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Japan and an East Asian Trading Bloc
The 1990s are likely to be known as the decade of the trading blocs, although these neo-blocs differ considerably from those of the 1930s. Countries are linking to liberalize the flow of trade and investments across their borders without necessarily raising external barriers. The European Community and the European Free Trade Association are linking to create a European Economic Area, and the United States and Canada have joined in negotiations with Mexico to conclude a North America Free Trade Agreement. In Asia, nations have been studying the idea of a similar arrangement for themselves.
Date:
February 6, 1992
Creator:
Nanto, Dick K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Congress and Trade Policy Toward Japan
Congressional policymaking with respect to trade with Japan is driven by strong domestic interests, appeals to broad political principles, and numerous horror stories. The $43 billion U.S. trade deficit with Japan continues to be a focus of attention, but the deficit is an issue because it reflects aggressive competition between Japanese companies and U.S. industries.
Date:
April 15, 1992
Creator:
Nanto, Dick K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Japan-U.S. Trade: Results of Trade Negotiations - An Issue Overview
On May 25, 1989, President Bush proposed that the United States undertake the Structural Impediments Initiative (SII), a series of discussions with Japan to address certain fundamental Japanese economic policies and business practices that the United States claims impede U.S. exports and investments. The SII was, in part, a Bush Administration response to the stubborn U.S. trade deficit and other problems that have caused friction in the U.S. trading relationship with Japan. It was also a response to congressional pressure to deal more aggressively with Japanese unfair trade practices and to calls from critics to adopt a "managed" trade policy toward Japan.
Date:
November 24, 1993
Creator:
Nanto, Dick K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Japan-U.S. Trade: The Structural Impediments Initiative
On May 25, 1989, President Bush proposed that the United States undertake the Structural Impediments Initiative (SII), a series of discussions with Japan to address certain fundamental Japanese economic policies and business practices that the United States claims impede U.S. exports and investments. The SII was, in part, a Bush Administration response to the stubborn U.S. trade deficit and other problems that have caused friction in the U.S. trading relationship with Japan. It was also a response to congressional pressure to deal more aggressively with Japanese unfair trade practices and to calls from critics to adopt a "managed" trade policy toward Japan.
Date:
March 15, 1993
Creator:
Cooper, William H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Japan-United States Framework for Trade Negotiations
President Clinton proposed to Prime Minister Miyazawa the idea of a framework for U.S.-Japanese negotiations during their April 13, 1993 meeting in Washington. The two leaders agreed to instruct subordinates to prepare details of such a framework in time for presentation in July in Tokyo when the President would meet with the Prime Minister and the other G-7 leaders at the annual economic summit.
Date:
August 6, 1993
Creator:
Cooper, William H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Japan's Import Protection: Quantitative Measures and Effects on U.S. Exports
Some indirect measures of Japan's import barriers indicate that Japan's import behavior is unusual, but some do not. Japan's trade surplus is large, but the United States exports as much to that market as it does to other major industrialized nations. Japan's imports of manufactures, however, are low relative to levels in other industrialized nations.
Date:
August 20, 1993
Creator:
Nanto, Dick K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
APEC - Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation: Free Trade and Other Issues
As a result of an initiative by Australia in 1989, the United States joined with eleven other Asia/Pacific nations in creating APEC, the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation organization. This report discusses the annual Ministerial Meeting of APEC in Seattle, held from November 17 - 19, 1993.
Date:
November 10, 1993
Creator:
Nanto, Dick K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Japan's Global Trade Surplus: Its Nature and Significance
Japan's global current account surplus is expected to reach $150 billion in 1993, up substantially from a modest $36 billion in 1990. The movement of Japan's current account surplus in this period is, perhaps, more dramatic as a share of GDP, going from a substantial 3.6 percent in 1987, down to a modest 1.2 percent in 1990, and up again to about 3.1 percent in 1992. Japan's growing surplus is criticized as a consequence of that country's barriers to trade, and as a drag on the economic recovery of the world economy.
Date:
October 29, 1993
Creator:
Elwell, Craig K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Japan-U.S. Trade: Results of Trade Negotiations
ave Japan's trade concessions resulted in more U.S. exports? One premise of the more results-oriented trade policy toward Japan now being pursued is that past concessions have not caused U.S. exports to Japan to rise. The only success story seems to be that of semiconductors in which a specific goal of 20 percent of the Japanese market was set and attained.
Date:
October 15, 1993
Creator:
Nanto, Dick K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
JETRO and International Trade Promotion by Japan
JETRO, the Japan External Trade Organization, has played a key role in Japan's system for trade promotion. It is a public corporation, a quasi-governmental organization, operating under the general supervision of Japan's Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI).
Date:
June 10, 1994
Creator:
Nanto, Dick K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Japan-U.S. Trade Negotiations Under the Framework: Status and Alternative Approaches
It has been more than a year since the United States and Japan established their bilateral framework for trade negotiations and other economic relations. The framework set down rules and deadlines to address various economic issues, particularly market access in Japan for U.S. exports and the Japanese global trade surplus. The two sides have failed to reach agreements on any of the major issues. The United States is left with several policy options to resolve the breakdown in trade negotiations.
Date:
August 2, 1994
Creator:
Cooper, William H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Japan-U.S. Trade Negotiations: Will the Deadlock Be Broken?
The United States and Japan have been deadlocked for over a year in an effort to reach agreements under the July 1993 Framework for a New Economic Relationship. The overriding obstacle has concerned the issue of how to measure progress under future agreements to open Japan's market further to foreign goods and services.
Date:
September 13, 1994
Creator:
Ahearn, Raymond J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
APEC and Free Trade in the Asia Pacific
This report discusses the summit held by President Bill Clinton and other leaders of the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) on November 19, 1995. The report discusses the primary reason for the summit, an Action Agenda intended to lead to free and open trade and investment among its members. The report also discusses how APEC countries were divided on certain issues going into this summit.
Date:
November 14, 1995
Creator:
Nanto, Dick K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Financial Services Trade with Japan
The 1995 U.S.-Japan Financial Services Agreement further liberalizes aspects of Japan's financial markets, particularly in asset management, corporate securities, cross-border financial services, and in providing greater transparency for administrative procedures. Implementation will have to be monitored, however, and some issues still remain unresolved.
Date:
March 24, 1995
Creator:
Nanto, Dick K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Japan-U.S. Automobile and Parts Trade Dispute
On May 9, 1995, the United States initiated action designed to resolve a dispute with Japan dealing with automobiles and auto parts. In an effort to move negotiations along and resolve a U.S. unfair trade practices case (Section 301) dealing with barriers in the aftermarket for auto parts in Japan, the United States has threatened to impose 100 percent tariffs on imports of thirteen Japanese luxury passenger cars (Honda Acura, Nissan Infiniti, Toyota Lexus, Mazda 929 and Millenia, and Mitsubishi Diamante). The decision will be made by June 28, 1995. The United States also is pursuing a broad unfair trading case dealing with access to Japan's automotive market at the World Trade Organization. Japan, meanwhile, has also initiated a case at the WTO challenging the legality of the threatened increase in U.S. tariffs. Consultations under the WTO on these issues began in Geneva on June 12, 1995.
Date:
June 9, 1995
Creator:
Nanto, Dick K.; Cooper, William H. & Bass, Gwenell L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Japanese Trade Balance and Exchange Rate: Seeing Through the Numbers
Measured in dollars, Japan's global trade surplus stands at a record level. Also in recent months the Japanese yen has appreciated markedly against the dollar. The two events seem to foster a sizable degree of concern among many Americans, perhaps, taken to be evidence of Japan's economic success and the United States' economic failure. Things need not be as they seem, however.
Date:
August 3, 1995
Creator:
Elwell, Craig K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Japanese-U.S. Trade Relations: Cooperation or Confrontation?
With Japan the United States has had one of its most important and most difficult trading relationships. Japan ranks second to Canada as the largest U.S. export market. It is also the second largest single source of imports to the United States. Trade issues are likely to become even more important as the whole U.S.-Japanese relationship changes in the post-Cold War period. How each country views and reacts to the other is changing as economic issues replace foreign policy and national security issues as the driving force of the relationship.
Date:
February 2, 1993
Creator:
Cooper, William H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Japanese-U.S. Trade Relations: Cooperation or Confrontation?
None
Date:
June 23, 1993
Creator:
Cooper, William H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Japanese-U.S. Trade Relations: Cooperation or Confrontation?
With Japan the United States has had one of its most important, and, at the same time, one of its most difficult, trading rela- tionships. Japan ranks second to Canada as the largest U.S. export market. It is also the largest single source of imports to the United States.
Date:
November 10, 1992
Creator:
Cooper, William H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Japan-U.S. Automotive Framework Talks
The U.S.-Japan framework talks were initiated in July 1993. The automotive negotiations between Japan and the United States focused on sales of U.S. vehicles in Japan; sales of U.S.-made original equipment parts in Japan and to Japanese transplants in the United States; and deregulation of the market for replacement parts in Japan. An unresolved dispute over shock absorbers and other replacement parts resulted in the United States launching a formal investigation of Japanese market barriers to imported car parts under Section 301 on Oct. 1, 1994.
Date:
November 10, 1994
Creator:
Bass, Gwenell L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Japan-U.S. Relations: Issues for Congress
None
Date:
April 16, 2004
Creator:
Cronin, Richard P.; Cooper, William H.; Manyin, Mark E. & Niksch, Larry A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Japan-U.S. Relations: Issues for Congress
None
Date:
May 9, 2005
Creator:
Cronin, Richard P.; Cooper, William H.; Manyin, Mark E. & Niksch, Larry A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Japan-U.S. Relations: Issues for Congress
None
Date:
August 2, 2005
Creator:
Manyin, Mark E.; Cooper, William H.; Cronin, Richard P. & Niksch, Larry A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Rise of China and Its Effect on Taiwan, Japan, and South Korea: U.S. Policy Choices
None
Date:
January 13, 2006
Creator:
Nanto, Dick K. & Chanlett-Avery, Emma
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library