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Federal Employees: Pay and Pension Increases Since 1969 (open access)

Federal Employees: Pay and Pension Increases Since 1969

Pay increases for current federal employees and cost-of-living adjustments (COLAs) for retired federal employees often differ because they are based on changes in different economic variables. Increases in pay for civilian federal workers are indexed to wage and salary increases in the private-sector, as measured by the Employment Cost Index (ECI), while federal retirement and disability benefits are indexed to price increases as measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI). This report discusses the procedures for determining such increases.
Date: February 9, 2006
Creator: Purcell, Patrick J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Internet Taxation: Issues and Legislation in the 109th Congress (open access)

Internet Taxation: Issues and Legislation in the 109th Congress

This report discusses issues of state and local taxation of Internet transactions because commerce conducted by parties in different states over the Internet.
Date: February 2, 2006
Creator: Maguire, Steven & Noto, Nonna A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Federal Student Aid Need Analysis System: Background, Description, and Legislative Action (open access)

Federal Student Aid Need Analysis System: Background, Description, and Legislative Action

A federal need analysis system underlies the annual allocation of billions of dollars (more than $73 billion in FY2005) in student financial aid supported by Title IV of the Higher Education Act (HEA) (P.L. 89-329, as amended). The system has regularly been characterized by many as too complex, creating a barrier for students seeking financial assistance, especially low-income students. This report provides an overview of the federal need analysis system, including a discussion of recent legislative changes and proposals.
Date: February 3, 2006
Creator: Mercer, Charmaine
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
India: Chronology of Recent Events (open access)

India: Chronology of Recent Events

This report provides a reverse chronology of recent events involving India and India-U.S. relations. Sources include, but are not limited to, major newswires, the U.S. Department of State, Hindu (Madras), Hindustan Times (Delhi), and Indian Express (Bombay).
Date: February 7, 2006
Creator: Kronstadt, K. Alan
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Iraq: U.S. Regime Change Efforts and Post-Saddam Governance (open access)

Iraq: U.S. Regime Change Efforts and Post-Saddam Governance

Operation Iraqi Freedom succeeded in overthrowing Saddam Hussein, but Iraq remains violent and unstable because of Sunni Arab resentment and a related insurgency, as well as increasing sectarian violence. According to its November 30, 2005, “Strategy for Victory,” the Bush Administration indicates that U.S. forces will remain in Iraq until the country is able to provide for its own security and does not serve as a host for radical Islamic terrorists. This report discusses the background of the issue and examines several security challenges, response, and other policy options for the U.S.
Date: February 9, 2006
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Intelligence Issues for Congress (open access)

Intelligence Issues for Congress

This report discusses legislative initiatives to address the challenges facing the U.S. Intelligence Community in the 21st century.
Date: February 17, 2006
Creator: Best, Richard A., Jr.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Federal Networking and Information Technology Research and Development Program: Funding Issues and Activities (open access)

The Federal Networking and Information Technology Research and Development Program: Funding Issues and Activities

This report discusses the High-Performance Computing and Communications Program Act of 1991 (P.L. 102-194), which was passed to enhance the effectiveness of the various high-performance computing programs. The HPCC Program has evolved over time and is now called the Networking and Information Technology Research and Development (NITRD) Program, to better reflect its expanded mission.
Date: February 22, 2006
Creator: Figliola, Patricia Moloney
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Farm Commodity Programs: Direct Payments, Counter-Cyclical Payments, and Marketing Loans (open access)

Farm Commodity Programs: Direct Payments, Counter-Cyclical Payments, and Marketing Loans

Commodity support provisions in the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (P.L. 107-171, the 2002 farm bill) include three primary types of payments: (1) annual direct payments unrelated to production or prices, (2) counter-cyclical payments which are triggered when prices are below statutorily-determined target prices, and (3) marketing assistance loans that offer interim financing and, if prices fall below statutorily-determined loan prices, additional income support. This report describes the payments for wheat, feed grains, cotton, rice, oilseeds, peanuts, wool, mohair, honey, and certain other small grains. These commodities have similar rules, and generally account for about two-thirds of USDA farm commodity program outlays.
Date: February 10, 2006
Creator: Monke, Jim
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Overview, FY2007 Budget in Brief, and Key Issues for Congress (open access)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Overview, FY2007 Budget in Brief, and Key Issues for Congress

This report provides an overview of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and discuses NASA budget and its new Vision for Space Exploration, especially whether it is maintaining a balanced portfolio of programs that include science and aeronautics.
Date: February 16, 2006
Creator: Smith, Marcia S. & Morgan, Daniel
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The FY2007 Budget Request for the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) (open access)

The FY2007 Budget Request for the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)

This report discusses the FY2007 budget request for the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) includes $96.4 billion in budget authority.
Date: February 16, 2006
Creator: Monke, Jim
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
FY2007 Appropriations for State and Local Homeland Security (open access)

FY2007 Appropriations for State and Local Homeland Security

This report is an overview of the Administration’s budget request for the following seven homeland security programs designed to provide assistance to state and local first responders — firefighters, emergency medical personnel, emergency managers, and law enforcement officers.
Date: February 17, 2006
Creator: Reese, Shawn
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
National Emergency Powers (open access)

National Emergency Powers

This report the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601-1651) that eliminated or modified some statutory grants of emergency authority, required the President to declare formally the existence of a national emergency and to specify what statutory authority, activated by the declaration, would be used, and provided Congress a means to countermand the President's declaration and the activated authority being sought.
Date: February 10, 2006
Creator: Relyea, Harold C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Homeland Security: Protecting Airliners from Terrorist Missiles (open access)

Homeland Security: Protecting Airliners from Terrorist Missiles

Recent events have focused attention on the threat that terrorists with shoulder fired surface-to-air missiles (SAMs), referred to as Man-Portable Air Defense Systems (MANPADS), pose to commercial airliners. This report discusses SAMs and examines options for mitigating missile threats.
Date: February 16, 2006
Creator: Bolkcom, Christopher & Elias, Bartholomew
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Air Quality Issues and Animal Agriculture: EPA's Air Compliance Agreement (open access)

Air Quality Issues and Animal Agriculture: EPA's Air Compliance Agreement

In an effort to collect scientifically credible data regarding the effect of animal agriculture on water resources (specifically animal waste and emissions from animal feeding operations (AFO), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in January 2005 announced the Air Compliance Agreement. The agreement is intended to produce air quality monitoring data on AFO emissions during a two-year study, while at the same time protecting participants through a “safe harbor” from liability under certain provisions of federal environmental laws.
Date: February 2, 2006
Creator: Copeland, Claudia
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Tsunamis: Monitoring, Detection, and Early Warning Systems (open access)

Tsunamis: Monitoring, Detection, and Early Warning Systems

This report discusses proposals for international tsunami early warning systems and examines U.S. policy regarding tsunamis.
Date: February 23, 2006
Creator: Morrissey, Wayne A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies: FY2006 Appropriations (open access)

Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies: FY2006 Appropriations

The annual consideration of appropriations bills (regular, continuing, and supplemental) by Congress is part of a complex set of budget processes that also encompasses the consideration of budget resolutions, revenue and debt limit legislation, other spending measures, and reconciliation bills. This report is a guide to one of the regular appropriations bills that Congress considers each year. It is designed to supplement the information provided by the House Appropriations Subcommittee on Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies and the Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Interior and Related Agencies. It summarizes the status of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies appropriations bill, its scope, major issues, funding levels, and related congressional activity, and is updated as events warrant.
Date: February 3, 2006
Creator: Vincent, Carol H. & Boren, Susan
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Federal Research and Development Funding: FY2006 (open access)

Federal Research and Development Funding: FY2006

This report discusses federal research and development (R&D) funding. The Bush Administration requested $132.4 billion in R&D funding for FY2006. This sum represents a $400 million increase over the FY2005 estimated funding level of $132 billion.
Date: February 1, 2006
Creator: Davey, Michael E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The National Environment Policy Act: Streamlining NEPA (open access)

The National Environment Policy Act: Streamlining NEPA

This report discusses elements of National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) relevant to streamlining, issues associated with determining project delays attributed to NEPA, common streamlining methods, and recently proposed and enacted legislative and administrative streamlining activities.
Date: February 8, 2006
Creator: Luther, Linda G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The National Environment Policy Act: Streamlining NEPA (open access)

The National Environment Policy Act: Streamlining NEPA

This report discusses elements of National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) relevant to streamlining, issues associated with determining project delays attributed to NEPA, common streamlining methods, and recently proposed and enacted legislative and administrative streamlining activities.
Date: February 13, 2006
Creator: Luther, Linda G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Medicaid and SCHIP: FY2007 Budget Issues (open access)

Medicaid and SCHIP: FY2007 Budget Issues

This report provides information on Medicaid and State Children’s Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) issues.
Date: February 13, 2006
Creator: Grady, April; Hearne, Jean P.; Herz, Elicia J. & Tritz, Karen
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Federal Habeas Corpus Relief: Background, Legislation, and Issues (open access)

Federal Habeas Corpus Relief: Background, Legislation, and Issues

This report examines the issues surrounding the debate on whether to further restrict state prisoners’ access to federal habeas corpus filings. This report does not discuss issues related to federalism and the proper role of the federal court system in overseeing the actions of state courts pertaining to prisoners’ constitutional rights. The report opens with a discussion of a commission that was established in 1988 to study and make recommendations of the then-current federal habeas corpus system and the 1996 law that restricted prisoners’ access to federal habeas corpus relief. It then provides an analysis of federal habeas corpus petition data since 1990. The report examines whether the number of federal habeas corpus petitions and the time it takes for the federal court system to process these claims have increased since the enactment of the the Anti-Terrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act (AEDPA). It then discusses legislation introduced in the 109th Congress that would further restrict state prisoners’ access to federal habeas corpus relief. The report concludes with an analysis of two dominant issues that are at the center of this debate: delays caused by habeas corpus petitions and post-conviction representation.
Date: February 1, 2006
Creator: Seghetti, Lisa M. & James, Nathan
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
An Introduction to the Design of the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (open access)

An Introduction to the Design of the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit

This report discusses the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC), which is a federal provision that reduces the income tax liability of taxpayers claiming the credit. These taxpayers are typically investors in real estate development projects that have traded cash for the tax credits to support the production of affordable housing. The credit is intended to lower the financing costs of housing developments so that the rental prices of units can be lower than market rates, and thus, presumably, affordable.
Date: February 24, 2006
Creator: Jackson, Pamela J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
FEMA's Community Disaster Loan Program (open access)

FEMA's Community Disaster Loan Program

Areas struck by disasters, both natural and man-made, often experience a destruction of property and decline in economic activity. Tax collections for affected local governments may fall substantially as a consequence. At the same time, the financial and public service obligations of local governments persist and may actually increase. The unexpected loss of revenue coupled with the increased financial needs for responding to a natural disaster or terrorist act may lead local governments to seek assistance from the federal government. This report examines the federal Community Disaster Loan (CDL) program, authorized by Section 417 of the Stafford Act and administered by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). The CDL program is intended to assist local governments that experience revenue losses and/or increased municipal operating expenses as the result of a presidentially declared major disaster.
Date: February 21, 2006
Creator: Noto, Nonna A. & Maguire, Steven
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
FEMA's Flood Hazard Map Modernization Initiative (open access)

FEMA's Flood Hazard Map Modernization Initiative

This report discusses the the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), which required the Flood Insurance Administration in the Department of Housing and Urban Development to produce countywide “Flood Insurance Rate Maps,” or FIRMs, to set federal flood insurance premiums based on flood risk.
Date: February 3, 2006
Creator: Morrissey, Wayne A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library