The following document addresses the terms of reference (TOR) such that a group of scientists forming the National Ecosystem Modeling Workshops (NEMoWs) could explore the facets of ecosystem model (EM) uncertainty and make pragmatic suggestions of how the NMFS could proceed in its EM endeavors by dealing with uncertainty using a suite of "best practices" recommended herein.

Report on shark predation of Hawaiian monk seals that includes three parts : a report from Workshop II on November 5-6, 2008, knowledge about shark predation related to Hawaiian monk seals, and HMSRP premises, positions, and post-workshop developments.

Report on the status of Hawaiian insular false killer whales in relation to the Endangered Species Act and its status evaluation.

From summary: This report reviews existing methods for setting catch limits for ORCS ("only reliable catch stocks"). Each approach is briefly summarized followed by a description of the required data, the major assumptions and consequent cautionary advice in utilizing the particular approach along with examples of its implementation, and the pros and cons of using the approach as views by the Working Group.

The following document is a report taken during a three-day workshop to estimate natural mortality for use in stock assessment applications. The workshop covered biological aspects of mortality, methods for estimation of mortality, and best practices for use of mortality in assessment models. This document presents the findings during this workshop.

From preface: This is a working document and individual stock assessment reports will be updated as new information on marine mammal stocks and fisheries become available...These Stock Assessment Reports summarize information from a wide range of original data sources and an extensive bibliography of all sources is given in each report.

From introduction: This review will explore the potential application of aversive conditioning to mitigate human-seal interaction within the MHI monk seal subpopulation.

Report detailing field studies of Hawaiian monk seals conducted at all of its main reproductive sites in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands.

From abstract: A stock assessment of the main Hawaiian Islands "Deep7" bottomfish complex was conducted through fishing year 2010, including projections to determine total allowable commercial catches (TACs) and their probabilities of overfishing. This assessment was conducted using re-audited bottomfish catch and effort data from commercial catch reports for the years 1948-2010.

This is an assessment report on the population of marine mammals along the U.S. Pacific coastline. These reports are ever-growing and subject to change annually.

From introduction: This report presents a study on the spillover effects, also termed "transfer effects", resulting from proposed regulatory changes for the Hawaii longline fishery specifically for swordfish...This study evaluates whether, and to what extent, spillover effects may occur when regulatory changes decrease the allowable fishing activities in the Hawaii shallow-set longline fishery for swordfish.

From introduction: This report is a summary of presentations and discussions from a workshop on automated image processing conducted in Seattle, Washington, from 4-7 September, 2010. The objective of the workshop was to examine current and future applications of automated image processing for fisheries and marine ecology research.

The following document examines the importance of spearfishing as a traditional fishing method in Hawaii. The purposes of the research behind this report were to develop a better understanding of the spearfish fishery and community; identify key players and organizations associated with the fishery; provide information to assist the State of Hawaii and the Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council in making decisions based on increased understanding of the ways people are socioeconomically affected by fishery policies; document the perspectives/concerns of local spearfishermen and resources users; and contribute to the development and refinement of the fishing community profiles for Hawaii in response to The Magnuson-Stevens Act, National Standard 8.

From about this document: This report describes the development and assessment of four spatially explicit predictive models describing mesophotic coral presence in the Au'au Channel Region in the Main Hawaiian Islands.

The following report presents the results of a workshop on the topic of estimating total and natural mortality rates in data-limited stock assessment situations. The workshop was held by the Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC) and the Southeast Fisheries Science Center (SEFSC).

This report produces the results of a workshop held by the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS). This workshop was meant to review information to determine if the current NMFS' criteria should be modified, objectives including the review of the current NMFS' criteria for sea turtle post-release mortality estimates; to identify, review, and assess relevant research conducted after the 2004 expert workshop; and to discuss the potential effects of hook design and size on injury and mortality.

From executive summary: This document provides and analysis of two fisheries policies designed to develop community-based marine research management insitutions in the Western Pacific Region of the United States as delineated in the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act.

This is an assessment report based on the population of marine mammals along the Pacific coastline in the year 2012. It is a working document that will continue to be updated as data changes.

This report analyzes the possible effects of the rehabilitation of Hawaiian monk seals and how their increase in numbers will affect the ecosystem and our fisheries. The document takes into account conclusions that overestimate potential monk seal impacts, and underestimate potential impacts of human extraction on monk seals.

From executive summary: The following report was meant to document the Hawaii charter fishing (for hire) sector's level of compliance with the Hawaii Division of Aquatic Resources (HDAR) commercial fishing reporting system and to identify possible changes to improve the system.

The following report presents reports of interactions between the cetaceans with Hawaii and American Samoa longline fisheries. Compiled here are injury and death reports concerning the dolphin as a summary of the mortality rates and injury severity observed during interactions.

The following document provides the results of the 2009 National Seabird Workshop hosted by the NSP National Coordinator. The workshop's primary goal was to initiate the development of a National Seabird Implementation Plan that can be used to describe NMFS seabird activites and important partnerships with other management agencies, guide NMFS seabird management and science, and provide seabird-related input into NOAA's strategic planning and budgeting process.

Report that brings a 1983 NOAA Technical Memorandum titled "recovery records of adult green turtles observed or originally tagged at French Frigate Shoals, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands" up to date. Report includes some novel ways to present information gathered in more than 40 years of systematic monitoring at FFS. (pg. iii)

From abstract: Report containing of a stock assessment update of the main Hawaiian Islands Deep7 bottom fish complex conducted through fishing year 2013. This update used the previous benchmark assessment data analysis, modeling, and stock projection approaches with one major improvement in CPUE standardization.