A test bed for experimental evaluation of a fixed solar collector which combines an evacuated glass tube solar receiver with a flat plate/black chrome plated copper absorber and an asymmetric veetrough concentrator was designed and constructed. Earlier predictions of thermal performance were compared with test data acquired for a bare vacuum tube receiver; and receiver tubes with Alzak aluminum, aluminized FEP Teflon film laminated sheet metal and second surface ordinary mirror reflectors. Test results and system economics as well as objectives of an ongoing program to obtain long-term performance data are discussed.

Abstract: "Present methods of determining pond volume are time-consuming and laborious. This paper describes a simple, rapid method for determining water volume in ponds by measuring the change in chloride concentration caused by the addition of a known weight of salt. Mean volume estimates derived by this method were not significantly different (F-test; 0.01 level) from those obtained by multiplying surface area by mean depth or measuring the flow rate through fill pipes."

Extrusion and rolling processes exhibiting large amounts of plastic flow are analyzed using a finite element technique that is based on a modified creeping viscous flow approximation. The technique, called the initial stress-rate method, iteratively corrects creeping viscous flow solutions to generate results that include elastic response. The momentum equations have been coupled with the energy equation to provide the capability to predict thermomechanical response during forming operations.