Resource Type

Birthday of the Klan: The Tulsa Outrage of 1917 (open access)

Birthday of the Klan: The Tulsa Outrage of 1917

Article describes the events that led to the Tulsa Outrage of 1917, including the emergence of the "Knights of Liberty" a vigilante group grown from the Tulsa Council of Defense which persecuted members of labor organizations and whose actions foreshadowed later violence committed by the Ku Klux Klan.
Date: Winter 2019
Creator: Hopkins, Randy
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Victory Loan Flying Circus in Oklahoma City and Tulsa, May 2-3, 1919 (open access)

The Victory Loan Flying Circus in Oklahoma City and Tulsa, May 2-3, 1919

Article chronicles the two days that the Flying Circus spent in Oklahoma City and Tulsa in 1919 and emphasizes the impact of its exhibitions on the future of aviation in the state.
Date: Summer 2019
Creator: Roesler, Alan L.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
German-American Immigrants Encounter World War I: A Cautionary Tale (open access)

German-American Immigrants Encounter World War I: A Cautionary Tale

Article reveals the story of one family of German-American immigrants who were conscientious objectors during World War I, and how their story reflects the larger narrative of immigrant religious expression in wartime.
Date: Autumn 2018
Creator: Reimer, Dalton
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
World War II and the Story of Douglas Aircraft Plants in Tulsa and Midwest City (open access)

World War II and the Story of Douglas Aircraft Plants in Tulsa and Midwest City

Article describes the history of military aircraft construction in Oklahoma during World War II, focusing on two Douglas Aircraft plants in Tulsa and Midwest City and the communities surrounding them.
Date: Winter 2017
Creator: Wikle, Thomas A.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Rex Brinlee: The Man and His Escape (open access)

Rex Brinlee: The Man and His Escape

This article tells the story of notorious criminal Rex Brinlee, who is best known for his multiple escapes from the Oklahoma State Penitentiary. The article interweaves the details of his crimes with larger state events, including the McAlester Prison Riot.
Date: Summer 2013
Creator: Reavis, Jack Anthony
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
A. J. Smitherman: Pen Warrior (open access)

A. J. Smitherman: Pen Warrior

Article traces A. J. Smitherman's tumultuous career in the Oklahoma press defending African American causes.
Date: Autumn 2011
Creator: Seals Nevergold, Barbara A.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Judge Royce H. Savage (open access)

Judge Royce H. Savage

Article asserts that despite the controversy surrounding Judge Royce Savage's retirement from the Northern District Court, the judge's reputation for case management and dedication to pretrial conferences remains intact.
Date: Spring 2011
Creator: Kellough, William C.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Antisuffragist. Antifeminist! Pro-women? The Anomalous Alice Mary Robertson (open access)

Antisuffragist. Antifeminist! Pro-women? The Anomalous Alice Mary Robertson

Article examining Oklahoma's first woman representative in the United States Congress, Alice Mary Robertson. In this article Robertson's attitudes toward suffrage, feminism, and women at home and in politics, are explored.
Date: Spring 2010
Creator: Caldwell, Deah
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Power for the People: Developing the Grand River Dam Authority, Part 2, 1945-1964 (open access)

Power for the People: Developing the Grand River Dam Authority, Part 2, 1945-1964

This article is the second part of a two-part article on the Grand River Dam Authority. In this part, the author analyzes the state agency's history after World War II. Only one-third complete in 1945, the GRDA operated only Pensacola Dam. Over the next three decades Senators Elmer Thomas and Robert S. Kerr guided the federal legislation that would allow the Authority to complete its flood control dams and power generation/distribution facilities in the watershed of the Grand River.
Date: Autumn 2009
Creator: Lowitt, Richard, 1922-2018
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
From Termination to Self-Determination: Indian Health in Oklahoma, 1954-1980, Part 2 (open access)

From Termination to Self-Determination: Indian Health in Oklahoma, 1954-1980, Part 2

The second part of this two-part article continues the evaluation of the problems in Indian healthcare and the campaign led by Senators Fred Harris and Dewey Bartlett to correct a record of neglect. The healthcare problem after 1970 was linked to a new federal policy of tribal self-determination.
Date: Spring 2008
Creator: Lowitt, Richard, 1922-2018
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
From Termination to Self-Determination: Indian Health in Oklahoma, 1954-1980, Part 1 (open access)

From Termination to Self-Determination: Indian Health in Oklahoma, 1954-1980, Part 1

Article evaluates the problems of Indian health care and the campaign led by Senator Fred Harris and others to correct a record of neglect.
Date: Winter 2007
Creator: Lowitt, Richard, 1922-2018
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Will Rogers High School: The Public Works Administration, Progressive Education, and a Modern School (open access)

Will Rogers High School: The Public Works Administration, Progressive Education, and a Modern School

This article details the pedagogical planning and architectural design of Tulsa's Will Rogers High School.
Date: Winter 2007
Creator: Ambler, Cathy
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Dark Spot on the Sunbelt: Economic Stagnation and Political Corruption in 1950s Oklahoma (open access)

Dark Spot on the Sunbelt: Economic Stagnation and Political Corruption in 1950s Oklahoma

Article examines the roles of negative self-image and political corruption on the stagnation of Oklahoma's economic health in the 1950s.
Date: Summer 2007
Creator: McGoy, Matthew G.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
An Exercise in Pride: Celebrating the Oklahoma Semi-centennial (open access)

An Exercise in Pride: Celebrating the Oklahoma Semi-centennial

This article takes a look back at the semi-centennial celebration of 1957 as Oklahoma prepares to celebrate the centennial of 1907 statehood in 2007.
Date: Summer 2007
Creator: Mullins, Bill
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"Hoorah for Integration!": The Adoption of the 1955 Better Schools Amendment (open access)

"Hoorah for Integration!": The Adoption of the 1955 Better Schools Amendment

This article examines the campaign led by Governor Raymond D. Gary to adopt a constitutional amendment ending the time-honored special tax for separate schools and begin the process of integration after the Supreme Court Decision in Brown v. Board of Education (1954).
Date: Summer 2007
Creator: Lough, Keith D.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
A Meeting of Conquerors: Art Goebel and Charles Lindbergh in Tulsa, 1927 (open access)

A Meeting of Conquerors: Art Goebel and Charles Lindbergh in Tulsa, 1927

Article recounts the meeting of Art Gobel and Charles A. Lindbergh in Tulsa in September 1927. Both aviators, Goebel was known as "The Conqueror of the Pacific," while Lindbergh was "The Conqueror of the Atlantic." Their meeting and behavior toward Oklahomans revealed much about each man's character and personality and about the American practice of hero making.
Date: Spring 2007
Creator: Hedglen, Thomas
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
A Reading Room of Their Own: Library Services for African Americans in Oklahoma, 1907-1946 (open access)

A Reading Room of Their Own: Library Services for African Americans in Oklahoma, 1907-1946

Article discussing the struggles African American Oklahomans faced for access to public library services. The first forty years of statehood brought a few successes, and by mid-century only eleven communities provided a public library facility for the state's black citizens.
Date: Autumn 2006
Creator: Cassity, R. O. Joe, Jr.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Capital Versus Labor in Tulsa: The Mid-Continent Refinery Strike of 1938-40 (open access)

Capital Versus Labor in Tulsa: The Mid-Continent Refinery Strike of 1938-40

Article details the Mid-Continent Refinery Strike of 1938-40. On December 22, 1938, members of the Oil Worker's International Union, representing labor in the petroleum industry at Tulsa's Mid-Continent Refinery, shut down the plant and walked off the job. The bitter, protracted, and occasionally violent fight involved two years of investigations and negotiations.
Date: Spring 2006
Creator: Rubey, Diane M.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Protecting His Race: A. J. Smitherman and the Tulsa Star (open access)

Protecting His Race: A. J. Smitherman and the Tulsa Star

Article explores the life and career of A. J. Smitherman, publisher of the Tulsa Star, who protested the mistreatment of African American citizens during the Tulsa Race Massacre and encouraged development of black resistance to racial violence. Despite the destruction and death that occurred, Smitherman continued spreading uplifting messages through the papers he published.
Date: Autumn 2002
Creator: O'Dell, Larry
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
There is No Place like The Home: A Brief History of the Tulsa Boys' Home (open access)

There is No Place like The Home: A Brief History of the Tulsa Boys' Home

Article provides historical context for the creation of the Tulsa Boys' Home in 1918 for troubled and orphaned boys. Michael Lail describes the institutions that founded the home, namely the Tulsa Rotary Club and the First Presbyterian Church, and the growth and movement of The Home itself over the years.
Date: Summer 2001
Creator: Lail, Michael
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"Almost Hopeless in the Wake of the Storm": The 1918 Spanish Flu Epidemic in Oklahoma (open access)

"Almost Hopeless in the Wake of the Storm": The 1918 Spanish Flu Epidemic in Oklahoma

Article examines the impact of the Spanish flu epidemic on Oklahomans during 1918-1919. Nigel Anthony Sellars discusses the spread of the epidemic on a detailed level, identifying the medical institutions and professionals who sought to combat the epidemic as it spread from one Oklahoma city to another.
Date: Spring 2001
Creator: Sellars, Nigel Anthony
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Heyday in the Texas League: Oklahoma City-Tulsa Baseball, 1933-1957 (open access)

Heyday in the Texas League: Oklahoma City-Tulsa Baseball, 1933-1957

Article explores the history of baseball in Oklahoma City and Tulsa through the victories and training regime of two major teams: the Oklahoma City Indians and the Tulsa Oilers. Max J. Nichols traces their plays and connection with the Texas League in a golden era of baseball.
Date: Summer 1996
Creator: Nichols, Max J.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Notes and Documents, Spring 1991 (open access)

Notes and Documents, Spring 1991

Notes and Documents column including a document tracing the historical origins of the place name "Broken Arrow." Donald A. Wise examines the literature surrounding it and the Creek community that created the name.
Date: Spring 1991
Creator: Wise, Donald A.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Note and Documents, Spring 1981 (open access)

Note and Documents, Spring 1981

Notes and Documents column including a personal narrative written by Nettie DeMoss about her experiences growing up in Indian Territory. Norman Crowe, editor of the document, provides an introduction to the piece.
Date: Spring 1981
Creator: DeMoss, Nettie & Crowe, Norman
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History