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Lynch's Mill was Spavinaw's Name in Early Day History (open access)

Lynch's Mill was Spavinaw's Name in Early Day History

Article narrates the experiences of John L. Springston, an 83-year-old Cherokee man, as he lived in within Spavinaw, a town in Oklahoma, throughout his lifetime. His story details the history of the town and its hidden secrets.
Date: Autumn 1927
Creator: Tulsa Daily World
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"Initial Point" in Oklahoma (open access)

"Initial Point" in Oklahoma

Article details the history of the "initial point" within Oklahoma. This point was used as a measuring tool for land use within the region.
Date: Autumn 1927
Creator: Rucker, Alvin
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Single Versus Double Statehood: Concluded (open access)

Single Versus Double Statehood: Concluded

Article is the conclusion of a speech made by Judge Thomas H. Doyle to the House Committee on Territories within Congress regarding his opinions on admitting Oklahoma as a single state under the Robinson Bill. During this time, there was much debate over whether to admit the state into the Union as a single state or to separate Oklahoma Territory and Indian Territory.
Date: Autumn 1927
Creator: Doyle, Thomas H.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Southwest's History Written in Oklahoma's Boundary Story (open access)

Southwest's History Written in Oklahoma's Boundary Story

Article chronicles the history of land disputes between France, Spain, England, and the United States over the ownership of the Mississippi Valley.
Date: Autumn 1927
Creator: Wardell, Morris L.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Words of Appreciation (open access)

Words of Appreciation

Article consists of a letter of appreciation to the Oklahoma Historical Society regarding the representation of American Indians within the anniversary celebration of the Indian Peace Treaty and a poem about the Choctaws.
Date: Winter 1927
Creator: J. Y. B.; Best, John C. & Muldrow, O. F.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Early Post Offices of Oklahoma (open access)

Early Post Offices of Oklahoma

Article is a list of post offices located within Oklahoma and Indian Territory during the 19th century.
Date: Spring 1928
Creator: Foreman, Grant
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Ranching on the Cheyenne-Arapaho Reservation 1880-1885 (open access)

Ranching on the Cheyenne-Arapaho Reservation 1880-1885

Article details how the Cheyenne-Arapaho reservation became a major player in the cattle industry during the late 19th century.
Date: Spring 1928
Creator: Dale, Edward Everett
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
From the Hills of Lebanon: The Syrian-Lebanese in Oklahoma (open access)

From the Hills of Lebanon: The Syrian-Lebanese in Oklahoma

Article describes the immigration of Syrian-Lebanese to Oklahoma, highlighting the community they formed and the traditions and religion they fostered. Tom Caldwell provides historical context about the group, examining their motivations for coming to Oklahoma and their contributions to early Oklahoma and its industries.
Date: Summer 1986
Creator: Caldwell, Tom
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Through the Ether: The Birth of Radio in Central Oklahoma (open access)

Through the Ether: The Birth of Radio in Central Oklahoma

Article describes the birth and success of radio broadcasting in the 1920s, narrowing the focus from the wider sphere of the U.S. after World War I to the creation of WKY radio station in Oklahoma City.
Date: Summer 1983
Creator: Tolman, Donald K.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Dr. Henry G. Bennett as I Knew Him (open access)

Dr. Henry G. Bennett as I Knew Him

Article describes the career and accomplishments of Dr. Henry G. Bennett, who was president of Oklahoma A & M College, now Oklahoma State University, from 1928 to 1951. Berlin B. Chapman, who was a professor of history during Bennett's tenure, describes his impression of the president's impact.
Date: Summer 1955
Creator: Chapman, Berlin B.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Cattle Market for the World: The Oklahoma National Stockyards (open access)

Cattle Market for the World: The Oklahoma National Stockyards

Article describes the creation and development of the Oklahoma National Stockyards, which was the largest and most modern livestock enterprise ever conducted at one time. Carol Holderby Welsh describes the complex itself as well as the impact it had on Oklahoma City and the area surrounding it.
Date: Spring 1982
Creator: Welsh, Carol Holderby
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Ferdinandina: First White Settlement in Oklahoma (open access)

Ferdinandina: First White Settlement in Oklahoma

Article describes the establishment of the historical trading post "Ferdinandina" by French explorers and the American Indian groups who settled in the same area through exploration of accounts made by Claude du Tisné and Bénard de la Harpe. Leslie A. McRill compares these accounts to the excavation of village sites by Dr. Joseph B. Thoburn.
Date: Summer 1963
Creator: McRill, Leslie A.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Russian Jew in Oklahoma: The May Brothers (open access)

The Russian Jew in Oklahoma: The May Brothers

Article describes the history of the Jewish community in Oklahoma, with a particular interest in the the Madansky family. Due to the xenophobia that swept the nation in the 1910s and 20s, the family of entrepreneurs "Americanized" their name and became the May brothers.
Date: Winter 1975
Creator: Watters, Gary
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Seneca Sub-Agency, 1832-1838 (open access)

Seneca Sub-Agency, 1832-1838

Article describes the history of the Seneca Sub-Agency, established after a group of Senecas were removed to the Ottawa and Delaware Counties of Oklahoma in the Antebellum period. Frank H. Harris discusses government relations with the groups and the agents that worked on their behalf.
Date: Summer 1964
Creator: Harris, Frank H.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
New Deal for Oklahoma's Children: Federal Day Care Centers, 1933-1946 (open access)

New Deal for Oklahoma's Children: Federal Day Care Centers, 1933-1946

Article describes the history and impact of the federally regulated National Day Care System set up during World War II era. Funded by the Federal Emergency Relief Administration, the program was meant to provide child care for mothers who had joined the workforce and jobs to those without, but there were some setbacks in the process of its implementation.
Date: Autumn 1984
Creator: Otey, George N.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Wagoner, I.T. "Queen City of the Prairies" (open access)

Wagoner, I.T. "Queen City of the Prairies"

Article describes the founding and growth of the City of Wagoner in the wake of its upcoming centennial. Brad Agnew discusses the conflict that occurred as one of the towns in Indian Territory attempted to achieve self-determination in a diverse area, the education system that evolved there, and the crime that threatened Wagoner's railroads.
Date: Winter 1986
Creator: Agnew, Brad
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
North to the Promised Land: Black Migration to the Canadian Plains (open access)

North to the Promised Land: Black Migration to the Canadian Plains

Article describes the history and context of African-Americans migrating from Oklahoma to the Canadian Plains in the early 1900s. R. Bruce Shepard explores their motivations, which included political inequities in Oklahoma and the promise of farmland, as well as their reception by Canadian authorities.
Date: Autumn 1988
Creator: Shepard, R. Bruce
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Drive for Statehood in Oklahoma, 1889-1906 (open access)

The Drive for Statehood in Oklahoma, 1889-1906

Article describes the development of Oklahoma statehood, including the divisive nature of the "Separate" vs. "Single" Statehood adoption of the Oklahoma and Indian Territories. Charles Wayne Ellinger provides documentation of the views of territory residents, representatives of the American Indian Nations, and government officials in the process.
Date: Spring 1963
Creator: Ellinger, Charles Wayne
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
A Separate People: A History of the Oklahoma Amish (open access)

A Separate People: A History of the Oklahoma Amish

Article describes how the resilient people of the Oklahoma Amish have maintained their lifestyle through 120 years of environmental and technological change.
Date: Winter 2012
Creator: Kroeker, Marvin E., 1928-
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Creating an Atmosphere of Suppression, 1914-1917 (open access)

Creating an Atmosphere of Suppression, 1914-1917

Article describes the atmosphere of suppression of civil liberties that occurred during World War I in the United States, during which political figures targeted those they believed would cause unpatriotic dissent. Two groups that were often targeted were those that were "German sympathizers" or "hyphenated Americans."
Date: Summer 1981
Creator: Fowler, James H., II
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Memories of the Indian Territory Mission Field (open access)

Memories of the Indian Territory Mission Field

Article describes the author's personal experiences as a student and teacher in Indian Territory. Lilah Denton Lindsey explores her own experience in the mission field as well as those she worked with. Included is an excerpt of a story told to her by Dr. R. M. Loughridge about early mission work in the area.
Date: Summer 1958
Creator: Lindsey, Lilah Denton
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Water and Power: Developing the Grand River Dam Authority, Part 1, 1935-1944 (open access)

Water and Power: Developing the Grand River Dam Authority, Part 1, 1935-1944

Article describes the eight year project that led to the creation of the Grand River Dam Authority. Part 1 of Richard Lowitt's two-part article describes how the GRDA was campaigned for by Representative Wesley Disney and Senator Elmer Thomas of the Oklahoma Legislature. The resulting construction of the Pensacola Dam became a remedy for both flood control and creation of electric power.
Date: Summer 2009
Creator: Lowitt, Richard, 1922-2018
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
A Few Unreasonable Proposals: Some Rejected Ideas from the Cherokee Allotment Negotiations (open access)

A Few Unreasonable Proposals: Some Rejected Ideas from the Cherokee Allotment Negotiations

Article describes the Cherokee Nation's striving to preserve several important elements of their political culture when facing the allotment of their tribal land in severalty. Their proposals for land ownership, judicial administration, and representation in the United States Congress were summarily rejected by the members of the Dawes Commission during the 1898-1899 talks.
Date: Winter 2006
Creator: Denson, Andrew
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Pioneer Days in the Cherokee Strip (open access)

Pioneer Days in the Cherokee Strip

Article describes the 1893 opening of the Cherokee Strip as experienced by the author and her family. Clara Williamson Warren Bullard describes her family's settlement of their claim, water scarcity, growth of communities, and the cultivation of land.
Date: Autumn 1958
Creator: Bullard, Clara Williamson Warren
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History