A programmable, multiple-function timing module has been developed for use in transuranic (TRU) waste analysis applications at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory. The Programmable Multi-Timer (PRMT) is an expanded version of a module originally built for accelerator-based active photon interrogation experiments. During the course of the experiments, it became obvious that a more versatile timer was needed to meet several unforeseen requirements. The PRMT was designed to meet the new requirements and to serve as a general-purpose timing module for other applications.

The progress in development of special Microchannel Plates for particle tracking is reported. The requirements of (1) high spatial resolution; (2) high density of information; and (3) rate capability were found to be satisfied in a thick Microchannel Plate with a CsI coating operating in a focusing magnetic field. The measurements of the Microchannel Plate detection efficiency, gain and noise are presented for several detectors. The pictures of the passage and interaction of the high energy charged particles inside the detector are shown.

The purpose of the Workshop on High-Resolution, Large-Acceptance Spectrometers was to provide a means for exchange of information among those actively engaged in the design and construction of these new spectrometers. Thirty-seven papers were prepared for the data base.

The FED bulk shield provides protection from high-energy neutrons and gamma rays and removes nuclear heat generated. Bulk shield optimization calculations were conducted using the Los Alamos ONEDANT discrete ordinates and the General Atomic PATH point kernel codes. Six candidate steel alloys were considered.

Many of the vacuum problems faced by EBT will soon be shared by other plasma devices as high-power microwave systems and long pulse lengths become more common. The solutions used on EBT (such as the raised lip with elastomer seal) are not unique; however, experience has shown that microwave-compatible designs must be carefully thought out. All details of the vacuum must be carefully thought out. All details of the vacuum must be carefully screened in advance to insure that microwaves do not leak into pumps or diagnostics where they can cause major damage. Sputter coating, which even now is noticeably present in most pulsed plasma systems, becomes much worse as systems approach steady state. And finally, radiation degradation of components which is presently a minor problem will become significant on high-power microwave-fed devices, such as EBT-P.

Ion-beam depth-profiling was carried out on three different glasses leached (or hydrated) in deionized water using /sup 1/H(/sup 19/F,..cap alpha gamma..)/sup 16/O nuclear reaction, secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and sputter-induced photon spectrometry (SIPS) techniques. The depth-profiles show an interdiffusion mechanism in which the sodium ions in the glass are depleted and replaced by hydrogen (H/sup +/) or hydronium (H/sub 3/O/sup +/) ions from the solution. The leaching behavior does not show significant difference whether the glass surface is fractured or polished. Problems of mobile ion migration caused by ion bombardment and loss of hydrogen during analysis are discussed.

Particle size is a primary determinant of resources available to consumers and of the efficiency of energy transfer through planktonic food chains. Dual radioisotopic labeling (with /sup 14/C-bicarbonate and /sup 3/H-acetate) and size fractionation of naturally-occurring phytoplankton-bacterioplankton assemblages were employed to examine the particle size distributions of planktonic autotrophy and microheterotrophy in four limnologically-dissimilar US reservoirs (Lake Mead, Arizona-Nevada, oligo-mesotrophic; Broken Bow Lake, Oklahoma, mesotrophic; Lake Texoma, Oklahoma-Texas, eutrophic; and Normandy Lake, Tennessee, eutrophic). Small nano- and ultraphytoplankton (< 8.0 ..mu..m) and free-living bacteria (< 3.0 ..mu..m) were primarly responsible for planktonic autotrophy and microheterotrophy, respecitvely, even in eutrophic conditions. Zooplankton grazing experiments indicated that (1) most grazing pressure occurs on 3.0 to 8.0 ..mu..m particles, (2) grazer limitation of the occurrence of attached bacteria amd microbial-detrital aggregates is unlikely, and (3) free-living bacteria are inefficiently harvested, relative to algae, by most reservoir zooplankton. Relative to autorophy, the microheterotrophic conversion of allochthonous dissolved organic matter and algal excretion products to bacterial biomass appears unlikely to be a significant source of organic carbon for planktonic grazers in most reservoirs.

Separate abstracts were prepared for 17 papers in this conference proceedings. (LEW)

New long-wavelength-emitting, high-speed, liquid scintillators have been developed and tailored specifically for plasma diagnostic experiments employing fiber optics. These scintillators offer significant advantages over commercially available plastic scintillators in terms of sensitivity and bandwidth. FWHM response times as fast as 350 ps have been measured. Emission spectra, time response data, and relative sensitivity information are presented.

Previous studies have indicated that addition of nitrogen to Fe-inefficient PI54619-5-1 soybeans, when grown in calcareous Hacienda loam soil, intensified iron chlorosis. It was reasoned that when large amounts of nitrate were taken up, more hydroxyl ions were expelled by roots with resultant less availability of soil Fe. It was further reasoned that if N were fixed symbiotically, cation (K, Ca, Mg) uptake would considerably exceed anion (H/sub 2/PO/sup -//sub 4/, Cl/sup -/) uptake with no need for uptake of NO/sub 3//sup -/ with resultant increase in protons excreted. Iron availability then would be increased and there would be less Fe deficiency. An experiment was conducted with and without innoculation with the PI54619-5-1 soybeans in the calcareous soil to test the ability of nodules to prevent Fe chlorosis. The only plants in the experiment with nodules were those with innoculum added and these plants were most free of Fe chlorosis. Iron analyses indicated that the hypothesis may be correct. It can be concluded that cation-anion uptake balance has much to do with the onset of lime-induced chlorosis. The relative uptake of NH/sub 4//sup +/ and NO/sub 3//sup -/ species of nitrogen can be important considerations in the cation-anion balance.

For the 2-parameter Weibull distribution function F(t) = 1 - exp(-t/b)/sup c/, t > 0, with c and b positive, a moment estimator c* for c is the solution of the equationGAMMA(1 + 2/c*)/GAMMA/sup 2/ (1 + 1/c*) = 1 + v*/sup 2/ where v* is the coefficient of variation in the form ..sqrt..m/sub 2//m/sub 1/', m/sub 1/' being the sample mean, m/sub 2/ the sample second central moment (it is trivial in the present context to replace m/sub 2/ by the variance). One approach to the moments of c* (Bowman and Shenton, 1981) is to set-up moment series for the scale-free v*. The series are apparently divergent and summation algorithms are essential; we consider methods due to Levin (1973) and one, introduced ourselves (Bowman and Shenton, 1976).

Probabilistic risk analysis techniques, i.e., event tree and fault tree analysis, were utilized to provide a risk assessment of the Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant Unit 1. Browns Ferry 1 is a General Electric boiling water reactor of the BWR 4 product line with a Mark 1 (drywell and torus) containment. Within the guidelines of the IREP Procedure and Schedule Guide, dominant accident sequences that contribute to public health and safety risks were identified and grouped according to release categories.

A description is given of a number of the features of discrete and continuous spectra of electrons interacting with polar molecules. Attention is focused on the extent to which theoretical predictions concerning cross sections, resonances, and bound states are strongly influenced by the various approximations that are so ubiquitous in the treatment of such problems. Similarly, threshold scattering and photodetachment processes are examined for the case of weakly bound dipole states whose higher members overlap the continuum.

ISABELLE will be commissioned a few years after the anti p p colliders, whose plans and first results have been presented here. A look at the design goals for ISABELLE reveals that the two salient features offered in compensation for the later turn-on are high luminosity and (2 x 10/sup 5/-10/sup 6/mb/sup -1/sec/sup -1/) and the number of intersections available for physics. With expected Z/sup 0/ detection rates of in UA1, it is clear that all but the most rudimentary features of the standard picture will remain obscure until ISABELLE-like luminosity is available. Some nonstandard models will be hard to distinguish from the standard one until high statistics can be accumulated above the masses of the standard vector bosons. The availability of a relatively large number of intersections at ISABELLE means that there will be room for some highly specific setups which can capitalize on the high luminosity in high-precision or rare-process studies.

The Sixth annual conference on materials for coal conversion and utilization was held October 13-15, 1981 at the National Bureau of Standards Gaithersburg, Maryland. It was sponsored by the US Department of Energy, the Electric Power Research Institute, the Gas Research Institute and the National Bureau of Standards. Fifty-eight papers from the proceedings have been entered individually into EDB and ERA; four papers had been entered previously from other sources. (LTN)

We have derived two new techniques for solving the finite-element heat-transfer equations with highly nonlinear boundary conditions and material properties. When compared with the more commonly employed successive substitution and Newton-Raphson procedures, the new methods speed convergence rates and simultaneously increase the radius of convergence. We have observed reductions in computation time in excess of 80% when the new techniques are employed. The first method accelerates the standard Newton-Raphson approach when the degree of the nonlinearity is known (for example, radiation boundary conditions or a prescribed temperature dependence in the thermal conductivity). The second technique employs feedback to regulate the solution algorithm during execution. Comparisons of these techniques are given for several practical examples.

High energy x-ray backlighters are necessary to diagnose the implosion symmetry and stability of intermediate and high density targets. Synchronization requirements between the target irradiating pulse and the radiograph place severe constraints on the type of x-ray sources which can be used and favors laser irradiated backlighters. Data gathered on line emitters as a function of laser pulselength, wavelength and intensity in the 5 to 10 keV region are used to determine which diagnostic instruments will be feasible for ICF target experiments, and the requirements for backlighter irradiation.

Continued development of a system designed to grow crystals by physical vapor transport in the environment of Spacelab III will be described, with special emphasis on simulation of expected space conditions, adjustment of crystal growth parameters, and on board observation and control of the experiment by crew members and ground personnel. A critical factor in the use of mercuric iodide for semiconductor detectors of x-rays and gamma-rays is the crystalline quality of the material. The twofold purpose of the Spacelab III experiment is therefore to grow single crystals with superior electronic properties as an indirect result of the greatly reduced gravity field during the growth, and to obtain data which will lead to improved understanding of the vapor transport mechanism. The experiments planned to evaluate the space crystals, including gamma-ray diffractometry and measurements of stoichiometry, lattice dimensions, mechanical strength, luminescense, and detector performance are discussed.

A geothermal well has been drilled at the St. Mary's Hospital in Pierre, South Dakota. The well is 2176 feet deep and artesian flows 375 gpm at 106/sup 0/F. The well is producing fluids from the Mississippian Madison Group, a sequence of carbonate rocks deposited over several western states. The project was funded to demonstrate the goethermal potential of this widespread aquifer. This case study describes the development of the project through geology, drilling, stimulation, and testing.

Practical applications of ion linacs are more viable now than ever before because of the recent development of the radio-frequency quadrupole accelerating structure, as well as other technological advances developed under the Pion Generator for Medical Irradiations program. This report describes a practical technique for varying the energy of drift-tube linacs and thus further broadening the possibilities for linac applications. This technique involves using the post couplers (normally used to flatten and stabilize the electric fields) to create a step in the fields, thus terminating the acceleration process. In the examples given for a 70-MeV accelerator design, when using this technique the energy is continuously variable down to 20 MeV, while maintaining a small energy spread.

Diffraction-limited phase conjugate reflection of an injection-locked high-power (approx. 1 MW) ultraviolet excimer laser beam has been demonstrated via stimulated Brillouin scattering. Reflectivities higher than 70% were attained. Limitations as well as coherence and power requirements for image retention are discussed.

Progress since 1977 in solving the problem of stability and degradation in superconducting coils is reviewed. (LCL)

A brief description of the nature and origins of synchrotron radiation is given with special reference to its geometrical optical properties and the use of storage rings as light souces. The geographical distribution of SR sources in the world is reviewed and some discussion of the level of experimental activity is given. Estimates of future levels of experimental activity are also made both for existing storage rings and those planned for the future. Calculations of the approximate number of mirrors and gratings that will be required are offered. Some general considerations are outlined showing how synchrotron radiation optical systems couple to the light source and indicating which parameters need to be maximized for best overall performance.

This paper reports results of a neutron diffraction study on both the magnetic and the lattice dynamic structure of graphite-FeCl/sub 3/. The FeCl/sub 3/ system was selected for this study because of the interesting magnetic properties previously reported for this system. Of particular interest is the low temperature magnetic phase transition, which has been shown to be stage dependent. Special emphasis was given to the study of the low temperature magnetic state of the Fe/sup 3 +/ spins and to the longitudinal phonon modes for k/sub z/ axis acoustic branches. All experiments reported here were carried out on a stage 2 sample of graphite-FeCl/sub 3/. The sample was prepared by a two-zone vapor growth technique and was characterized by (00l) x-ray and neutron diffraction patterns to be > 95% stage 2, with only minor inclusions of other stages.