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Some Considerations on the Configuration and Stability of the H2 Temperature Control Loops of the 80" Bubble Chamber
There is but little known about the thermal process involving the dynamics and thermodynamics of the cycling liquid H2 in the chamber and those of the H2 fluid flow in the cooling coil as well as the geometrical characteristics of the chamber body. This the physical equations governing this process are involving so many variables that this analysis becomes rather complex even if simplifying assumptions are made. To those difficulties is added the ignorance even of an approximative expression for some physical quantities such as film heat transfer coefficients entering as major parameters the process equation.
Date:
January 7, 1964
Creator:
Androulakis, John G.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Biological Effects of Thermal Neutrons and the B10 (n,c) Li7 Reaction
Boron-10 has a high thermal neutron capture cross section (3880 barns). Following neutron capture, the subsequent nuclear disintegration produces an alpha particle and a lithium-7 nucleus with the release of an average of 2.34 MeV for the particle irradiation, and in 93% of the reactions there is also the emission of an 0.48 MeV gamma ray: [equation not transcribed]. The kinetic energy is divided between the lithium-7 nucleus and the alpha particle giving the equal and opposite momentums with a range in tissue of about 8-14μ or approximately 1 cell diameter (1). This fact and the reported favorable partition of boron between tumor and the normal brain suggested a possible therapeutic usefulness which has been investigated clinically. The object of our study is to document the biological effects of the B10 (n,α) Li7 reaction on the brain of dogs injected with boron-10 30 minutes prior to irradiation with thermal neutrons. For this, we felt it desirable to estimate a dose for the boron-10 reaction which if exceeded, produces destruction of normal tissue. This dose could then be a reference dose to be utilized as a maximal limit for the irradiation of normal tissue. We have assured that the largest fluence …
Date:
January 13, 1964
Creator:
Archambeau, J. O.; Alcober, V; Calvo, W. & Brenneis, H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Dose-survival Curves for HeLa Cell Cultures Using Thermal Neutrons and the B10 (n,α)Li7 Reaction
The biological evaluation of the thermal neutron capture reaction of boron-10, B10 (n,α)Li7 + 2.786 MeV, has previously been studied, using different particles from the boron-10 thermal neutron capture reaction compared with 250 kvp x-rays has been reported as 1.05 for spleen-thymic weight reduction (1), as 1.5 to 2.0 for skin lesions in pigs (2), and 1.87 for skin lesions of the rabbit's ear (3). The significance of such a calculation is felt to be unreliable for the boron-10 reaction in animals because of the vagaries of dose determination resulting from irregular boron distribution, and by the presence of an adventitious irradiation from fast neutrons and capture gammas that is inadequately determined at present. Our present experiment attempts to circumvent the difficulties attendent to studies of the boron-10 reaction in animals by comparing the effect of this reaction on the proliferative capacity of HeLa cells with those produced with 250 kvp x-ray.
Date:
January 13, 1964
Creator:
Archambeau, J. O.; Drew, R. M. & Robertson, J. S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cool-Down Refrigeration Requirements for 80" Bubble Chambers
The purpose of this report is to determine the amount of refrigeration capacity required to cool down the 80" bubble chamber from ambient temperature to liquid hydrogen temperature.
Date:
January 7, 1964
Creator:
Bamberger, J. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
General Description of the 80" Bubble Chamber Refrigeration System
Reliability of individual components and the ability to produce refrigeration even if one or two of these components should be in operable are the prime design parameters of this cycle. Each component was looked at with these two parameters in mind and any item that had obvious objections was either rejected or backed up with another piece of equipment. Along this line, you will notice (refer to line schematic) two hydrogen compressors and two nitrogen compressors; for full capacity all are required. However, in the event of the loss of use of one of these compressors, it will still be possible to produce at least 50% of the rated capacity. To eliminate outside influences, the cycle was designed around what may be called a closed cycle cascade system; with the assumption that there is no loss of power, cooling water, the equipment can run indefinitely. The nitrogen and hydrogen cycles are of the Simple Linde type with pre-cooling making use of the Joule-Thompson Effect for the refrigeration produced. The low-temperature components of the cycle have no moving parts other than valves, consisting entirely of counter-flow heat exchangers to lower the temperature of the incoming high-pressure gas to a level where …
Date:
January 7, 1964
Creator:
Bamberger, J. A.; Brown, D. P. & Jensen, J. E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Hydrogen Refrigerator Design Capacity for 80" Chamber
When the design of the refrigerator was begun, one of the important parameters was refrigeration capacity required. In order to estimate the required hydrogen refrigeration load the following had to be considered: 1. Dynamic Load due to pulsing of the chamber. Although this has been determined some two years ago through test work, it has not been published as of this date and will be presented here. 2. Static losses due to conduction, radiation, and convection. This is covered by Eng. Note BC-03-0-B. 3. Cool-down requirements. This is covered by Eng. Note BC-03-0-C.
Date:
January 7, 1964
Creator:
Bamberger, J. A.; Brown, D. P. & Jensen, J. E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Design Considerations Of Ultrahigh Vacuum Systems For Metallurgical Applications
Under the stimulus of electronic materials development - particularly thin-film studies - and the need for space environmental simulation chambers, a very rapid increase in the availability of industrial-sized vacuum components and systems operable in the ultrahigh vacuum range has taken place in the last three years. It is the purpose of this paper to explore the design considerations of ultrahigh vacuum systems for metallurgical applications.
Date:
June 10, 1964
Creator:
Batzer, Thomas H. & Bunshah, R. F. (Rointan Framroze)
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Environmental Radiation Measurements in the Southeastern, Central and Western United States, 1962-1963
Report describing the use of a 5" x 3" NaI(Tl) detector and a high pressure ionization chamber to obtain gamma ray spectra and total gamma dose rates at approximately 100 locations during the course of several survey trips in the southeastern, central, and western United States. Reasonably precise elements of the dose rates are made using the pulse height spectra and relatively simple methods of analysis. Total terrestrial dose rates as well as the partial dose rates from the uranium-238 series, thorium-232 series, potassium-40, zirconium-niobium-95, and rhodium-106 are tabulated for each location.
Date:
April 1964
Creator:
Beck, Harold L.; Condon, William J. & Lowder, Wayne M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Photogeologic Map, Emery-10, Utah-Emery County, Utah
A photogenic map of the Emery-10 quadrangle, Emery County, Utah.
Date:
June 1964
Creator:
Bennett, H. S.
Object Type:
Map
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Helderberg Group and the Position of the Silurian-Devonian Boundary in North America
A paper that reviews the Helderberg Group and its relation to the Silurian-Devotion boundary.
Date:
1964
Creator:
Berdan, Jean M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Studies of the Localization, Physiochemical Properties, and Action of Phycocyanin in Anacystis Nidulans
The blue-green algae, classed as primitive monerans, represent the lowest level of organization known to possess a higher plant type of photosynthesis. The role in photosynthesis of the phycocyanin in these organisms is particularly interesting from the point of view of ultrastructural biochemistry. It has been shown repeatedly that despite the primacy normally assigned to chlorophyll, the light absorbed by phycocyanin is used more efficiently for photosynthesis (equated with photosynthetic oxygen evolution). This property is all the more intriguing since Hill activity is very labile in these organisms; the loss being correlated with the release of phycocyanin. Then too, it has been observed that fluorescence at about 685 mμ, attributed to chlorophyll, is proportionately greater for wavelengths absorbed by phycocyanin. French and Young attributed the differential to inactive absorption by carotenoids in the "Soret" region of chlorophyll, but Duysens concluded that the magnitude of the difference observed by him was too great to be explained by screening. Duysens proposed the existence of two pools of chlorophyll of about equal size; one containing fluorescent, photosynthetically active chlorophyll in proximity to phycocyanin, the other nonfluorescent, photosynthetically inactive and remote from phycocyanin.
Date:
January 3, 1964
Creator:
Bergeron, John A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Correlation of Kinetic Isotope Effects with Chemical Bonding in Three Center Reactions
We consider the kinetic isotope effect in three center reactions of the type of A+BC→AB+C. Such model calculations are a good approximation to primary hydrogen isotope effects. For abstraction or transfer reactions, B becomes H, D, or T. The dynamics of the three storm system are calculated for a general quadratic potential, with the assumption that the potential energy is constant along the reaction coordinate (flat top barrier). This model system can be calculated in detail and serves to illustrate the relationship between kinetic isotope effect and chemical bonding in the transition state. The statistical mechanical part of the calculation can be carried out exactly within the framework transition state theory or in any one of a number of approximations. The γ bar method gives particularly good insight into the chemistry of the problem with a minimum of arithmetic.
Date:
January 7, 1964
Creator:
Bigeleisen, Jacob
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Two Lectures on the Magnetic Scattering of Neutrons
In these lectures we will discuss some examples of information about magnetic properties of solids which can be obtained by neutron scattering. We consider a scattering process in which a neutron with wave vector k and spin σ is incident upon a solid in state q>. (Here q stands for all of the quantum numbers which describe the state of the solid, such as spin and orbital electronic states, phonon numbers, etc.) After interacting with the solid, the neutron goes off with wave-vector k' and spin σ', leaving the solid in state q'>. In performing an experiment of this sort one does not usually observe the initial and final spin states of the neutron or the initial and final states of the solid. We must then sum over all possible final states and average over all initial states.
Date:
January 13, 1964
Creator:
Blume, M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Contained Nuclear Detonations in Four Media - Geological Factors in Cavity and Chimney Formation
Recent underground nuclear tests conducted by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission have yielded data on the effects of contained nuclear explosions in four rock mediums: tuff, alluvium, rock salt, and granite. This report presents and compares data obtained primarily through exploratory mining and drilling into the postshot environment of 35 such events.
Date:
April 24, 1964
Creator:
Boardman, Charles R.; Rabb, David D. & McArthur, Richard D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Annual Report of the Boy Scouts of America: 1963
Annual report submitted by the Boy Scouts of America to Congress describing highlights from 1963 activities, finance, public relations, honors, service, organizational leadership, and other information about scouting programs.
Date:
March 9, 1964
Creator:
Boy Scouts of America
Object Type:
Report
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Export-Employment Multiplier Analysis of a Major Industrial Community
This report describes a study of basic and total employment relations in the Houston metropolitan area.
Date:
1964
Creator:
Brown Byron B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Evaluation of Multi-Layer Insulation
The purpose of this report is to compare multi-layer insulation and liquid nitrogen shielding as methods of insulating the 80-inch Liquid Hydrogen Bubble Chamber.
Date:
January 7, 1964
Creator:
Brown, D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Measuring Rotary Table Angle Error
The angle errors of a rotary table can be accurately measured by stepping off the angles with an optical caliper and computing table error from (1) the error readings at each angle measured and (2) the cumulative caliper error that will be evident when the circle is closed at 360', eliminating the necessity of adjusting the caliper to the exact setting.
Date:
April 27, 1964
Creator:
Bryan, J. & Mohl, O.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A Nuclear Reactor System for Generating Power and Supplying Steam to a Water Desalination Plant in the Florida Keys
From foreword: The results of an engineering study directed toward the evaluation and selection of a nuclear reactor system designed to produce electricity and furnish steam to a water desalination plant in the Florida Keys are given in this report.
Date:
March 1964
Creator:
Burns and Roe
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Saline Water Conversion Demonstration Plant Number 2, San Diego, California, Annual Report, Volume 1
Report documenting the ongoing progress and operations of the saline water conversion demonstration plant in San Diego, California.
Date:
February 1964
Creator:
Burns and Roe, Inc.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Calculation Of The Shock Wave From An Underground Nuclear Explosion In Granite
In any underground nuclear explosion, the shock front that propagates from the shot point carries with it energy from the explosion, and distributes this energy by doing work on the surrounding material. In the process, the material undergoes changes in both its physical and mechanical states. If enough energy is deposited in the material, it will vaporize or melt thus changing its physical state, or cause it to crush or crack. During the past few years, special computer codes have been developed for predicting the close-in phenomena of underground nuclear explosions using the laws of physics, and the knowledge of the properties of the materials in which the detonations occur. As a consequence, a better understanding of experimental observations and measurements has evolved.
Date:
April 24, 1964
Creator:
Butkovich, Theodore R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Geologic Map of the Paiute Ridge Quadrangle, Nye and Lincoln Counties, Nevada
Geologic map of the Paiute Ridge Quadrangle, Nye and Lincoln Counties, Nevada.
Date:
June 1964
Creator:
Byers, F. M., Jr. & Barnes, Harley
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Geologic Map of Scrugham Peak Quadrangle, Nye County, Nevada
This is a geologic map of the Scrugham Peak quadrangle in Nye County, Nevada.
Date:
August 1964
Creator:
Byers, F. M., Jr. & Cummings, David
Object Type:
Map
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Geologic Map of the Buckboard Mesa Quadrangle, Nye County, Nevada
This is a geological map of the Buckboard Mesa quadrangle in Nye County, Nevada.
Date:
September 1964
Creator:
Byers, F. M., Jr.; Rogers, C. L. & Luft, Stanley Jeremie
Object Type:
Map
System:
The UNT Digital Library