This study examines orthographic variation in synchronous computer-mediated French discourse. All nontraditional variations of selected frequently occuring items are quantified in order to provide an etic (i.e., from an external perspective) analysis. The primary variable of interest is age since this study focuses on providing a comparison of chat participants in their twenties versus those in their fifties. The widespread claim is that younger people communicate using more informal and/or nontraditional forms than older people; however, the results of the present study suggest that this is not always the case. The main finding of the present study is that the twentysomethings and the fiftysomethings produce the nontraditional orthography in a similar fashion in 52.2% of the terms, and in a non-similar fashion in 47.8% of the terms. Following the presentation and discussion of the results, directions for future research are provided.

This thesis contains four chapters. The first chapter gives an overview of the current situation concerning same-sex parent families in France. This involves discussions of the PACS (Pacte civil de solidarité), adoption, and marriage, as well as the societal influences that caused the massive negative response to the Taubira law. The second chapter goes into more detail concerning portrayals of homosexuality in French media throughout the years. There is a focus, however, on one of the earliest portrayals of lesbianism in French literature: The Nun by Diderot. Lastly, the third chapter involves further explanation of the history of homosexuality and same-sex parent families. This chapter explores these ideas specifically in the context of French history, as well as how conditions for same-sex parent families have changed in recent years. The fourth and final chapter presents conclusions of the research.

This book chapter discusses Berlin, Germany and images of the city in short fiction.

This book chapter discusses Berlin, Germany and the architectural, social, and artistic change.

Encyclopedia article discussing East Germany.

This article reviews the book "Louder Than Words: Ways of Seeing Women Workers in Eighteenth-Century France," by Geraldine Sheridan and published in 2009.

Article on Marie Jeanne Riccoboni's original "Abeille" and gender in early modern journalism.

This article reviews the book "Between the Queen and the Cabby: Olympe de Gouges's Rights of Woman," by John R. Cole published in 2011.

Article on a Pickering & Chatto publication titled, "Translations and Continuations" as part of its series "Chawton House Library: Women's Novels. The series presents not only translations from the French but also continuations to one of the French texts.

Book chapter discussing electronic news bulletins and the German language.

Article on sexual contract and mariage blanc. Abstract: Reading Marie Jeanne Riccoboni's biography as exemplifying eighteenth-century marriage based on women's limited legal recourse within the marriage contract, I argue that the author offers women an empowering alternative to the sexual contract in her fiction, a mariage blanc based on friendship.

Encyclopedia article discussing the German Democratic Republic (GDR) and the ministry for state security (Stasi) from 1950 to 1989.

This thesis seeks to examine the respective histories of London and Paris, two of the most influential and iconic cities in the world, in order to better understand how each respectively developed and their impact upon modern urban planning. Comparisons are made between, not only the history, but also the noble classes and gentry, religions, and cultural values which influenced the development of each capital city. Additionally, this thesis also seeks to explore how the development of Paris can still greatly assist modern developers in the twenty-first century.

This poster describes a pilot study on teaching French verbal aspect through concept-based instruction. This poster outlines and describes the background and context of a verbal aspect, the tasks and assessments for the study, student learning outcomes, the theoretical framework, and the results of the study.

Presentation for the 2012 University Scholars Day at the University of North Texas. This presentation discusses research on the urban experience of German women in the late Weimar Republic as portrayed in the novels 'Menschen in Hotel' by Vicki Baum (1929) and 'Das kunstseidene Mädchen by Irmgard Keun (1931).

This paper discusses research on the urban experience of German women in the late Weimar Republic as portrayed in the character Flämmchen in Vicki Baum's 1929 novel 'Menschen im Hotel'.

This thesis aims to demonstrate the crucial role of cultural aspects such as attitudes, values, social common places, and expectations in the international advertising industry. Through the analysis of written advertisements used in the United States and France, general trends regarding various commercial sectors and products (automobiles, electronics, cosmetics, and so forth) are highlighted and explored. From a linguistic perspective, the purpose of this thesis is not only to observe the semantic differences between translations of the same slogans and messages, but also to draw attention to the tools used in doing so.

Encyclopedia article discussing Verena Stefan's book, "Häutungen. Autobiographische Aufzeichnungen. Gedichte. Träume. Analysen (1975)."

Encyclopedia article discussing the German Democratic Republic (GDR) and publishers.

Encyclopedia article on literary themes in texts that focus on the sexual change (from man to woman or from woman to man) of a main character.

Encyclopedia article discussing writer Peter Huchel.

Encyclopedia article discussing writer Volker Braun.

Encyclopedia article discussing writer Elisabeth Reichart.

Encyclopedia article discussing writer Reiner Kunze.