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Simon Ralph "S.R." Walkingstick: A Cherokee Leader (open access)

Simon Ralph "S.R." Walkingstick: A Cherokee Leader

Article traces the life and genealogy of S. R. Walkingstick to show the ways in which one Cherokee family contributed to the tribal and state community.
Date: Summer 2018
Creator: McCullagh, James G.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Fort Blunt Civil War Fortifications (open access)

Fort Blunt Civil War Fortifications

Article provides historical context for the fortification of Fort Gibson, previously named Fort Blunt by Union soldiers, through examination of archaeological evidence from the Civil War era.
Date: Autumn 2017
Creator: Cole, Robert L.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
From Bard to Speculator: Alexander Lawrence Posey and the Muscogee Nation, 1902-08 (open access)

From Bard to Speculator: Alexander Lawrence Posey and the Muscogee Nation, 1902-08

Article explores Muscogee Indian Alexander Posey's role as a speculator and member of one of the Dawes Commission enrollment parties.
Date: Spring 2012
Creator: Widener, Jeffrey M.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Civilized Captivity: Camp Gruber's Prisoner of War Camp (open access)

Civilized Captivity: Camp Gruber's Prisoner of War Camp

This article describes the life of German prisoners of war as recorded in oral histories by the men who experienced incarceration at Camp Gruber, located near Braggs, Oklahoma.
Date: Summer 2015
Creator: Riley, Trent
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
One Succeeded, One Did Not: Bacone College and the Oklahoma Presbyterian College, 1910-80 (open access)

One Succeeded, One Did Not: Bacone College and the Oklahoma Presbyterian College, 1910-80

Article explores the success and failure of two American Indian institutions of higher education; Bacone College and Oklahoma Presbyterian College. While Bacone still serves students in the twenty-first century, Oklahoma Presbyterian closed in the 1960s. This article identifies the reasons why Bacone survived, and Oklahoma Presbyterian College did not.
Date: Spring 2013
Creator: Crum, Steven J.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
A. J. Smitherman: Pen Warrior (open access)

A. J. Smitherman: Pen Warrior

Article traces A. J. Smitherman's tumultuous career in the Oklahoma press defending African American causes.
Date: Autumn 2011
Creator: Seals Nevergold, Barbara A.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Remembering an Exceptional Team: Jerome Tiger and Nettie Wheeler (open access)

Remembering an Exceptional Team: Jerome Tiger and Nettie Wheeler

This article, written by Peggy Tiger, recounts the unique relationship between her late husband, Creek artist Jerome Tiger, and art collector Nettie Wheeler.
Date: Autumn 2005
Creator: Tiger, Peggy
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Jack C. Montgomery: A Little Big Man (open access)

Jack C. Montgomery: A Little Big Man

Article documents the life of Jack Montgomery and recalls his service with the Forty-fifth Infantry Division in World War II, where he received the Medal of Honor for his actions during the war.
Date: Winter 2004
Creator: Bean, Christopher B.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Black, White, and Read: The Muskogee Daily Phoenix's Coverage of the Sequoyah Statehood Convention of 1905 (open access)

Black, White, and Read: The Muskogee Daily Phoenix's Coverage of the Sequoyah Statehood Convention of 1905

Article provides a portrayal of the Sequoyah Statehood Convention, a gathering of the leaders of the "Five Civilized Tribes" in Oklahoma to propose the creation of a state separate from Oklahoma Territory, Sequoyah. Richard Mize's account relies on the newspaper coverage by the Muskogee Daily Phoenix, and highlights the voice and opinions of the paper's editor, Clarence B. Douglas.
Date: Summer 2004
Creator: Mize, Richard
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"She Has Surely Done Her Share": Miss Bessie Huff and the Muskogee Junior College (open access)

"She Has Surely Done Her Share": Miss Bessie Huff and the Muskogee Junior College

Article details the life and career of Bessie Huff, English and journalism instructor and dean at Muskogee Junior College, and pays tribute to her dedication to the people she taught and their education through stories told by former students.
Date: Winter 2001
Creator: Eversole, Dana
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Antisuffragist. Antifeminist! Pro-women? The Anomalous Alice Mary Robertson (open access)

Antisuffragist. Antifeminist! Pro-women? The Anomalous Alice Mary Robertson

Article examining Oklahoma's first woman representative in the United States Congress, Alice Mary Robertson. In this article Robertson's attitudes toward suffrage, feminism, and women at home and in politics, are explored.
Date: Spring 2010
Creator: Caldwell, Deah
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"A Nomad in White Man's Jungle": An Introduction to the Works of Louis Oliver (open access)

"A Nomad in White Man's Jungle": An Introduction to the Works of Louis Oliver

Article analyzing the literary work of Louis Oliver, American Indian writer and poet.
Date: Winter 2009
Creator: Schmidtke, Carsten
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Power for the People: Developing the Grand River Dam Authority, Part 2, 1945-1964 (open access)

Power for the People: Developing the Grand River Dam Authority, Part 2, 1945-1964

This article is the second part of a two-part article on the Grand River Dam Authority. In this part, the author analyzes the state agency's history after World War II. Only one-third complete in 1945, the GRDA operated only Pensacola Dam. Over the next three decades Senators Elmer Thomas and Robert S. Kerr guided the federal legislation that would allow the Authority to complete its flood control dams and power generation/distribution facilities in the watershed of the Grand River.
Date: Autumn 2009
Creator: Lowitt, Richard, 1922-2018
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
From Termination to Self-Determination: Indian Health in Oklahoma, 1954-1980, Part 2 (open access)

From Termination to Self-Determination: Indian Health in Oklahoma, 1954-1980, Part 2

The second part of this two-part article continues the evaluation of the problems in Indian healthcare and the campaign led by Senators Fred Harris and Dewey Bartlett to correct a record of neglect. The healthcare problem after 1970 was linked to a new federal policy of tribal self-determination.
Date: Spring 2008
Creator: Lowitt, Richard, 1922-2018
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Notes and Documents, Winter 2007-08 (open access)

Notes and Documents, Winter 2007-08

Notes and Documents column including a short biographical sketch remembering Anton "Tony" Goetz, director of Muskogee Central High School Marching Band.
Date: Winter 2007
Creator: Mullins, Jonita
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"With Great Difficulty and Labour": The Emigration of the McIntosh Party of Creek Indians, 1827-1828 (open access)

"With Great Difficulty and Labour": The Emigration of the McIntosh Party of Creek Indians, 1827-1828

Article outlines the travails of the first Creek emigrants to the trans-Mississippi region that is now Oklahoma, whose journey preceded the removal of the Creek Nation.
Date: Winter 2007
Creator: Haveman, Christopher D.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
A Reading Room of Their Own: Library Services for African Americans in Oklahoma, 1907-1946 (open access)

A Reading Room of Their Own: Library Services for African Americans in Oklahoma, 1907-1946

Article discussing the struggles African American Oklahomans faced for access to public library services. The first forty years of statehood brought a few successes, and by mid-century only eleven communities provided a public library facility for the state's black citizens.
Date: Autumn 2006
Creator: Cassity, R. O. Joe, Jr.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Creek Baptist Herald (Muskogee, Okla.), Vol. 1, No. 7, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 25, 1912 (open access)

Creek Baptist Herald (Muskogee, Okla.), Vol. 1, No. 7, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 25, 1912

Weekly newspaper from Muskogee, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 25, 1912
Creator: Prince, G. L.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Creek Baptist Herald (Muskogee, Okla.), Vol. 1, No. 5, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 11, 1912 (open access)

Creek Baptist Herald (Muskogee, Okla.), Vol. 1, No. 5, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 11, 1912

Weekly newspaper from Muskogee, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 11, 1912
Creator: Prince, G. L.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Creek Baptist Herald (Muskogee, Okla.), Vol. 1, No. 4, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 4, 1912 (open access)

Creek Baptist Herald (Muskogee, Okla.), Vol. 1, No. 4, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 4, 1912

Weekly newspaper from Muskogee, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 4, 1912
Creator: Prince, G. L.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Creek Baptist Herald (Muskogee, Okla.), Vol. 1, No. 2, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 14, 1911 (open access)

Creek Baptist Herald (Muskogee, Okla.), Vol. 1, No. 2, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 14, 1911

Weekly newspaper from Muskogee, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 14, 1911
Creator: Prince, G. L.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Creek Baptist Herald (Muskogee, Okla.), Vol. 1, No. 1, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 7, 1911 (open access)

Creek Baptist Herald (Muskogee, Okla.), Vol. 1, No. 1, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 7, 1911

Weekly newspaper from Muskogee, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 7, 1911
Creator: Prince, G. L.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Baptist Sunday School Evangel (Muskogee, Okla.), Vol. 1, No. 8, Ed. 1 Thursday, August 1, 1907 (open access)

The Baptist Sunday School Evangel (Muskogee, Okla.), Vol. 1, No. 8, Ed. 1 Thursday, August 1, 1907

Monthly newspaper from Muskogee, Indian Territory that includes Baptist religious news and information along with advertising.
Date: August 1, 1907
Creator: Wiley, W. S.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Letter to Clara Luper regarding a meeting (open access)

Letter to Clara Luper regarding a meeting

Letter regarding a state conference meeting of the NAACP in Muskogee, Oklahoma
Date: August 22, 2003
Creator: Leach, Melvalene
Object Type: Letter
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History