Memorandum presenting an investigation of the effects of stator cone angle and tip leakage on turbine performance. A single-stage turbine with 40-percent reaction was operated with two stators and two stationary shrouds. The turbine was operated at an entrance temperature of 660 degrees R with total-pressure ratios from 1.25 to 3.70 and equivalent mean blade speeds from 166 to 655 feet per second.

The cloud chamber is a means of observing the path of ionizing radiation. It does not reveal the radiation directly, but gives a visible trail of the path along which the radiation has traveled. The trail is formed by vapor condensing upon pairs of ions remaining after an ionizing particle has passed through the medium. The mutual interaction among rays, atoms, nuclei, and particles, can be studied and measured with the aid of vapor trails. Measurements of changes in direction and range as recorded on the photographs may be interpreted in terms of changes in momentum and energy of the particles in these reactions. To obtain a precision measurement is difficult with a cloud chamber. The dependence of the apparatus upon a sudden gas expansion is certain to create distortions resulting from turbulence. Furthermore, since any radiation is subject to variations, precision measurements can be obtained only be the collection of numerous observations for statistical analysis. This document details the design, operation, and limitations of cloud chambers.