Seventeen of the European Union's 27 member states share an economic and monetary union (EMU) with the euro as a single currency. These countries are effectively referred to as the Eurozone. What has become known as the Eurozone crisis began in early 2010 when financial markets were shaken by heightened concerns that the fiscal positions of a number of Eurozone countries, beginning with Greece, were unsustainable. This report provides background information and analysis on the future of the Eurozone in six parts, including discussions on the origins and design challenges of the Eurozone, proposals to define the Eurozone crisis, possible scenarios for the future of the Eurozone, and the implications of the Eurozone crisis for U.S. economic and political interests.

This report provides a brief overview of the European Union's (EU) accession process, Turkey's path to EU membership, and the impact of the Cyprus problem.

Letter from I. H. Kempner to Roma Lipowske discussing life updates about "Uncle Dave's" grandson and asking whether she received a care package Kempner sent her.

In May 2003, the United States, Canada, and Argentina initiated a formal challenge before the World Trade Organization (WTO) of the European Union’s (EU’s) de facto moratorium on approving new agricultural biotechnology products, in place since 1998. Although the EU effectively lifted the moratorium in May 2004 by approving a genetically engineered (GE) corn variety, the three countries are pursuing the case, in part because a number of EU member states continue to block approved biotech products. Because of delays, the WTO is expected to decide the case by December 2005. The moratorium reportedly cost U.S. corn growers some $300 million in exports to the EU annually. The EU moratorium, U.S. officials contend, threatened other agricultural exports not only to the EU, but also to other parts of the world where the EU approach to regulating agricultural biotechnology is taking hold.

Letter from M. Dobrynski to Mr. Kempner thanking him for placing an order.

Letter from Roma Lipowske to the Kempners thanking them for sending nylon stockings, asking for further monthly pairs, old summer clothes, and some tea and coffee to help her husband's blood pressure, while asking about Aunt Fanny.

Letter from I. H. Kempner to Roma Lipowska thanking her for her birthday wishes and talking about two recent visits by his daughter and granddaughter.

Letter from Roma Lipowska to the Kempners thanking them for the packages of food and clothes they received and discussing I. H. Kempner's eye operation.