The low-temperature, magnetic entropy of certain single-crystal paramagnetic materials, such as DyPO/sub 4/, changes dramatically as the crystal rotates in a magnetic field. A new magnetic refrigerator design based on the anisotropic nature of such materials is presented. The key advantages of the rotational-cooling concept are (1) a single, rotary motion is required, (2) magnetic field shaping is not a problem because the entire working material is in a constant field, and (3) the refrigerator can be smaller than comparable magnetic refrigerators because the working material is entirely inside the magnet at all times. The main disadvantage of the rotational-cooling concept is that small-dimension single crystals are required.

Results obtained during the reporting period are presented. The agglomeration of submicron fly ash particles has been studied as a function of sound pressure level, sound frequency, loading, and exposure time. A second generation model of the agglomeration process is being developed. A high-frequency, high-intensity variable speed siren delivering at least 600 W at frequencies up to 4000 Hz has been developed and tested. Details on the design and operation are presented. The agglomeration chamber has been completely cleaned and the aerosol generating system has been rebuilt. A mathematical model of the acoustics of agglomeration is being developed. Preliminary results of computerized electron microscopic scanning of fly ash particles during agglomeration are presented. (DMC)

Quarterly report discussing fuel cell research and development work at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL). This report describes efforts directed toward understanding and improving components of the molten carbonate fuel cells operated at temperatures near 925 K.

The following report is the first volume documenting the radiometric and magnetic data taken during the month of September, 1979, by EG&G geoMetrics in the states of Michigan and Wisconsin in the quadrangles: Alpena, Blind River, Cheboygan, Escanaba, and Sault Marie quadrangles.

The following report is the first volume documenting the radiometric and magnetic data taken during the month of October, 1979, by EG&G geoMetrics primarily in the state of Texas in the quadrangles: Tyler, Texarkana, and Waco. This volume contains the survey description, specifications, data processing methods, interpretation methods, interpretation methods, and regional geologic review.

This report is one part of the second volume containing data on quadrangles of Michigan and Wisconson. This volume contains the detailed geologic summary, interpretation report, standard deviation maps, pseudo-contour maps, interpretation map, flight line and geologic base map, individual corrected profiles, computer map unit histograms and statistical tables for the Cheboygan and Alpena quadrangles.

This report is one part of the second volume containing data on quadrangles of Michigan and Wisconson. This volume contains the detailed geologic summary, interpretation report, standard deviation maps, pseudo-contour maps, interpretation map, flight line and geologic base map, individual corrected profiles, computer map unit histograms and statistical tables for the Escanaba quadrangle.

This report is one part of the second volume containing data on quadrangles of Michigan and Wisconson. This volume contains the detailed geologic summary, interpretation report, standard deviation maps, pseudo-contour maps, interpretation map, flight line and geologic base map, individual corrected profiles, computer map unit histograms and statistical tables for the Sault Sainte Marie and Blind River quadrangles.

This report is one part of the second volume containing data on quadrangles of Texas and Nebraska. This volume contains the detailed geologic summary, interpretation report, standard deviation maps, pseudo-contour maps, interpretation map, flight line and geologic base map, individual corrected profiles, computer map unit histograms and statistical tables for the Tyler quadrangle.

This report is one part of the second volume containing data on quadrangles of Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas and Louisiana. This volume contains the detailed geologic summary, interpretation report, standard deviation maps, pseudo-contour maps, interpretation map, flight line and geologic base map, individual corrected profiles, computer map unit histograms and statistical tables for the Waco quadrangle in Texas.

Final report documenting a high-sensitivity airborne radiometric and magnetic survey of the Rapid City quadrangle including the survey description, specifications, data processing methods, interpretation methods, and regional geologic review.

First volume of a final report documenting the results of an airborne radiometric and magnetic survey in a portion of Alaska, including a description of the survey methods, calibration of the systems, data processing and displays, and interpretation methods.

Second volume of a final report documenting the results of an airborne radiometric and magnetic survey, including data displays and interpretation results for the Nulato quadrangle.

First volume of a final report documenting the results of an airborne radiometric and magnetic survey in a portion of Alaska, including a description of the survey methods, calibration of the systems, data processing and displays, and interpretation methods.

Second volume of a final report documenting the results of an airborne radiometric and magnetic survey, including data displays and interpretation results for the Unalakleet quadrangle.

A manual has been developed by the Health Physics Group to establish procedures for routine testing of industrial and analytical x-ray equipment for compliance with applicable LASL administrative requirements and technical bulletins. Radiation protection survey procedures were developed for the following types of equipment: x-ray diffraction and fluorescence analysis systems, industrial cabinet x-ray systems, industrial noncabinet x-ray systems, and electron microscopes.

On June 26, 1977, it was first reported that aluminum fuel canisters stored in the KE Basin were experiencing corrosion to the extent that canister integrity could be jeopardized should the canister remain in storage for an extended period. In an effort to determine the extent of the corrosion, and to monitor its progress, a fuel canister from the KE Basin was examined on July 6, 1977, February 14, 1978, and on August 23, 1979. Two canisters from the N Basin were examined on February 2, 1978. One canister from the KW Basin was examined on August 23, 1979. The purpose of this document is to report the results of the examinations. The aluminum fuel canisters stored in the KE Basin are experiencing severe pitting corrosion; however, the examination results to date indicate that the rate of the pitting is diminishing with storage time. After approximately 4 1/2 years storage time, the maximum pit depth reached was 42 mils under a corrosion product tubercle that had been disturbed or cleaned three times versus 34 mils under a tubercle that had not previously been cleaned. Weld bead corrosion is occurring only on the weld bead itself, not at the weld bead-to-canister …

In Section II, Theoretical Modeling, theories for the capture of electrons by deep centers in hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) and for field-dependent quantum efficiency in a-Si:H are presented. In Section III, Deposition and Doping Studies, the optimization of phosphorus-doped a-Si:H carried out in four different discharge systems is described. Some details of the dc proximity and rf magnetron discharge systems are also provided. Preliminary mass spectroscopy studies of the rf magnetron discharge in both SiH/sub 4/ and SiF/sub 4/ are presented. In Section IV, Experimental Methods for Characterizing a-Si:H, recent work involving photoluminescence of fluorine-doped a-Si:H, photoconductivity spectra, the photoelectromagnetic effect, the photo-Hall effect and tunneling into a-Si:H is presented. Also, studies of the growth mechanism of Pt adsorbed on both crystalline Si and a-Si:H are described. Measurements of the surface photovoltage have been used to estimate the distribution of surface states of phosphorus-doped and undoped a-Si:H. Section V, Formation of Solar-Cell Structures, contains information on stacked or multiple-junction a-Si:H solar cells. In Section VI, Theoretical and Experimental Evaluation of Solar-Cell Parameters, an upper limit of approx. = 400 A is established for the hole diffusion length in undoped a-Si:H. A detailed description of carrier generation, recombination and transport in …

The purpose of this research was to analyze past and present federal incentives to production of various energy sources and thereby assist the Division of Conservation and Solar Applications, Department of Energy, in the study and recommendation of federal incentives for the development of solar energy. The research was divided into five parts: a survey of current thought about incentives for solar energy production; the theoretical approach to analyzing and characterizing incentives; a generic view of the energy incentive creating landscape for 1978; analysis of the major energy sources (nuclear, hydro, coal, electricity, oil, and gas) along their trajectories from exploration to waste management, including their costs in 1978 dollars; and insights into potential incentives for solar policy. Economic, political, organizational, and legal viewpoints were considered in formulating the typology of incentives. Eight types of incentives were identified.

The Fast Mixed-Spectrum Reactor (FMSR) concept has been proposed by BNL as a means of alleviating certain nonproliferation concerns relating to civilian nuclear power. This breeder reactor concept has been tailored to operate on natural uranium feed (after initial startup), thus eliminating the need for fuel reprocessing. The fissile material required for criticality is produced, in situ, from the fertile feed material. This process requires that large burnup and fluence levels be achievable, which, in turn, necessarily implies that large fission-product inventories will exist in the reactor. It was the purpose of this study to investigate the effects of large fission-product inventories and to analyze the effect of burnup on fission-product nuclide distributions and effective cross sections. In addition, BNL requested that a representative 50-group fission-product library be generated for use in FMSR design calculations.

The four-meter fuel rod calorimetric system measures the thermal power produced by radioactive decay of fuel rods containing Pu. The Pu mass is related to the measured power through the weighted average of the product of the isotopic decay energies and the decay constants of the Pu isotopes present. U content has no effect since the thermal power produced by the U nuclides is insignificant when compared to Pu. Radiations from Pu are alpha particles and low-energy photons. This calorimeter will measure samples producing power up to 1.5 watts at a rate of one sample every 120 min. The instrument consists of a data-acquisition module made up of a microprocessor, with an 8K-byte nonvolatile memory, a control cabinet and the calorimeter chamber. (FS)

A district-heating system, based on thermal energy from power plants retrofitted to operate in the cogeneration mode, is expected to improve local air quality. This possibility has been examined by comparing the emissions of five major atmospheric pollutants, i.e., particulates, sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides, from the existing heating and electric system in the City of Boston with those from a proposed district heating system. Detailed, spatial distribution of existing heating load and fuel mix is developed to specify emissions associated with existing heating systems. Actual electric-power-plant parameters and generation for the base year are specified. Additional plant fuel consumption and emissions resulting from cogeneration operation have been estimated. Six alternative fuel-emissions-control scenarios are considered. The average annual ground-level concentrations of sulfur oxides are calculated using a modified form of the EPA's Climatological Dispersion Model. This report describes the methodology, the results and their implications, and the areas for extended investigation. The initial results confirm expectations. Average sulfur oxides concentrations at various points within and near the city drop by up to 85% in the existing fuels scenarios and by 95% in scenarios in which different fuels and more-stringent emissions controls at the plants are used. These …

This report surveys the status of NO/sub x/ control for stationary sources in Japan and analyzes applicability of the technology in the US. The principal control methods used in Japan are combustion modification and catalytic reduction using ammonia as the reducing agent. Noncatalytic reduction with ammonia is used to a limited degree. Wet scrubbing methods have been tested but are so unpromising that the development work has practically stopped. The combustion modification developments are applicable in this country but may not be any more effective than methods already under development in the US. Catalytic reduction is fully applicable for oil firing but for coal-fired boilers much more development work is needed to answer the several remaining questions. The needed research is presented in some detail. 16 figures.

The asphalt roofing industry manufactures approximately 10 million tons of product annually. This requires an estimated 40 trillion Btu's in process heat and 4 million tons of asphalt having a fuel value of 140 trillion Btu's. Energy savings in a number of areas appear possible. As an initial investigation, pilot equipment was installed on a commercial felt machine to determine whether saturation on the felt machine was feasible and whether energy savings would result. Work to date has demonstrated a process by which adequate saturation levels can be achieved. Energy savings are estimated at 3.7 trillion Btu's per year on an industry-wide basis. Further investigation requires evaluation of finished product and demonstration of the process on a commercial basis.