Article describes the life and personality of Billy Bowlegs, Seminole chief and warrior who fought against the encroachment of white settlers in the Seminole Wars. Carolyn Thomas Foreman explores the legacy of the man through accounts and documentation from the nineteenth century.

Quarterly publication containing articles, book reviews, photographs, illustrations, and other works documenting Oklahoma history and preservation. Index to volume 33 starts after page 567.

Article provides a biographical tribute to the life of Fred Severs Clinton. Louise Morse Whitham describes the life of the leading surgeon, builder, President of the Indian Territory Medical Association, and pioneer public health advocate in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

Article describes the creation process of the Great Seal of the Choctaw Nation, which is featured on the cover of this issue of The Chronicles. Muriel H. Wright describes the meaning behind the images represented in the seal, and explores the history of the Choctaws as a people.

Article describes the establishment of the Hendrix and Royer Ranch, also known as the Hook Nine Ranch, in Indian Territory. Ellsworth Collings discusses the founders and the results of their cattle business, providing details about the ranch and its surroundings.

Article explores the immigrant communities that sprouted in the Choctaw Nation with the influx of miners working for coal companies entering the area. Stanley Clark also uses government reports to construct a picture of the hazardous working conditions in the mines and the toll it took on the lives of the miners.

Article discusses the life and career of John D. Benedict, first United States superintendent of schools in Indian Territory. The position was mandated through the Curtis Act, and Muriel H. Wright provides historical context to the educator's life before including a transcription of the man's reminiscences in his role.

Notes and Documents column including documents about official seals of American Indian nations, notes on Doaksville, Choctaw Nation, a correction for an illustration of Billy Bowlegs in a book, the story of Pushmataha, a correction for The Chronicles, historians of the Ottawa, and the nomination of Ollie Magdalene Butler as the Pioneer Woman of Oklahoma of 1955.

This section includes the minutes of the quarterly meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society that was held on October 27, 1955.

Article provides some recollections of the author, who was one of the settlers who made the Oklahoma land run in 1889. James K. Hastings describes the lust for land experienced by the Sooners, life on the frontier, the growth of towns and business, and his own experiences teaching.

Article describes the true story behind the book titled The Choctaw Girl. Muriel H. Wright relates the tale of Tewah Hokay, a young Choctaw girl who lived near Bethabara Mission. She suffered from an injury incurred during the removal of her people and their journey west and died young, but was very religiously devoted.

Article describes the life and service of William Pollock, a Pawnee artist and rough rider who fought alongside Colonel Theodore Roosevelt in the Spanish-American War. Frank F. Finney includes both his personal recollections of the man and Roosevelt's.

Article describes the life and work of S. Alice Callahan, author of Wynema Child of the Forest and teacher at the Harrell Institute in Muscogee, Indian Territory. Carolyn Thomas Foreman explores the contents of the book, its titular individual, and includes excerpts of Callahan's work.

Article describes the history of the annual tours given by the Oklahoma Historical Society to various historic locations in Oklahoma. R. G. Miller explains the process of proposing the initial idea to the Board of the Directors, and traces the journeys of the tours since.

Quarterly publication containing articles, book reviews, photographs, illustrations, and other works documenting Oklahoma history and preservation.

Article provides a transcription of the remarks made by Oklahoma's New York visitors on the Irving tour given by the Oklahoma Historical Society in 1955. Maureen McKernan highlights the common thread of the New Yorkers being impressed with the preservation of historical sites in Oklahoma.

Article explores the reminiscences of the author, who was an agent for the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad in the Kiowa Nation. Milbern C. Harper provides a narrative about his friendships with Chief Lone Wolf and his son, Will Lone Wolf, the story of white destruction of American Indian land and resources he learned from an old warrior, and the history of land allotments in the area.

Article discusses the author's experiences in a pioneer family who lived in Oklahoma Territory. George W. Stiles discusses the opening of the Sac and Fox Reservation to settlement, early town growth, education, and the cattle trade.

Article describes the election of James Yancy Callahan representing Oklahoma Territory as a delegate to the U. S. House of Representatives, signaling a victory for the Populist Party. Elmer L. Fraker describes the rise of the populists and their collaboration with the Democratic party in the territorial period of Oklahoma's history.

Article describes the life and career of Choctaw attorney Grady Lewis. W. F. Semple and Winnie Lewis Gravitt explore the man's education, service in the U.S. Cavalry and Army during World War I and World War II, and law practice and representation of the tribes of North America.

Article describes the history of Quapaws and traces their movements throughout North America from as early as the sixteenth century. Vern E. Thompson also includes depictions of their religion, ceremonies, hunting grounds, discovery of lead and zinc, and a translation of a frenchman's report on the Quapaws.

This section includes the minutes of the quarterly meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society that was held on July 28, 1955.

Article discusses the music curriculum at the Cherokee National Female Seminary and the drive made by the music teacher to teach the daughters of the Edmondson family, the focus of the article. Kathleen Garrett explores the growth of music in Indian Territory.

Column documenting biographical information about Oklahomans who have died, including OHS Board of Directors member William J. Peterson and Pottawatomi County attorney George Carl Abernathy.