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[Couple Making Sop Sticks]

Narrative by Junebug Clark in the summer of 2014: People watching the molasses syrup as it boils down use short pieces of sorghum cane stalk to make “sop sticks,” which are used to dip into the molasses syrup for a taste. This was the height of the fall social season. Harvesting the sorghum, extracting the juice, boiling it down into molasses could take days and weeks going round the clock to finish. Overall Background: These Molasses Making Stir-off photos were shot by Joe Clark HBSS in the early to mid-1940s. Most of them on the farm of Fred Whitaker about four miles southwest of Cumberland Gap, or in Cumberland Gap on the farm of Baptist preacher the Rev. Hugh Vancel. More information about these images can be found in scrapbooks in the Clark Family Collection at the University of North Texas Special Collections Library. Specifically in a Detroit news pictorial article published December 13, 1942 titles "stir-off party" where mountaineers make molasses and merriment. Also in life magazine published November 13, 1950 [page 156] titled “Stir-off Time in Tennessee, Fun Starts in Hills as Molasses Boils.’ Also in the library is NBC Today Show video taped story on Joe Clark …
Date: 194X
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Douglas Clark with Christmas Tree]

Narrative by Junebug Clark: Photograph is from the early 1940s and is shot in Cumberland Gap, Tennessee. Douglas Clark prepares for Christmas and is sitting by the tree. Doug is the son of Wade Hampton "Junebug" Clark, Jr. Doug studied agriculture at Lincoln Memorial University. He went to work managing farms in Brazil for R.J. Reynolds Company and then became a lobbyist for the Tobacco industry.
Date: 194X
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Couple Sampling Molasses with Sop Sticks]

Narrative by Junebug Clark in the summer of 2014 People watching the molasses syrup as it boils down use short pieces of sorghum cane stalk to make “sop sticks” used to dip into the molasses syrup for a taste. This was the height of the fall social season. Harvesting the sorghum, extracting the juice, boiling it down into molasses could take days and weeks going round the clock to finish. Overall Background: These Molasses Making Stir-off photos were shot by Joe Clark HBSS in the early to mid-1940s. Either on the farm of Fred Whitaker about four miles southwest of Cumberland Gap, or in Cumberland Gap on the farm of Baptist preacher the Rev. Hugh Vancel. More information about these images can be found in scrapbooks in the Clark Family Collection at the University of North Texas Special Collections Library. Specifically in a Detroit news pictorial article published December 13, 1942 titles "stir-off party" where mountaineers make molasses and merriment. Also in life magazine published November 13, 1950 [page 156] titled “Stir-off Time in Tennessee, Fun Starts in Hills as Molasses Boils.’ Also in the library is the NBC Today Show story on Joe Clark HBSS by Bob Dotson. It …
Date: 194X
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Women quilting outdoors]

Narrative by Junebug Clark: Photo of a woman in the Powell Valley during the early 1940s in Cumberland Gap, Tennessee. The quilters work on a piece of fabric during a Quilting Bee at a neighbor's home. This is a 2 1/4 X 2 1/4 B&W negative.
Date: 194X
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Harvest Time]

Narrative by Junebug Clark in the summer of 2014 Young girl in a field of Sorghum. The sorghum has been stripped and the stalks are ready to harvest. Overall Background: These Molasses Making Stir-off photos were shot by Joe Clark HBSS in the early to mid-1940s. Either on the farm of Fred Whitaker about four miles southwest of Cumberland Gap, or in Cumberland Gap on the farm of Baptist preacher the Rev. Hugh Vancel. More information about these images can be found in scrapbooks in the Clark Family Collection at the University of North Texas Special Collections Library. Specifically in a Detroit news pictorial article published December 13, 1942 titles "stir-off party" where mountaineers make molasses and merriment. Also in life magazine published November 13, 1950 [page 156] titled “Stir-off Time in Tennessee, Fun Starts in Hills as Molasses Boils.’ Also in the library is the NBC Today Show story on Joe Clark HBSS by Bob Dotson. It features Joe Clark returning to Cumberland Gap Tennessee to photograph a molasses stir off taking place in the same location as some of these photographs and attended by some of the same people in the early 1980s. Let me briefly set the …
Date: 194X
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Young Boy and Girl Warming their Hands and Watching the Molasses Boil Down]

Narrative by Junebug Clark in the summer of 2014 People watching the molasses syrup as it boils down use short pieces of sorghum cane stalk to make “sop sticks” used to dip into the molasses syrup for a taste. This was the height of the fall social season. Harvesting the sorghum, extracting the juice, boiling it down into molasses could take days and weeks going round the clock to finish. Overall Background: These Molasses Making Stir-off photos were shot by Joe Clark HBSS in the early to mid-1940s. Either on the farm of Fred Whitaker about four miles southwest of Cumberland Gap, or in Cumberland Gap on the farm of Baptist preacher the Rev. Hugh Vancel. More information about these images can be found in scrapbooks in the Clark Family Collection at the University of North Texas Special Collections Library. Specifically in a Detroit news pictorial article published December 13, 1942 titles "stir-off party" where mountaineers make molasses and merriment. Also in life magazine published November 13, 1950 [page 156] titled “Stir-off Time in Tennessee, Fun Starts in Hills as Molasses Boils.’ Also in the library is the NBC Today Show story on Joe Clark HBSS by Bob Dotson. It …
Date: 194X
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Erma Welch on her porch]

Portrait of Erma Welch on her porch in Cumberland Gap Tennessee. The pictured woman is named as Buela Welch on the sleeve containing the negative while also being named Erma Welch in Joe Clark's photography books. This image is used in Joe Clark's book "Back Home" accompanied by a poem titled, " In Lonesome Tennessee." Down yonder in the valley In lonesome Tennessee Sits my little Sally A waitin’ there for me. Photo by: Joe Clark, HBSS. Signed by: Joe Clark, HBSS Clark PhotoFile: 0001-51
Date: 1941
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library

[A Country Gal]

Photograph of a woman in a light colored dress and a well used hat in a country setting. The woman is barefoot and is holding an axe; attempting to clip her toenails with the tool. In the middle ground of the photograph, a puppy can be seen. This photo is normally paired with the photo called "A City Gal" and the following poem. A city gal paints her toe nails And makes them look so swell A country gal just chops them off And lets them go to hell. hbss
Date: 194X
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Catching Up on Neighborhood Gossip]

Narrative by Junebug Clark in the summer of 2014 Stir-off time of year is the social event of the season. Families, neighbors and friends gathered and celebrated with dance, song and games while taking turns tending to the day and night harvest of sorghum and the turning it into molasses. In this photo, two ladies take advantage of a break in the action to catch up in current events and gossip before the long winter season. In the background center you can see the grinding mill, usually drawn by a horse or a mule. Sorghum cane stalks are fed into this mill and juice from the stalks are pressed out. Those juices, you can see the steam rising in the foreground, are being boiled down into molasses. Overall Background: These Molasses Making Stir-off photos were shot by Joe Clark HBSS in the early to mid-1940s. Most of them on the farm of Fred Whitaker about four miles southwest of Cumberland Gap, or in Cumberland Gap on the farm of Baptist preacher the Rev. Hugh Vancel. More information about these images can be found in scrapbooks in the Clark Family Collection at the University of North Texas Special Collections Library. Specifically …
Date: 194X
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Molasses Stir-Off Shoe Game]

Narrative by Junebug Clark in the summer of 2014 Photograph of a group of teenagers from Lincoln Memorial University in Cumberland Gap, Tennessee playing a game of "Shoes in a Circle" A boy and girl team up and removed their shoes and pile them up randomly with other contestants shoes. A signal starts the mad rush to find and put on their shoes. The team to complete the task first wins. This photo appears on page 766 of National Geographic Magazine. A 21 page article on Cumberland Gap and its people with photographs by Joe Clark, HBSS appears in this early 1940's publication. It's a great article. I'm sorry that I don't have the date handy now, but if you have gotten this far... I'd highly recommend digging further for that Geographic Magazine. Overall Background: These Molasses Making Stir-off photos were shot by Joe Clark HBSS in the early to mid-1940s. Either on the farm of Fred Whitaker about four miles southwest of Cumberland Gap, or in Cumberland Gap on the farm of Baptist preacher the Rev. Hugh Vancel. More information about these images can be found in scrapbooks in the Clark Family Collection at the University of North Texas …
Date: 194X
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Couple Making Sop Sticks]

Narrative by Junebug Clark in the summer of 2014: People watching the molasses syrup as it boils down use short pieces of sorghum cane stalk to make “sop sticks,” which are used to dip into the molasses syrup for a taste. This was the height of the fall social season. Harvesting the sorghum, extracting the juice, boiling it down into molasses could take days and weeks going round the clock to finish. Overall Background: These Molasses Making Stir-off photos were shot by Joe Clark HBSS in the early to mid-1940s. Most of them on the farm of Fred Whitaker about four miles southwest of Cumberland Gap, or in Cumberland Gap on the farm of Baptist preacher the Rev. Hugh Vancel. More information about these images can be found in scrapbooks in the Clark Family Collection at the University of North Texas Special Collections Library. Specifically in a Detroit news pictorial article published December 13, 1942 titles "stir-off party" where mountaineers make molasses and merriment. Also in life magazine published November 13, 1950 [page 156] titled “Stir-off Time in Tennessee, Fun Starts in Hills as Molasses Boils.’ Also in the library is NBC Today Show video taped story on Joe Clark …
Date: 194X
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Grinding Cane]

Narrative by Junebug Clark in the summer of 2014 Sorghum cane stalks are fed into a press turned by mule power. The juice from the stalks is then poured into vats and boiled down into molasses. Harvest time is a round the clock process where neighbor helps neighbor and Stir-off Parties become a major community event. Overall Background: These Molasses Making Stir-off photos were shot by Joe Clark HBSS in the early to mid-1940s. Either on the farm of Fred Whitaker about four miles southwest of Cumberland Gap, or in Cumberland Gap on the farm of Baptist preacher the Rev. Hugh Vancel. More information about these images can be found in scrapbooks in the Clark Family Collection at the University of North Texas Special Collections Library. Specifically in a Detroit news pictorial article published December 13, 1942 titles "stir-off party" where mountaineers make molasses and merriment. Also in life magazine published November 13, 1950 [page 156] titled “Stir-off Time in Tennessee, Fun Starts in Hills as Molasses Boils.’ Also in the library is the NBC Today Show story on Joe Clark HBSS by Bob Dotson. It features Joe Clark returning to Cumberland Gap Tennessee to photograph a molasses stir off …
Date: 194X
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Nearly Done]

From the storage barrels, the cane juice is poured into the boiling vat where it is stirred and skimmed constantly during its entire cooking period. As the cane juice nears the 'lasses stage it begins to form into a rich, creamy foam. Joe Clark, HBSS Narrative by Junebug Clark in the summer of 2014 Overall Background: These Molasses Making Stir-off photos were shot by Joe Clark HBSS in the early to mid-1940s. Either on the farm of Fred Whitaker about four miles southwest of Cumberland Gap, or in Cumberland Gap on the farm of Baptist preacher the Rev. Hugh Vancel. More information about these images can be found in scrapbooks in the Clark Family Collection at the University of North Texas Special Collections Library. Specifically in a Detroit news pictorial article published December 13, 1942 titles "stir-off party" where mountaineers make molasses and merriment. Also in life magazine published November 13, 1950 [page 156] titled “Stir-off Time in Tennessee, Fun Starts in Hills as Molasses Boils.’ Also in the library is the NBC Today Show story on Joe Clark HBSS by Bob Dotson. It features Joe Clark returning to Cumberland Gap Tennessee to photograph a molasses stir off taking place …
Date: 194X
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Hauling Sorghum Juice]

Narrative by Junebug Clark in the summer of 2014 Two young women haul a five-gallon barrel of sorghum juice over the the fire pit where it will be strained and added into the vat of already boiling juices, which are on their way to becoming molasses. Overall Background: These Molasses Making Stir-off photos were shot by Joe Clark HBSS in the early to mid-1940s. Either on the farm of Fred Whitaker about four miles southwest of Cumberland Gap, or in Cumberland Gap on the farm of Baptist preacher the Rev. Hugh Vancel. More information about these images can be found in scrapbooks in the Clark Family Collection at the University of North Texas Special Collections Library. Specifically in a Detroit news pictorial article published December 13, 1942 titles "stir-off party" where mountaineers make molasses and merriment. Also in life magazine published November 13, 1950 [page 156] titled “Stir-off Time in Tennessee, Fun Starts in Hills as Molasses Boils.’ Also in the library is the NBC Today Show story on Joe Clark HBSS by Bob Dotson. It features Joe Clark returning to Cumberland Gap Tennessee to photograph a molasses stir off taking place in the same location as some of these …
Date: 194X
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Walking His Girl Home by Lantern Light]

Narrative by Junebug Clark in the summer of 2014: This is a typical scene at the end of a stir-off event. It is a scene Joe tried to capture many times in pictures and in short stories. This shot is a favorite and if you look up some of Joe's stories, "The First Date", for example I think you'll see why he worked so hard to capture this moment. Overall Background: These Molasses Making Stir-off photos were shot by Joe Clark HBSS in the early to mid-1940s. Either on the farm of Fred Whitaker about four miles southwest of Cumberland Gap, or in Cumberland Gap on the farm of Baptist preacher the Rev. Hugh Vancel. More information about these images can be found in scrapbooks in the Clark Family Collection at the University of North Texas Special Collections Library. Specifically in a Detroit news pictorial article published December 13, 1942 titles "stir-off party" where mountaineers make molasses and merriment. Also in life magazine published November 13, 1950 [page 156] titled “Stir-off Time in Tennessee, Fun Starts in Hills as Molasses Boils.’ Also in the library is the NBC Today Show story on Joe Clark HBSS by Bob Dotson. It features …
Date: 194X
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Young Boys Man the Sorghum Press]

Narrative by Junebug Clark in the summer of 2014: One mule powers this grinding mill where sorghum cane is pressed, then the juice is extracted and boiled down into molasses. Here three young boys take turns feeding stalks of sorghum cane into the mule drawn press. Overall Background: These Molasses Making Stir-off photos were shot by Joe Clark HBSS in the early to mid-1940s. Either on the farm of Fred Whitaker about four miles southwest of Cumberland Gap, or in Cumberland Gap on the farm of Baptist preacher the Rev. Hugh Vancel. More information about these images can be found in scrapbooks in the Clark Family Collection at the University of North Texas Special Collections Library. Specifically in a Detroit news pictorial article published December 13, 1942 titles "stir-off party" where mountaineers make molasses and merriment. Also in life magazine published November 13, 1950 [page 156] titled “Stir-off Time in Tennessee, Fun Starts in Hills as Molasses Boils.’ Also in the library is the NBC Today Show story on Joe Clark HBSS by Bob Dotson. It features Joe Clark returning to Cumberland Gap Tennessee to photograph a molasses stir off taking place in the same location as some of these …
Date: 194X
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Away from the Crowd]

Photograph of two couples embracing while playing "kissing games" at a stir-off, standing to the left of tall stalks of sorghum.
Date: 1940~
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Time to Sample the Molasses]

Narrative by Junebug Clark in the summer of 2014 People watching the molasses syrup as it boils down use short pieces of sorghum cane stalk to make “sop sticks” used to dip into the molasses syrup for a taste. This was the height of the fall social season. Harvesting the sorghum, extracting the juice, boiling it down into molasses could take days and weeks going round the clock to finish. Joe Clark, HBSS has written on this print. “Teacher Ralph Livesay with wide open collar. Otto Walker with miner’s lamp. Harry England with big sop stick. This stir off at home of Billy Killion who donated the timber for Locust Grove School. (over) There is never a dull nor an idle moment in the life of a country boy. He is a social critter and gets a sight of fun out of life.” Photofile: 3183 Overall Background: These Molasses Making Stir-off photos were shot by Joe Clark HBSS in the early to mid-1940s. Either on the farm of Fred Whitaker about four miles southwest of Cumberland Gap, or in Cumberland Gap on the farm of Baptist preacher the Rev. Hugh Vancel. More information about these images can be found in …
Date: 194X
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Women gather for a quilting bee]

Narrative by Junebug Clark: Photograph is from the 1940s and is shot in Cumberland Gap, Tennessee. Women gather for a quilting bee at the home of Nora and Wylie Treece.
Date: 194X
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library

['Round and 'Round]

Narrative by Junebug Clark in the summer of 2014 Stir-off Time, the harvesting of sorghum and the process of extracting out its juices and boiling it down into molasses was a day and night process that brought families, neighbors and friends together for this last social event in the Fall season. Besides sharing in the labor they also shared in fun and dance as local musicians came to play as did many of the single folk used this as an opportunity to meet and court. Overall Background: These Molasses Making Stir-off photos were shot by Joe Clark HBSS in the early to mid-1940s. Most of them on the farm of Fred Whitaker about four miles southwest of Cumberland Gap, or in Cumberland Gap on the farm of Baptist preacher the Rev. Hugh Vancel. More information about these images can be found in scrapbooks in the Clark Family Collection at the University of North Texas Special Collections Library. Specifically in a Detroit news pictorial article published December 13, 1942 titles "stir-off party" where mountaineers make molasses and merriment. Also in life magazine published November 13, 1950 [page 156] titled “Stir-off Time in Tennessee, Fun Starts in Hills as Molasses Boils.’ Also …
Date: 194X
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Women quilting outdoors]

Narrative by Junebug Clark: Photo of women in the Powell Valley during the early 1940s in Cumberland Gap, Tennessee. Two women have set-up a piece of fabric on a wooden frame at a neighbor's house during a quilting bee. This is a 2 1/4 X 2 1/4 B&W negative.
Date: 194X
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Grinding Sorghum Cane]

Narrative by Junebug Clark in the summer of 2014: Sorghum cane is fed into a mule powered press where the juice is extracted and collected latter to be boiled down in large vats to turn it into molasses. Overall Background: These Molasses Making Stir-off photos were shot by Joe Clark HBSS in the early to mid-1940s. Either on the farm of Fred Whitaker about four miles southwest of Cumberland Gap, or in Cumberland Gap on the farm of Baptist preacher the Rev. Hugh Vancel. More information about these images can be found in scrapbooks in the Clark Family Collection at the University of North Texas Special Collections Library. Specifically in a Detroit news pictorial article published December 13, 1942 titles "stir-off party" where mountaineers make molasses and merriment. Also in life magazine published November 13, 1950 [page 156] titled “Stir-off Time in Tennessee, Fun Starts in Hills as Molasses Boils.’ Also in the library is the NBC Today Show story on Joe Clark HBSS by Bob Dotson. It features Joe Clark returning to Cumberland Gap Tennessee to photograph a molasses stir off taking place in the same location as some of these photographs and attended by some of the same …
Date: 194X
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library

Baptising in Olde Towne Creek

Photograph of Reverend Hugh Vancel performing a baptism in Olde Town Creek near Red Hill, Tennessee. The reverend is standing in the creek and facing a large crowd of people on the bank, and holding the arm of a young girl (Ivana Wright) standing next to him; several other girls (identified as Hester Welch, Minnie Hicks, Cleo McCurey, Lilian Hicks, and Lenore Treece), a woman and a man are also standing in the creek, on the left. A building with wood siding is visible in the background.
Date: 1938
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Bringing the Heat]

From harvesting the sorghum, to extracting cane juices, to boiling it down into molasses, this process can take weeks of round the clock cooperation between families, neighbors and friends to accomplish. As you can see in this photo the vats and fire places used are serious and meant to be used 'round the clock and shared by the harvest community. Narrative by Junebug Clark in the summer of 2014: Overall Background: These Molasses Making Stir-off photos were shot by Joe Clark HBSS in the early to mid-1940s. Either on the farm of Fred Whitaker about four miles southwest of Cumberland Gap, or in Cumberland Gap on the farm of Baptist preacher the Rev. Hugh Vancel. More information about these images can be found in scrapbooks in the Clark Family Collection at the University of North Texas Special Collections Library. Specifically in a Detroit news pictorial article published December 13, 1942 titles "stir-off party" where mountaineers make molasses and merriment. Also in life magazine published November 13, 1950 [page 156] titled “Stir-off Time in Tennessee, Fun Starts in Hills as Molasses Boils.’ Also in the library is the NBC Today Show story on Joe Clark HBSS by Bob Dotson. It features …
Date: 194X
Creator: Clark, Joe
System: The UNT Digital Library