The purpose of this survey and study was to: review the available literature; contact developers, lending institutions, and other interested parties to determine their perceived need for Federal guarantees of financial obligations for AAPS research, development, demonstrations, and commercial availability; analyze the results; formulate conclusions; and make recommendations. A secondary purpose of the effort was to establish a dialogue with members of the automotive industry and the financial community which would facilitate development and rapid implementation of AAPS energy conservation programs. Results of the survey and study are presented. A background review of the complexities of advanced automotive propulsion systems and of financial incentives is presented in Section 2. Section 3 sets forth the methodology employed in developing the material for the report and reviews the information gathered through literature review, and individual and group discussions. The conclusions drawn from this information are summarized in Section 4, leading to the recommendations made in Section 5. Additionally, comprehensive appendices are provided for ready reference and ease in understanding the report.

An analysis of how political, social, and economic forces shaped the development of nuclear power in the US, USSR, Great Britain, France, Canada, and West Germany is presented.

This is the second volume presenting aerial gamma ray and magnetic survey data from the Denver quadrangle. This report contains data profiles, anomaly maps, flight path recovery map, and sample data.

This is the second volume presenting aerial gamma ray and magnetic survey data from the Pueblo quadrangle. This report contains data profiles, anomaly maps, flight path recovery map, and sample data.

Progress is reported in studies to determine the effect of acute, toxic exposures of ozone to alfalfa, potato, and soybean plants. The objective has been to correlate the foliar response with alterations in quality of the edible portion of the plant viz. the leaf, tuber and seed of alfalfa, potato and soybean, respectively. In 1977 we (1) modified our fumigation facilities, (2) developed protocol for studies with alfalfa and potato, and (3) conducted studies on flavonoid status of alfalfa and a series of parameters of potato tubers. In 1978 we (1) conducted more indepth studies with alfalfa, (2) repeated the potato study, (3) began to develop protocol for measuring additional parameters of alfalfa and potato quality, and (4) developed protocol for cultivating and exposing soybean plants.

The following report is the second volume in a series of reports documenting airborne gamma-ray spectrometer and magnetometer survey results. The data on this report focuses on the Kingman quadrangle.

The following report is the second volume in a series of reports documenting airborne gamma-ray spectrometer and magnetometer survey results. The data on this report focuses on the Las Vegas quadrangle.

The following report is the second volume in a series of reports documenting airborne gamma-ray spectrometer and magnetometer survey results. The data on this report focuses on the Prescott quadrangle in Arizona.

This is a airborne reconnaissance report of the Williams Quadrangle in Arizona.

This is an airborne reconnaissance report on several quadrangles in Arizona, California, and Nevada.

A quantitative description of nuclear backscattering and reaction processes is made. Various formulas pertinent to nuclear microanalysis are assembled in a manner useful for experimental application. Convolution integrals relating profiles of atoms in a metal substrate to the nuclear reaction spectra obtained in the laboratory are described and computed. Energy straggling and multiple scattering are explicitly included and shown to be important. Examples of the application of the method to simple backscattering, oxide films, and implanted gas are discussed. 7 figures, 1 table.

Samples of perforated Type 310 stainless steel plates that were used as the air distributor grids for the Rivesville, West Virginia, and Alexandria, Virginia, atmospheric fluidized-bed combustors together with unexposed plate material were examined to determine the cause of cracking of the Rivesville plate. Intergranular cracks in the Rivesville plate are associated with massive sigma phase precipitates on grain boundaries. Both plates buckled during service, probably because of thermal stresses, but the greatest measured strain occurred in the Alexandria plate. Some operating history differences might explain why the Alexandria plate buckled but did not fail. Either designing new air distributors to reduce thermal expansion strains or to allow free expansion or selecting a material that can deform under the service conditions without cracking might improve future plant operations.

This study considers the major urbanized areas of nine US cities to arrive at rough estimates of costs required to retrofit them with district energy systems (DES). Only those costs associated with heating and hot water are addressed here. Demand estimates and energy-supply analyses are made, and component capital costs are estimated to arrive at annualized system costs. Finally, a comparison of alternative energy-delivery options is made, and estimates of scarce-fuel savings are derived. 49 references, 20 figures, 14 tables.

A report by the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) analyzing "the laws governing Federal land management systems, the laws specifically applicable to Alaskan lands, and the major environmental and land-planning laws that affect access across Federal land management systems" (p. iii).

This paper reports a first effort to examine the surface of the UCLA tokamaks, Microtor and Macrotor, by analyzing samples that have been exposed to plasma discharge and cleaning for long periods. The samples were sent to the Surface Science Section at the Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL). There, Auger electron spectrometry and sputter profile techniques were used to examine the samples, which had been handled in atmospheric conditions after being removed from the tokamak.

A one-dimensional, steady state fluid model is developed to describe the boundary layer between plasma and magnetic field that occurs in the Tormac sheath. Similar systems which may be treatable by the same model are tokamaks with divertors and reversed field mirrors. The model includes transport across the magnetic field as well as mirror losses along the field, the latter being represented as annihilation terms in the one-dimensional equations. The model equations are derived from the two-dimensional, time dependent hierarchy of equations generated by taking velocity moments of the kinetic equation including collisions.

This report is divided into three parts. The first deals with the results of an analysis of the fusion problem in general, and heavy ion inertial fusion in particular. The second portion deals with the progress being made in the design and development of high current, high brightness pre-injectors and linear accelerators. The third deals with some experiments with space charge neutralization, bunching, etc.

This report applies the transient-flow simulation model to the Sacramento River in California; "the model has demonstrated that it can provide reliable daily mean as well as instantaneous discharge data," among other things. It includes a map, graphs, and tables.

AQUAMAN is an interactive computer code for calculating values of dose (50-year dose commitment) to man from aqueous releases of radionuclides from nuclear facilities. The data base contains values of internal and external dose conversion factors, and bioaccumulation (freshwater and marine) factors for 56 radionuclides. A maximum of 20 radionuclides may be selected for any one calculation. Dose and cumulative exposure index (CUEX) values are calculated for total body, GI tract, bone, thyroid, lungs, liver, kidneys, testes, and ovaries for each of three exposure pathways: water ingestion, fish ingestion, and submersion. The user is provided the option at the time of execution to change the default values of most of the variables, with the exception of the dose conversion factor values. AQUAMAN is written in FORTRAN for the PDP-10 computer.

Annual report of the Solar Energy Program describing work in solar energy collection, heating and cooling, thermal energy storage, ocean thermal energy conversion, photovoltaics, satellite power systems, bioconversion, central receiver solar thermal power, and wind energy conversion.

ASBLT is a computer program consisting of DATATRAN MODULES which was used during the manufacturing phase of LWBR to collect and evaluate as-built data. The program was part of the LWBR fuel rod inspection process and produced sections of module assembly certification reports. ASBLT used fuel pellet, fuel rod and module assembly data to compute core inventories and to supply input to nuclear design programs for as-built core calculations.

Annual summary data on power plant performance factors were obtained from the Edison Electric Institute (EEI). Preliminary checks showed many inconsistencies such as annual availability factors less than the corresponding capacity factors. More detailed checking of sample raw outage data as reported to the EEI reviealed discrepancies in the raw data and deficiencies in the handling of the data by the EEI computer programs.

Candidate ceramic matrials were evaluated on the basis of two potential temperature operating regimes: 600 to 1300/sup 0/C (1100 to 2400/sup 0/F) and 1300 to 2200/sup 0/C (2400 to 4000/sup 0/F). Discussion of properties important to the proposed application includes thermal shock resistance, tensile strength, creep resistance, oxidation resistance, vaporization rate, chemical inertness to process reactants and products, cost, and fabricability. Many ceramic materials were considered for the 600 to 1300/sup 0/C operating regime. On the basis of a significant data base on tensile strength, thermal expansion, thermal conductivity, fabricability, and stability, the leading candidates were identified, in decreasing order of preference, as (1) silicon carbide, (2) magnesium oxide, (3) cordierite (2MgO.2Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/.5SiO/sub 2/) known as MAS (4) aluminum oxide, (5) silicon nitride, (6) silicon aluminum oxynitrides (Si/sub w/Al/sub x/N/sub y/O/sub z/) known as sialons, and (7) beryllium oxide. Selection of candidate materials for the 1300 to 2200/sup 0/C regime was restricted because of the insufficient property data and operational experience on key performance parameters. Leading candidates were identified, in decreasing ordr of preference, as (1) zirconium oxide (Y/sub 2/O/sub 3/) stabilized), (2) magnesium oxide, (3) cerium oxide, (4) beryllium oxide, (5) calcium oxide, and (6) thorium and uranium …

The results of a study of the feasibility of recommissioning a small, low-head hydroelectric facility in southeastern Michigan are presented. The study concludes that there are several cost-effective designs for recommissioning the site, based on the use of vertical turbines and the sale of power to nearby industrial markets. In terms of the bulk sale of power to the local electric utility, no cost-effective alternatives were found to exist. A major burden on project cost-effectiveness was found to be the relatively large costs for structural repairs to the dam and powerhouse needed to insure safe operation and on adequate service life. From an engineering standpoint it was found that the items of equipment needed to recommission the site are readily available from both US and foreign manufacturers. A variety of hydraulic turbine designs could be successfully adapted to the existing powerhouse, without extensive new construction. It was determined that the production capacity of the facility had an important influence on the cost-effectiveness of the project. A detailed benefit/cost analysis was conducted to identify the optimum facility size in terms of incremental costs and revenues. A detailed environmental assessment using an impact matrix methodology concluded that the development of the facility …