hurricane season that resulted in six named storms striking the Southeast U.S. during August and September. Although each of these storms posed a significant threat to …
Date: March 25, 2005
Creator: CHARLES, HUNTER
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Primary Polymer Aging Processes Identified from Weapon Headspace Chemicals (open access)

Primary Polymer Aging Processes Identified from Weapon Headspace Chemicals

A current focus of our weapon headspace sampling work is the interpretation of the volatile chemical signatures that we are collecting. To help validate our interpretation we have been developing a laboratory-based material aging capability to simulate material decomposition chemistries identified. Key to establishing this capability has been the development of an automated approach to process, analyze, and quantify arrays of material combinations as a function of time and temperature. Our initial approach involves monitoring the formation and migration of volatile compounds produced when a material decomposes. This approach is advantageous in that it is nondestructive and provides a direct comparison with our weapon headspace surveillance initiative. Nevertheless, this approach requires us to identify volatile material residue and decomposition byproducts that are not typically monitored and reported in material aging studies. Similar to our weapon monitoring method, our principle laboratory-based method involves static headspace collection by solid phase microextraction (SPME) followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). SPME is a sorbent collection technique that is ideally suited for preconcentration and delivery of trace gas-phase compounds for analysis by GC. When combined with MS, detection limits are routinely in the low- and sub-ppb ranges, even for semivolatile and polar compounds. To automate …
Date: March 25, 2002
Creator: Chambers, D M; Bazan, J M & Ithaca, J G
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Parallel Deterministic Neutron Transport with AMR (open access)

Parallel Deterministic Neutron Transport with AMR

AMTRAN, a one, two and three dimensional Sn neutron transport code with adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) has been parallelized with MPI over spatial domains and energy groups and with threads over angles. Block refined AMR is used with linear finite element representations for the fluxes, which are node centered. AMR requirements are determined by minimum mean free path calculations throughout the problem and can provide an order of magnitude or more reduction in zoning requirements for the same level of accuracy, compared to a uniformly zoned problem.
Date: March 25, 2005
Creator: Clouse, C
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Federally Supported Water Supply and Wastewater Treatment Programs (open access)

Federally Supported Water Supply and Wastewater Treatment Programs

This report provides background information on the types of water supply and wastewater treatment projects traditionally funded by the federal government and the several existing programs to assist communities with water supply and wastewater recycling and treatment.
Date: March 25, 2003
Creator: Cody, Betsy A.; Copeland, Claudia; Tiemann, Mary & Zinn, Jeffrey
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Radioactive Legacy of the Russian Pacific Fleet Operations. Final Report (open access)

Radioactive Legacy of the Russian Pacific Fleet Operations. Final Report

There have been extensive studies of the current and potential environmental impact of Russian Northern fleet activities. However, despite the fact that the total number of ships in both fleets are comparable, there have been very few studies published in the open literature of the impact of the Pacific fleet. This study of the Pacific fleet's impact on neighboring countries was undertaken to partially remedy this lack of analysis. This study is focused on an evaluation of the inventory of major sources of radioactive material associated with the decommissioning of nuclear submarines, and an evaluation of releases to the atmosphere and their long-range (>100km) transboundary transport.
Date: March 25, 2003
Creator: Compton, K. L.; Novikov, V. M.; Parker, F. L. & Sivintsev, Y. U.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
HIV/AIDS International Programs: FY2003 Request and FY2002 Spending (open access)

HIV/AIDS International Programs: FY2003 Request and FY2002 Spending

None
Date: March 25, 2002
Creator: Copson, Raymond W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Quantum Operation Time Reversal (open access)

Quantum Operation Time Reversal

The dynamics of an open quantum system can be described by a quantum operation: A linear, complete positive map of operators. Here, I exhibit a compact expression for the time reversal of a quantum operation, which is closely analogous to the time reversal of a classical Markov transition matrix. Since open quantum dynamics are stochastic, and not, in general, deterministic, the time reversal is not, in general, an inversion of the dynamics. Rather, the system relaxes toward equilibrium in both the forward and reverse time directions. The probability of a quantum trajectory and the conjugate, time reversed trajectory are related by the heat exchanged with the environment.
Date: March 25, 2008
Creator: Crooks, Gavin E.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library