The Sunkist Citrus Plant in Ontario, California, processes about 6 million pounds of citrus fruit per day to make products which include frozen concentrated juice; chilled, pasteurized, natural strength juice; molasses from peel; dried meal from peel; pectin; citrus oil; and bioflavonoids. The energy intensive operations at the plant include concentration, drying, and refrigeration. The objective of the two-year two-phase project is to identify an economically viable alternative to the existing method of meeting energy requirements. Progress on the technical work of Phase I is reported. The following are summarized: requirements (energy price projection, atmospheric emission requirements, citrus juice quality constraints, economic evaluations); characterization (basic citrus processing operations, energy consumption and fruit processed vs time, identification and measurement of energy uses, energy balance for a typical citrus juice evaporator); and thermodynamic analysis (heat pump model, thermal evaporator, and co-generation model).

Two-phase turbines open the possibility of new types of power cycles operating with extremely wet mixtures of steam and water, organic fluids, or immiscible liquids and gases. Possible applications are geothermal power, waste-heat recovery, refrigerant expansion, solar conversion, transportation turbine engines, and engine bottoming cycles. A theoretical model for two-phase impulse turbines was developed. Apparatus was constructed for testing one- and two-stage turbines (using speed decrease from stage to stage). Turbines were tested with water-and-nitrogen mixtures and Refrigerant 22. Nozzle efficiencies were 0.78 (measured) and 0.72 (theoretical) for water-and-nitrogen mixtures at a water/nitrogen mixture ratio of 68, by mass; and 0.89 (measured) and 0.84 (theoretical) for Refrigerant 22 expanding from 0.02 quality to 0.28 quality. Blade efficiencies (shaft power before windage and bearing loss divided by nozzle jet power) were 0.63 (measured) and 0.71 (theoretical) for water-and-nitrogen mixtures and 0.62 (measured) and 0.63 (theoretical) for Refrigerant 22 with a single-stage turbine, and 0.70 (measured) and 0.85 (theoretical) for water-and-nitrogen mixtures with a two-stage turbine.

Photograph taken for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "All 21 aboard this Los Angeles Airways helicopter were killed when the craft crashed"

Photograph taken for a newspaper owned by the Oklahoma Publishing Company. Caption: "Red-haired Lavonne Cohen, who stood by Gambler Mickey Cohen through thick and thin and bombs and bullets for more than 15 years, today sued Florist Mickey Cohen for divorce, "Mick is still the greatest little guy in the world to me, but we just can't get along," she explained in the office of her attorney, William H. Hall."

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story.

Photograph used for a story in the Oklahoma Times newspaper. Caption: "Gridiron fans don't need 2-year-old Gip Duggan and his football to tip them off on this husky crew of pigskins."

Photograph taken for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "Wreckage of Scandinavian Airlines jetliner lies in water off the southern California coast."

Photograph taken for a newspaper owned by the Oklahoma Publishing Company. Caption: "Former Roosevelt Junior high school contemporaries will look at the picture of Sharon Douglas and say: "She's a dead ringer for Rhodanell Rader."

Photograph taken for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "Dolores Costello, onetime wife of the late John Barrymore and a leading actress in the silent film era, is free of martial ties Thursday."

Photograph is of a man dressed in a baseball uniform and hat swinging a bat. Caption: "Al Ferrera, L A Dodgers."

Photograph used for a newspaper owned by the Oklahoma Publishing Company.

Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "TELLING ON THE HOME FOLKS - Bob Burns, bock on the Kraft Music Hall program after a coast-to-coast vacation, has made his home folks back in Van Buren, Arkansas, famous between those some coasts. His homely philosophy and his bazooka are heard along with Bing Crosby and guests over the NBC-Red Network Thursdays from 10:00 to 11:00 p.m., EST.."

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story about Willimena turning 13.

Photograph taken for a story in the Oklahoma Times newspaper. Caption: "Problems of everyday living come in for discussion by W. Norman cooper, Los Angeles practitioner of Christian Science healing, at 3 PM Sunday in Municipal auditorium."

Photograph taken for a story in the Oklahoma Times newspaper. Caption: "Satin - voiced singer Nat "King" Cole died in St. John's hospital Monday in a sudden relapse after surgery for removal of a cancerous lung January 25."

Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "Gussie Moran who makes her professional tennis debut in New York's Madison Square Garden late this month."

Letter from Robert Baty to Rigdon Edwards discussing a movie script about the WASP members who served in WWII, asking for Mr. Edwards's first-hand experience to help them write the script. He mentions that Mrs. Maureen Stracener referred him to Mr. Edwards for information.

The concept design for a small (less than 10 MWe) solar thermal electric generating plant was completed using projected 1985 technology. The systems requirements were defined and specified. The components, including an engineering prototype for one 15 kWe module of the generating plant, were conceptually designed. Significant features of the small solar thermal power plant were identified as the following: (1) 15-kWe Stirling-cycle engine/alternator with constant power output; (2) 10-meter point-focusing paraboloidal concentrator with cantilevered cellular glass reflecting panels; (3) primary heat pipe with 800/sup 0/C output solar cavity receiver; (4) secondary heat pipe with molten salt thermal energy storage unit; (5) electric energy transport system; and (6) advanced battery energy storage capability. The present emphasis for achieving cost reduction goals centers on improving conversion efficiency and reducing the cost of key components.

Systems that reduce energy usage and are economically viable in the citrus fruit processing industry are identified. The preliminary results of Phase I are presented. Alternative systems to be considered are classified and denoted as central, modular, integrated, and combined. Progress is reported on the central and modular systems. (MCW)

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story.

A phase II study has been initiated to investigate surfactant-assisted coal liquefaction, with the objective of quantifying the enhancement in liquid yields and product quality. This report covers the second quarter of work. The major accomplishments were (1) completion of coal liquefaction autoclave reactor runs with Illinois No. 6 coal at processing temperatures of 300, 325, and 350{degrees}C, and pressures of 1800 psig, (2) analysis of the filter cake and the filtrate obtained from the treated slurry in each run, and (3) correlation of the coal conversions and the liquid yield quality to the surfactant concentration. An increase in coal conversions and upgrading of the liquid product quality due to surfactant addition was observed for all runs.