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Sintering of polycrystalline ionic conductors:. beta. ''-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ and NASICON
The densification kinetics for both ..beta..''-alumina and NASICON are dramatically different. ..beta..''-Alumina sinters by a reactive liquid process whereas NASICON densifies by a solid state method. More importantly, a qualitative examination of particle and agglomerate distributions, phase composition, linear shrinkage analysis, and heating rate effects can result in a concise determination of sintering processes without recourse to more quantitative techniques. Such a simple procedural method should be a basis for any beginning investigative study into the densification mechanism of new multicomponent ceramic materials.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
McEntire, B. J.; Miller, G. R. & Gordon, R. S.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Redox reactions involving chromium, plutonium, and manganese in soils
Plutonium speciation in soils is discussed. Chromium was selected as a model for studying soil Pu. Similarities between Cr and Pu are pointed out, and a hypotheses concerning Pu speciation in soils is presented. Findings from Cr oxidation studies that may be relevant to the problem of Pu oxidation in soils are discussed. (JGB)
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Amacher, M.C. & Baker, D.E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Field radiography using 100 Ci of Co-60 without interrupting adjacent manufacturing operations
Radiography is the primary method of Nondestructive Examination recognized by the ASME B and PV Code as providing objective evidence of volumetric examination of the pressure boundary welds that are present in the Clinch River Breeder Reactor Program (CRBRP) Steam Generator. In order to support the steam generator production schedule, the radiographic examinations must be performed without interrupting any other manufacturing or inspection operations taking place within a 20-ft radius from the source. This condition imposes rigorous radiation safety requirements since the gamma radiation sources chosen to be used for examination of the pressure boundary welds, Co-60 and Ir-192, are very energetic. Co-60 gamma ray energy is 1.17 and 1.33 MeV and Ir-192 gamma ray is .6 MeV. The hazard of using such a high energy sources in the immediate vicinity of working personnel has necessitated the need for a thorough evaluation of methods of protection. Personnel protection from penetrating radiation, both x-ray and gamma ray, is accomplished by ingenious use, singly or in combination, of two factors which reduce radiation intensity. These factors are distance and shielding. In all radiographic operations the primary consideration is for personnel safety. The maximum radiation dose rate limit will be 0.002 rem/hr. This …
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Donnelly, C.W.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Decommissioning of commercial shallow-land burial sites
Estimated costs and safety considerations for decommissioning LLW burial grounds have been evaluated. Calculations are based on a generic burial ground assumed to be located at a western and an eastern site. Decommissioning modes include: (1) site stabilization followed by long-term care of the site; and (2) waste relocation. Site stabilization is estimated to cost from $0.4 million to $7.5 million, depending on the site and the stabilization option chosen. Long-term care is estimated to cost about $100,000 annually, with somewhat higher costs during early years because of increased site maintenance and environmental monitoring requirements. Long-term care is required until the site is released for unrestricted public use. Occupational and public safety impacts of site stabilization and long-term care are estimated to be small. Relocation of all the waste from a reference burial ground is estimated to cost more than $1.4 billion and to require more than 20 years for completion. Over 90% of the cost is associated with packaging, transportation, and offsite disposal of the exhumed waste. Waste relocation results in significant radiation exposure to decommissioning workers.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Murphy, E. S. & Holter, G. M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Long-term leaching of irradiated spent fuel
Spent Light Water Reactor (LWR) fuel with burnups of 9, 28 and 54 MWd/kg U were leach tested at 25/sup 0/C in deionized water in a Paige apparatus. No discernible differences in leach rates were observed due to burnup. Additionally, the 28 MWd/kg U fuel was IAEA leach tested in five different leachants using the IAEA method. Deionized water gave the highest leach rates and a calcium chloride solution gave the lowest leach rates. An accelerated leaching period was observed during the Paige leach test of the 54 MWd/kg U spent fuel. Comparison between spent fuel and borosilicate waste glass leach rates was made. In sodium bicarbonate solution the leach rates are near equal and the glass becomes increasingly more durable with CaCl/sub 2/ solution, followed by sodium chloride solution, WIPP B brine and deionized water where the glass is two to three orders of magnitude more leach resistant than spent fuel. 16 figures.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Katayama, Y. B. & Bradley, D. J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Experimental process system development unit for producing semiconductor-grade silicon using the silane-to-silicon process. Quarterly progress report, October-December 1979
This program consists of the engineering design, fabrication, assembly, operation, economic analysis, and process support R and D for an Experimental Process System Development Unit (EPSDU). EPSDU equipment specification, vendor development, and evaluation of quotations represent a significant effort which will permit the start of ordering EPSDU equipment during the next quarter. Initial mini-burner test results are encouraging. It appears that a fairly simple and cost-effective waste treatment system may be possible. Engineering design packages such as the P and I, electrical one-line, and layout are also progressing well. The free-space reactor PDU was assembled and is undergoing checkout. The modified seal and shaft of the reactor scraper ran with limited success. A computer modeling of the PDU has been prepared using a two-dimensional axisymmetric model with recirculation. Some test runs have been made. Work on determination of the critical silane decomposition in a fixed bed has been completed. The data generated follow the extension of the Murthy's data. This data, along with the deposition rate data to be acquired, will be used in the fluid-bed reactor design. Present test data show that capacitive heating of the fluid bed and particle separation in a boot are very promising.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Exploding the myths about the fast breeder reactor
This paper discusses the facts and figures about the effects of conservation policies, the benefits of the Clinch River Breeder Reactor demonstration plant, the feasibility of nuclear weapons manufacture from reactor-grade plutonium, diversion of plutonium from nuclear plants, radioactive waste disposal, and the toxicity of plutonium. The paper concludes that the U.S. is not proceeding with a high confidence strategy for breeder development because of a variety of false assumptions.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Burns, S.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Industrial Fuel Gas Demonstration Plant Program. Procurement schedule for long-lead items (Deliverable No. 48)
The long-lead items required for the Industrial Fuel Gas Demonstration Plant are given. Utilizing the Construction Plan (Deliverable No. 37), which is based upon 48 months to the completion of Phase II, the delivery requirements for each equipment item were determined. Required delivery dates were ascertained from the erection sequence for IFG Demonstration Plant units and equipment items. Lead times established by FWEC procurement personnel were then applied to arrive at a date when procurement action must be initiated. Procurement schedules for all equipment items are included in this document. Also evaluated were the activities required prior to actual placement of the order. Appropriate time has been included at the front end for receipt of vendor quotes, evaluation, and the recommendation for award to DOE and DOE approval (if required). The first milestone indicated on these schedules is the issuance of bid packages to prospective vendors. This is the required month to begin procurement activities to maintain the program time table. Six items have been determined to be long-lead time procurement items. The complete engineering, drafting, and procurement schedules for such items can be determined by referring to respective equipment numbers on the enclosed schedules.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Recycled used fluorescent light tube solar water heater. Final technical report
A project to investigate methods that might be used to utilize old fluorescent light tubes as solar water heater components then to produce a booklet of instructions for others to use to construct their own water heaters is described. Various methods of opening, cleaning and shaping the ends of the tubes were attempted. The reflective material needed inside some of the heaters was mylar and worked quite well but the Btu gain was disappointing. There were problems with the cement used and epoxy resin was finally used. Two types of collectors using reflectors also used temperature differential thermostats and small pumps. One thermosyphon model used no reflectors nor tube length copper pipe; it produced more Btu's per day than either motorized model. Preliminary test data are included. It was found that for Guam at least, the reflector type collectors I developed would not produce hot enough water for absorption type refrigeration.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Jaquette, F M
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Review of Gaussian diffusion-deposition models
The assumptions and predictions of several Gaussian diffusion-deposition models are compared. A simple correction to the Chamberlain source depletion model is shown to predict ground-level airborne concentrations and dry deposition fluxes in close agreement with the exact solution of Horst.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Horst, T.W.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Purification of phospholamban, a 22,000 dalton protein from cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum that is specifically phosphorylated by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase
Very low concentrations deoxycholate (DOC) were used to isolate two proteins from canine cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum. These two proteins are phospholamban, a 22,000 dalton protein, and the Ca/sup 2 +/ + Mg/sup 2 +/-ATPase, the major protein of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, responsible for the active transport of calcium. The 22,000 dalton protein is first solubilized in a very low concentration of DOC and then subjected to column chromatography. After molecular weight sieving on a Sephadex G-75 column, the 22,000 dalton protein appears as a purified protein on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gels. The purified protein is specifically phosphorylated by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase. Phospholipids are still bound to the isolated protein. The Ca/sup 2 +/ + Mg/sup 2 +/-ATPase is purified by first solubilizing all the extrinsic proteins with a low concentration of DOC. An increasing amount of DOC is then added to yield the purified Ca/sup 2 +/ + Mg/sup 2 +/-ATPase. This protein is at least 95% pure. Adding additional DOC to the purified enzyme enhances the enzyme's ability to hydrolyze ATP. (ERB)
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Bidlack, J. M. & Shamoo, A. E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
INEL waste cleanup
Decommissioning and decontamination activities at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory are discussed. The projects planned and completed are presented. Problems encountered on these projects are discussed. A developmental program is recommended. Contaminated areas consist of test reactors, reactor support facilities, a fuel reprocessing facility and various soil areas. One D and D project in 1960 occurred as a result of an accident at a low-power reactor in which 3 persons were killed, the reactor and containment building were destroyed, and large areas of land were contaminated. (DC)
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Chapin, J.A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Aquatic microbial ecology
Individual abstracts are included in the database. (PSB)
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Colwell, R.R.; Foster, J. & Ahearn, H.L. (eds.) eds.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Natural Radioactive Isotopes of Beryllium in the Environment
Each of the papers was abstracted in dividually for ERA/EDB/INIS. (JGB)
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Nevada geothermal commercialization planning. Semi-annual progress report, January 1, 1979-June 30, 1979
Progress in planning and outreach activities needed for stimulation of the development and utilization of geothermal resources in Nevada is reviewed. (MHR)
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Jackson, K.L.; Sasek, R. & Clark, N.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Geopressured-geothermal energy development: government incentives and institutional structures
The following subjects are included: a geothermal resource overview, the evolution of the current Texas geopressured-geothermal institutional structure, project evaluation with uncertainty and the structure of incentives, the natural gas industry, the electric utility industry, potential governmental participants in resource development, industrial users of thermal energy, current government incentives bearing on geopressured-geothermal development, six profiles for utilization of the geopressured-geothermal resources in the mid-term, and probable impacts of new government incentives on mid-term resource utilization profiles. (MHR)
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Frederick, D.O.; Prestwood, D.C.L.; Roberts, K. & Vanston, J.H. Jr.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fluid inclusions in salt from the Rayburn and Vacherie domes, Louisiana
Core samples from the Rayburn and Vacherie salt domes in Louisiana were examined for fluid inclusions, in connection with the possible use of such domes for nuclear waste storage sites. Three types of fluid inclusions were found: brine, compressed gas, and oil (in decreasing volume percent abundance). The total amount of such fluids is small, certainly < 0.01 vol % and probably in the range 0.1 to 0.001 volume %, but the inclusions are highly erratic in distribution. Unlike many bedded salt deposits, the brine inclusions in this salt contain fluids that are not far from simple NaCl-H/sub 2/O solutions, with very little of other ions. One of three possible explanations for such fluids is that fresh water penetrated the salt at some unknown time in the past and was trapped; if such entry of fresh water has occurred in the past, it might also occur again in the future.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Roedder, E. & Belkin, H.E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Recent experimental measurements of the neutrino charged current cross sections
Recent experimental measurements of the neutrino charged current total cross sections are reviewed. (GHT)
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Theriot, D.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Research on alkaline zinc secondary electrodes with emphasis on model testing. Final report, June 15, 1976-August 31, 1979
The goal of this work was to obtain information useful in the improvement of life and performance of alkaline secondary cells utilizing porous zinc electrodes. Toward this end, experiments designed to test predictions of the most sophisticated mathematical models of the porous zinc electrode were performed. This approach is based on the conviction that the surest way to realize a significantly longer-lived zinc electrode is through better understanding of the electrode gained through the interaction between modeling and model revision based on feedback resulting from experimental testing of the models. Experiments performed have emphasized determination of the potential distribution over the surface of a flat rectangular porous zinc electrode operated under conditions of severly limited convective flow, the determination of potential distribution and concentration variations over the surface of similar electrodes when operated under normal flow conditions, and the evaluation of OH/sup -/ depletion as a failure mode in zinc electrodes operated under conditions of severely limited convective flow. Results of the experiments and interpretations of them in terms of the appropriate models are given. 17 figures, 5 tables.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Growth rates of breeder reactor fuel. Final report
During the contract period, a consistent formalism for the definition of the growth rates (and thus the doubling time) of breeder reactor fuel has been developed. This formalism was then extended to symbiotic operation of breeder and converter reactors. Further, an estimation prescription for the growth rate has been developed which is based upon the breeding worth factors. The characteristics of this definition have been investigated, which led to an additional integral concept, the breeding bonus.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Ott, K O
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Deep-drilling data, Raft River geothermal area, Idaho: Raft River geothermal injection well 7
The data include dual induction-focused log, acoustilog, compensated neutron log, gamma log, compensated densilog, temperature log, and lithology.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Covington, H.R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Catalyst and process development for the H/sub 2/ preparation from future fuel cell feedstocks. Quarterly progress report, October 1, 1978-December 31, 1978
The work done under this contract in the last quarter of 1978 was concerned with Phase I, which involved preliminary catalyst and process evaluation. The processes under study are hydrogen assisted steam reforming (HASR), catalytic partial oxidation (CPO), and autothermal steam reforming (ATR). Existing Engelhard test units were modified to carry out preliminary runs using the first two processes. Technical analysis to support work in this area consisted of heat and material balances constrained by equilibrium considerations. In a third task, the steam reforming of methanol to produce hydrogen was studied over two commercial low-temperature shift catalysts. Aging runs indicated good initial performance on both catalysts, but methanol conversion started to decline after a few hundred hours on stream.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Yarrington, R M; Feins, I R; Hwang, H S & Mayer, C P
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Planetary-Wave Behavior and Arctic Air Pollution
An attempt was made to relate episodes of air pollution at Barrow, Alaska, containing vanadium, to the behavior of planetary waves in middle and high latitudes. A stationarity index for planetary waves is defined as the ratio between amplitudes computed from monthly mean maps and the mean amplitudes computed on a daily basis and averaged over the same month, irrespective of phase angle. Longitude-time sections of 500-mb height anomalies at various latitudes are related to vanadium pollution episodes at Barrow.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Reiter, Elmar R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Algorithms and computer codes for atomic and molecular quantum scattering theory
This workshop has succeeded in bringing up 11 different coupled equation codes on the NRCC computer, testing them against a set of 24 different test problems and making them available to the user community. These codes span a wide variety of methodologies, and factors of up to 300 were observed in the spread of computer times on specific problems. A very effective method was devised for examining the performance of the individual codes in the different regions of the integration range. Many of the strengths and weaknesses of the codes have been identified. Based on these observations, a hybrid code has been developed which is significantly superior to any single code tested. Thus, not only have the original goals been fully met, the workshop has resulted directly in an advancement of the field. All of the computer programs except VIVS are available upon request from the NRCC. Since an improved version of VIVS is contained in the hybrid program, VIVAS, it was not made available for distribution. The individual program LOGD is, however, available. In addition, programs which compute the potential energy matrices of the test problems are also available. The software library names for Tests 1, 2 and 4 …
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Thomas, L. (ed.)
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library