Photograph of G. C. Gardner, Jr., Soil Conservation Service technician, points to debris piling up under a U. S. Highway 281 bridge near Hinton. The back of the photograph proclaims, “Close up of U. S. Highway 281 bridge shown in Okla-9570. G. C. Gardner, Jr., Soil Conservation Service technician, points to debris piling up under bridge. Note narrow space between bridge floor & silt accumulation. “

Photograph of Karl Goebbel inspects his White Dutch clover as cattle graze this improved pasture. This is Crowley silt loam, lighter and more porous than the soil of the Joe Zambreaher [?] from Abbeville, LA. Each farm is typical at its class of soil. In addition to some fertilizer treatment given Zambreaher's improved pastures. Lime was added here becasue the soil was deficient in calcium and magnesium, the limestone used being half calcium and half magnesium, as explained by Rufus K. Walker, Rice Experiment Station. See LA-61-459 and LA-61-461.

Photograph of a gully plug with pipe in the process of construction under private contract in flood control work. Gully has been eroding bank back to cultivated land protected by terrace system. Eroded soil has been washing into west Barnitz Creek. Plug will stabilize land below in conjunction with other plugs and detentions. This plug will be augmented by 2 divisions to stabilize 2 other gullies and keep the terrace water from entering gullies. Photo shows fill being made. Note riser pipe which will carry water off when it reaches a certain height. See OK-9521. OK-9520.

Photograph of a buffalo skull found at a 6-foot depth in a gully plug construction work. The depth of the skull indicates piling up of sediment from flood waters. Andrew A. Orr, Soil Conservation service technician, is examining the skull. OK-9527.

Photograph of F. M. Vollintine (SP?) seeding a 10-acre field with weeping lovegrass as a part of the Trinity River watershed conservation revegetation in aid of flood control. TX-44-311.

Photograph of Mr. Copeland adjusting the height of a plow used for constructing terraces. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Mr. Copeland adjusts the plow which he using to build terraces."

Photograph of U.S. Highway 281 bridge shown in Okla-9570. G.C. Gardner, Jr., Soil Conservation Service technician, points to debris piling up under bridge. Note narrow space between bridge floor & silt accumulations.

Photograph of railroad (Rock Island) piles up rock to protect roadbed where Cedar Branch Creek makes one right angle turn & then another to flow under railroad bridge 4641. When swollen with flood waters & silt, creek cuts into farm on left. Shore's distance other side of bridge, creek enters Tonkawa Creek.

Photograph of large area ruined for crop production by siltation from Sugar Creek flood waters. This land used to grow profitable alfalfa crops. Bridge in background is part of US highway 281.

Photograph of a drainage ditch on the left that drains three farms. The one on the right (right center in the photo, outlined by the spoils bank) drains seven farms. The two drainage ditches come together at this point. They were installed by the Acadia Soil Conservation District [SCD] with assistance from Soil Conservation Service [SCS] technicians working with them. In the foreground is a concrete flume carrying irrigation water across the drainage ditch. See LA-61, 468, 469 and 471. LA-61, 470.

Photograph of a drilled rice field under irrigation water. Note the contour pattern. LA-61, 476.

Photograph of concrete flumes carrying irrigation water over a drainage ditch. Two drainage ditches come together on the other side of the flume. The drainage ditch empties into the Bayou Pointe aux Loups which flows into the Bayou des Cannes [French: “Creek of the Reeds”] from which comes the irrigation water in this canal. Soil Conservation Service technician looks over the drainage ditch flume. See LA-61, 468 – 470. LA-61, 471.

Photograph of pasture in the foreground, rice field in the background. Note levee or contour pattern of rice field. LA-61, 478.

Photograph of an improved pasture of oats, white Dutch clover and Kobe lespedeza. See LA-61, 481, 483, 484 and 485. LA-61, 482.

Photograph of where an irrigation canal and drainage ditch meet. Irrigation water is carried over drainage ditch in a concrete flume. A Soil Conservation Service [SCS] technician points to confluences of two drainage ditches in center background. Dug by the Acadia Soil Conservation District [SCD] with technical assistance of SCS, drainage ditches serve 10 farms, the one on the left draining three; the one on the right draining the other seven. The drainage empties into the Bayou Pointe Aux Loups [French: “Wolf Point Creek”] in Iota. See LA-61-468, 470 and 471. LA-61, 469.

Photograph of the seeding of a 41-acre field to rice by use of an airplane. Note contour pattern. See LA-61, 448; LA-61, 450 and LA-61, 451. LA-61, 449.

Photograph ofthe little daughter of owner, Janel Mouton, picks white Dutch clover blossoms to show how the clover grows along with oats in this 30-acre improved pasture. After 2 years of improved pasture, the field will be planted to rice for 1 year, then back to oats and clover. In this field, oats were grazed from January 1 to mid-March. Improved pastures fertilized with 150 pounds of nitrate of soda. This is all part of a coordinated soil conservation program which also includes a drainage system designed by Soil Conservation Service technicians assigned to the Soil Conservation District. LA-61, 479.

Photograph of improved permanent pasture of oats, Kobe lespedeza and white Dutch clover, with the farmstead in the background from its prior state of unimproved pasture of inferior vegetation. Oats were planted in the fall of 1947, clover planted on November 15, 1947 and lespedeza planted in late February 1948. Oats fertilized with 200 pounds of super-phosphate and 100 poundsof nitrate of soda per acre. See LA-61, 482 – 485. LA-61, 481

Photograph of Goebbel (right) and David E. Black, in charge of rotation investigations of the Rice Experiment Station at Crowley, Louisiana, discussing this field of oats and Kobe lespedeza as it fits into a 3-year rotation plan. The fields here are the second year of rotation. After another year all the fields will be converted to rice production for 2 years. The 2 fields of oats and lespedeza (= 18.4 acres) were grazed for 45 days by 12 cows. The cattle were put into the fields on December 20, 1947, taken off on January 20, put back on February 12 and then taken off for the season on February 27, 1948. The oats and lespedeza will be harvested, the Blacks estimating a yield of 1½ tons of lespedeza per acre, and 30 bushels of oats, the latter having suffered from a hard freeze. See LA-61, 459; LA-61, 460 and LA-61, 462 and the Zaumbrecher photos made at Abbeville, Louisiana. LA-61, 461.

Photograph of Leopold Noel, Jr., right, discusses this 90-acre improved pasture of white Dutch clover, Bermuda grass and Kobe lespedeza with a Soil Conservation Service technician. This pasture is alternated 60 acre field of name vegetation. On January 1, 150 cattle were put on this 90-acre field &are still grazing it. Before pastures were improved, they were composed of carpet grass and broomsage. “We could run only one quarter the number of the cattle we have now and they stayed skinny,” Leopold, Jr. said. “Now we buy skinny cattle, fatten them in the improved pasture and sell them. We feed only 400 pounds of cotton meal cake for all the cattle daily in January.” Pasture improvement is part of a coordinated soil conservation program. Numerous field drains keep excess water off the pastures. See LA-61, 481; 482; 484; and 485. LA-61, 483.

Photograph of a main irrigation canal being carried in a concrete flume over a drainage ditch. In the left background, two drainage ditches come together before going under the flume. Note spoil banks of drainage. A Soil Conservation Service technician looks over the drainage ditches from the end of the flume. See LA-61, 469 – LA 61, 471 LA-61, 468.

Photograph of Mr. Joe Zaumbrecher who smiles as he works with his sons in making his farm more productive and profitable through soil conservation. See other photos taken on this farm. LA-61-458.

Photograph of a landing plane with rice seed for planting a 41-acre field of the Lozen Leger Estate farm. The pilot is helping with loading is Jack G. Hains, Jr., manager of the plane service firm and son of Acadia Soil Conservation District supervisor. See LA-61, 448; LA-61, 449 and LA-6, 450.

Photograph of a Soil Conservation Services technician examines white Dutch clover in a field of oats. The field will keep the oat and clover crop for 2 years, planted to rice for 1 year and then returned to oats and clover again for 2 years. It was rice last year, the yield being 12 barrels an acre. This is part of a coordinated soil conservation program. Oats spotted because of poor drainage and damage from a freeze. LA-61, 484.