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343
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61
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30
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28
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2,942
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476
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Year
Month
Krypton-85 Storage in Solid Matrices.
Storage of Kr-85 will be required in support of nuclear power reactors beginning in 1983. Both approaches described here appear to meet the requirements for such a storage medium. Entrapment of the Kr during sputtering has several rather obvious safety advantages. The operation of the process at low rho and at or below room temperature should reduce markedly the potential for significant Kr-85 release to the environment during processing of the waste stream. It also appears that adaptation of this process for handling radioactive materials would also be simpler than the large high pressure, high temperature apparatus required for loading the glass sample. Furthermore, a significantly higher Kr loading is possible in the sputtered metals thus reducing the volume required for storage by as much as a factor of 50 to 100. On the other hand, the low density loaded glass process takes advantage of a very inexpensive starting material and existing commercial technology for high temperature, high pressure processes. The volume of the Kr-loaded glass matrix could be reduced by going to still higher pressures.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Tingey, G. L.; McClanahan, E. D.; Bayne, M. A.; Gray, W. J. & Hinman, C. A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Continuous Czochralski growth: silicon sheet growth development of the large area silicon sheets task of the Low Cost Silicon Solar Array Project. Ninth quarterly progress report, October 1-December 31, 1979
During this reporting period, four more 100 kg continuous runs were completed to satisfy the six required by the project extension. One of the four (2*) was performed using a new standard CG2000 RC grower, using accessory equipment and process techniques developed under this project. The sixth and final 100 kg continuous run was performed with purified carbon parts and resulted in the best results to date. Run No. 62 resulted in 103.0 kg being pulled from 104.5 kg total charge weight (98.6% pulled yield). Of this 103 kg grown, 89.3 kg were monocrystalline. Moreover, 72.2 kg was OD material. Another encouraging result was that 85% of the eighth crystal was monocrystalline and 67% of the ninth and last crystal was monocrystaline after ninety seven hours of continuous growth. Impurity analysis data indicate that impurity build-up in grown crystals during 100 kg continuous runs is insignificant. However, the results indicate that impurities tend to accumulate in the crucible. Moreover, impurity analysis performed on new crucibles indicates that these new crucibles may not be as pure as the manufacturer's literature states. Solar cell efficiency data from two 100 kg continuous runs were received this quarter with very encouraging results. The average …
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Lane, R.L. & Roberts, E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Industrial Fuel Gas Demonstration Plant Program. Phase I. Report/final report (Deliverable No. 5). [Identification of phase I activities, deliverable items and dates submitted]
None
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
First workshop on ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions. [LBL, May 21-24, 1979]
A separate abstract was prepared for each of the 12 papers in this report. (RWR)
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Audio-magnetotelluric data log and station-location map for the Ennis Hot Springs area, Montana
Twenty audio-magnetotelluric soundings collected to assist in a regional evaluation of the geothermal potential of the Ennis Hot Springs area are presented.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Long, C.L. & Senterfit, R.M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Deep-drilling data, Raft River geothermal area, Idaho: Raft River geothermal injection well No. 6
The drilling data include the litholog and the following logs: dual induction-focused, acoustilog, compensated neutron, gamma, compensated densilog, and temperature.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Covington, H.R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
MHD power generation research, development and engineering. Quarterly progress report, October-December 1979
Progress is reported on the following tasks: characterization of coal for open-cycle MHD power generation systems; compressive creep and strength studies of MHD preheater materials; preparation of coals for utilization in direct coal-fired MHD generation; characterization of volatile matter in coal; MHD materials evaluation; operability of the Moderate Temperature Slag Flow Facility; slag-seed equilibria and separations related to the MHD system; thermionic emission of coal and electrode materials; MHD instrumentation, consolidated inversion simulator, and data acquisition; combined MHD-steam plant cycle analysis and control; and slag physical properties - electrical and thermal conductivity. (WHK)
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Comparison of cesium iodide and gold photocathodes for x-ray streak cameras
X-ray streak cameras at Lawrence Livermore Laboratory use gold transmission photocathodes for x-ray detection. Other photocathode materials which might provide improved sensitivity without loss of temporal resolution are of interest. Of particular interest are dielectrics such as cesium iodide. Simultaneous measurements of the sensitivity to 500 eV x-rays of both gold and cesium iodide photocathodes in the LLL Soft X-ray Streak Camera were made. Enhanced sensitivity with the Csl photocathodes is reported and no degradation of temporal resolution for 100 ps x-ray pulses is seen. We have established the optimum thickness for maximum sensitivity of gold photocathodes to be 100 A. The maximum sensitivity of cesium iodide was observed for photocathode thickness of 1100 A.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Stradling, G.L.; Medecki, H.; Attwood, D.T.; Kauffman, R.L. & Henke, B.L.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
LOFT DTT rake pin stress analysis
A stress analysis of the 3/8-inch and 1/4-inch pins which hold the rake assembly to the flange was performed and shows stresses to be lower than the Class 1 allowables of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. The alternating pin stresses were found to be below the endurance limit and fatigue failure will not occur. The rake assembly was assumed to be loaded by steady drag and lift forces and alternating vortex shedding forces.
Date:
January 23, 1979
Creator:
Mosby, W.R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Iodine adsorption on steel in helium
The equilibrium loading of iodine on low chromium alloy steel as functions of iodine partial pressure, temperature, and metal surface conditions were measured. Desorption rates as functions of temperature and He purity were found and the hazards of iodine release as related to licensing and operation were studied. (FS)
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Osborne, M.F. & Briggs, R.B.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Radiosensitivity in plants
The report presents a compilation of available data on the sensitivity of plants to ionizing radiation, and provides basic information on methods of determining such sensitivities, or of estimating radiosensitivities by calcuation of the nuclear factors upon which they depend. The scope of the data presented here is necessarily limited to the most generally useful radiobiological end points and to the most commonly-used types of radiation. Many of the factors which influence radiosensitivity, particularly nuclear factors, will be discussed. Emphasis will be upon whole-plant studies done at Brookhaven National Laboratory by A.H. Sparrow and his associates, since these studies are the source of most of the available radiosensitivity data and of all the sensitivity predictions listed here. Data presented here include summaries of experimentally-determined radiosensitivities at various end points for both herbaceous and woody higher plants, and for a few species of ferns and lower plants. The algae and fungi have not been considered here due to space limitations.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Nauman, A F
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of resin-bead isotope-dilution mass spectrometric techniques for Tc-99 analysis
An isotope dilution mass spectrometric method was developed for the analysis of Tc-99 after isolating it onto anion exchange resin beads. A single resin bead containing Tc-99 and Tc-97 spike is loaded onto a rhenium V-shaped filament for thermal emission mass spectrometry. The application of this technique requires the use of a mass spectrometer of high abundance sensitivity and pulse counting capability for the necessary ion detection sensitivity. This paper discusses the development of the technique, including the mass spectrometer, choice of filament material, scanning modes, interferences, and present achievable sample sensitivities.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Walker, R.L.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Short residence time hydropyrolysis of coal. Technical progress report, 1 October 1979-31 December 1979
A fundamental study of the hydropyrolysis of small coal particles at high pressures and short residence times of both solid and gas is underway to elucidate the chemical and physical rate processes governing the yield and product distributions. Our experimental system has been designed to rapidly heat and quench small samples of coal in batch. Heating rates to 10/sup 4/ degree C/s and temperatures to 1000/sup 0/C are feasible, and quench times of the order of 50 ms have been achieved. Throughout the temperature program all volatile products are swept continuously from the coal particles by a stream of flowing gases and coled abruptly at a fixed point downstream of the reactor. The flowing stream will range from pure helium to pure hydrogen at pressures up to 100 atm and temperatures to 1000/sup 0/C. After cooling, products are swept through a set of traps which will fractionate them for subsequent elemental and chromatographic analyses. In addition the small particles can be observed during reaction through a viewing port equipped with a microscope and high-speed movie camera or video recorder. Our objectives are (1) to control the environmental conditions as closely as possible to isolate competing rate processes and (2) to …
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Saville, D. A. & Russel, W. B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Characteristics of synchrotron radiation and of its sources
Synchrotron light emission and the classical relativistic electromagnetic theory describing it are reviewed. The electron optics of storage rings are considered in some detail, beginning with the ideal electron orbit and the distribution which electrons take around it. This is folded with the process of synchrotron light emission itself to define the effective photon source. The predictions of classical relativistic theory are compared with experiment, and one finds agreement within the experimental uncertainties. Further refinements, such as wiggler magnets and free electron lasers are also considered. (GHT)
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Krinsky, S.; Perlman, M. L. & Watson, R. E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Disposal of radioactive wastes
Radioactive waste management and disposal requirements options available are discussed. The possibility of beneficial utilization of radioactive wastes is covered. Methods of interim storage of transuranium wastes are listed. Methods of shipment of low-level and high-level radioactive wastes are presented. Various methods of radioactive waste disposal are discussed. (DC)
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Blomeke, J. O.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Physics of burn control in tokamak reactors
A one-dimensional multifluid transport code was used to investigate some of the critical physics considerations for long burn times in a tokamak fusion reactor. Among these are the effects of helium ash build-up, toroidal field ripple, and fueling in the presence of a divertor. Particle and energy transport models are based on extrapolations from present day devices.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Attenberger, S.E. & Houlberg, W.A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Tests of perturbative quantum chromodynamics in photon-photon collisions
The production of hadrons in the collision of two photons via the process e/sup +/e/sup -/ ..-->.. e/sup +/e/sup -/X can provide an ideal laboratory for testing many of the features of the photon's hadronic interactions, especially its short-distance aspects. That part of two-photon physics which is particularly relevant to tests of perturbative QCD is reviewed here. 6 figures.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Brodsky, Stanley J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Phase 2 of the array automated assembly task for the Low Cost Solar Array Project. Final report, October 1, 1978-October 30, 1979
The process sequence for the fabrication of dendritic web silicon into solar panels has been modified to include aluminum back surface field formation. Sputtering is the preferred method for depositing the aluminum. Plasma etching has been shown to be a feasible technique for pre-diffusion cleaning of the web. This would replace wet chemical cleaning. Several contacting systems have been studied. The total plated Pd-Ni system (Motorola Process) is not compatible with our process sequence; however, the evaporated TiPd-electroplated Cu system has been shown stable under life testing. Ultrasonic bonding parameters have been determined for various interconnect and contact metals but the yield of the process is not sufficiently high to use for module fabrication at this time. Over 400 solar cells, about 11 cm/sup 2/ in area have been fabricated according to the modified sequence. No sub-process incompatibility was seen. These cells have been used to fabricate four demonstration modules. A cost analysis (SAMICS) of the modified process sequence resulted in a selling price of $0.75/peak watt (1980$ in 1986).
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Campbell, R. B.; Davis, J. R.; Ostroski, J. W.; Rai-Choudhury, P.; Rohatgi, A.; Seman, E. J. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Ferruginous Hawks and Geothermal Development. Annual Report
The effects on nesting ferruginous hawks of impact treatments was studied. These treatments were undertaken as follows: 3 nests were visited on foot; 3 were visited by vehicle; 3 were disturbed by discharging firearms; and 2 were disturbed by placing continuously operating engines near them. Data recorded include the general behavior of adults, their presence or absence, time of visit, and conspicuous environmental conditions. Nest failures and young per attempted nesting are given and compared with controls. (MHR)
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
White, C. M. & Thurow, T. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
(Structure and function in photosynthetic membranes and their components). Annual progress report, December 1, 1978-November 30, 1979
Structure and function are being studied in photosynthetic membranes and their components, principally with Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides. That bacteriochlorophyll (Bchl) can have a strongly shifted absorption maximum in the membrane, without the involvement of excitonic Bchl-Bchl interactions was demonstrated. The orientations of pigments in the membrane are being determined, and the orientations of four distinguishable carotenoid components are under investigation. These studies provide data for computations of energy transfer and electron tunneling, and may bear on the mechanism of the electrogenic shifts of the absorption bands of carotenoids. New complexities in the absorption spectra of cytochromes were discovered, and new data concerning the distribution of carotenoids between antenna and reaction centers (RCs) in the membrane, and possible differences in their isomeric configuration were obtained. Antenna pigment-protein complexes and mutant phenotypes obtained elsewhere have been characterized. A corrected interpretation of the action of orthophenanthroline as an inhibitor of electron transport was presented. Analyses of RCs from Rp. viridis raised the possibility that the bound cytochromes Cyt 552 and Cyt 558 might consist of hemes attached to the RC protein. In collaboration with researchers at Harvard, an unusual temperature dependence for photoconversion of allophycocyanin isolated from cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) was found that has …
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Clayton, R.K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Role of temperate zone forests in the world carbon cycle: problem definition and research needs
The proceedings of a workshop on carbon uptake and losses from temperate zone forests are presented. The goals of the workshop were to analyze existing data on growth and utilization of the temperate zone forest carbon pool and to identify further research needs in relation to the role of temperate forests in the global carbon cycle. Total standing stock and growth recovery transients were examined for most of the temperate region over a period from pre-settlement times to the present, with emphasis on the last three decades. Because of data availability, certain regions and topics were covered more in detail than others. Forest inventory data from most of the commercial timberlands of the north temperate zone suggest these forests have functioned over the past several decades as an annual sink for about 10/sup 9/ metric tons of carbon. Thus, net growth of these forests has withdrawn carbon from the atmosphere at a rate equivalent, approximately, to 50% of the annual rise in atmospheric carbon. Various data inadequacies make this estimate probably no more precise than plus or minus half of the value. Analysis of growth and vegetation changes in New England and the southeastern United States shows that forest biomass …
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Armentano, T.V. & Hett, J. (eds.)
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Secondary electron emission in ion-atom collisions
The spatial distributions and correlation of stochastic energy deposition events produced in macromolecular volumes by a radiation field are of increasing importance in understanding radiation effects in biological materials. Studies of radiation action involving cell inactivation and mutation as well as single- and double-strand breaks in DNA indicate that energy deposition in volumes as small as nanometer dimensions may be required for interpretation. Correlation of spatial and temporal energy deposition events may be particularly important where the radiation effects result from pairing of sublesions within a specified volume. These examples demonstrate a clear need for knowledge of the energy concentrations randomly deposited in very small volumes in and near the paths of charged particles. Because direct measurement of energy deposition in such small sites is not technically feasible, it is necessary to develop mathematical models capable of calculating the desired quantities. Realistic computational methods, however, require a comprehensive data base of basic interaction cross sections. This data base must include interaction probabilities for the primary and all secondary radiation products. Of particular interest are the cross sections for the production of secondary electrons in primary ionizing events. In the present work, we will consider the extent to which this data …
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Toburen, L. H. & Wilson, W. E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Experimental /sup 233/U nondestructive assay with a random driver
Nondestructive assay (NDA) of /sup 233/U in quantities up to 15 grams containing 7 ppM /sup 232/U age 2 years was investigated with a random driver. A passive singles counting technique showed a reproducibility within 0.2% at the 95% confidence level. This technique would be applicable throughout a process in which all of the /sup 233/U had the same /sup 232/U content at the same age. Where the /sup 232/U content varies, determination of /sup 233/U fissile content would require active NDA. Active coincidence counting utilizing a /sup 238/Pu, Li neutron source and a plastic scintillator detector system showed a reproducibility limit within 15% at the 95% confidence limit. The active technique was found to be very dependent on the detector system resolving time in order to make proper random coincidence corrections associated with the high gamma activity from the /sup 232/U decay chain.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Goris, P.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Radiological and Environmental Research Division annual report, October 1978-September 1979. Part I. Fundamental molecular physics and chemistry
Research on the chemical physics of atoms and molecules, especially their interaction with external agents such as photons and electrons is reported. Abstracts of seven individual items from the report were prepared separately for the data base. (GHT)
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library