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Abortion: Legislative Response
The primary focus of this issue brief is legislative action in the 108th Congress with respect to abortion. However, discussion of those legislative proposals necessarily involves a brief discussion of the leading U.S. Supreme Court decisions concerning a woman’s right to choose whether to terminate her pregnancy. For a more detailed discussion of the relevant case law, see CRS Report 95-724, Abortion Law Development: A Brief Overview.
Date:
July 29, 2003
Creator:
Lewis, Karen J.; Shimabukuro, Jon O. & Ely, Dana
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Animal Agriculture: Issues in the 107th Congress
A variety of animal agriculture issues, including prices, the impact of consolidation in the meat production/packing industry, trade, and the environmental impacts of large feedlots, continue to generate interest in Congress. This issue brief discusses these issues, as well as the 2002 farm bill, which contains several provisions affecting animal agriculture, including protections for contract growers, disaster assistance, country-of-origin labeling, and increased funding for conservation purposes.
Date:
January 29, 2003
Creator:
Heykoop, Jerry
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Sugar Policy Issues
None
Date:
May 29, 2003
Creator:
Jurenas, Remy
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Sugar Policy Issues
None
Date:
August 29, 2003
Creator:
Jurenas, Remy
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Endangered Species: Difficult Choices
This report discusses issues debated in the 107th Congress while is considering various proposals to amend the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA). Major issues in recent years have included changing the role of science in decision-making, changing the role of critical habitat, reducing conflicts with Department of Defense activities, incorporating further protection for property owners, and increasing protection of listed species, among others. In addition, many have advocated including significant changes to ESA regulations made during the Clinton Administration in the law itself.
Date:
May 29, 2003
Creator:
Buck, Eugene H.; Corn, M. Lynne & Baldwin, Pamela
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Endangered Species: Difficult Choices
This report discusses issues debated in the 107th Congress while is considering various proposals to amend the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA). Major issues in recent years have included changing the role of science in decision-making, changing the role of critical habitat, reducing conflicts with Department of Defense activities, incorporating further protection for property owners, and increasing protection of listed species, among others. In addition, many have advocated including significant changes to ESA regulations made during the Clinton Administration in the law itself.
Date:
September 29, 2003
Creator:
Buck, Eugene H.; Corn, M. Lynne & Baldwin, Pamela
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Airport Improvement Program
This issue brief discusses the Airport Improvement Program and its complement, the Passenger Facility Charge (PFC). After a brief history of federal support for airport construction and improvement, the report describes AIP funding, its source of revenues, funding distribution, the types of projects the program funds, AIP and PFC policy issues, and the allowable use of AIP funds for airport security purposes.
Date:
August 29, 2003
Creator:
Kirk, Robert S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Environmental Protection Agency's FY2003 Budget
In the 107th Congress, S. 2797 (S.Rept. 107-222) would have provided $8.30 billion for EPA in FY2003. H.R. 5605 (H.Rept. 107- 740) would have provide $8.20 billion. Both bills would restore much of the water infrastructure funding but there was no final action by the end of Congress. Continuing resolutions funded at the same level as in FY2002. In the 108th Congress, P.L. 108-7 (H.J.Res. 2) provides EPA with $8.08 billion for FY2003.
Date:
April 29, 2003
Creator:
Lee, Martin R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
First Responder Initiative: Policy Issues and Options
This report provides background information and policy analysis pertinent to proposals to restructure first responder assistance programs. Specifically, this report provides information on existing programs, appropriations, legislation in the 108th Congress, and selected policy issues. This report does not discuss all relevant policy issues, but, rather, those issues that may be germane to any significant restructuring of existing programs.
Date:
September 29, 2003
Creator:
Canada, Ben
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Merger and Antitrust Issues in Agriculture: Statutes and Agencies
None
Date:
January 29, 2003
Creator:
Heykoop, Jerry
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Critical Infrastructure Information Disclosure and Homeland Security
This report discusses the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) that was passed to ensure by statute citizen access to government information. Nine categories of information may be exempted from disclosure. Three of the nine exemptions provide possible protection against the release of critical infrastructure information: exemption 1 (national security information); exemption 3 (information exempted by statute); and exemption 4 (confidential business information). Congress has considered several proposals to exempt critical infrastructure information from the FOIA.
Date:
January 29, 2003
Creator:
Moteff, John D. & Stevens, Gina Marie
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Salaries of Members of Congress: A List of Payable Rates and Effective Dates, 1789-2003
This report contains information on the pay procedure and recent adjustments. It also contains historical information on the rate of pay for Members of Congress since 1789.
Date:
October 29, 2003
Creator:
Dwyer, Paul E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Congressional Appropriations Process: An Introduction
This report describes the annual appropriations cycle from the President’s submission of his annual budget through enactment of the appropriations measures. It describes the three types of appropriations measures—regular appropriations bills, continuing resolutions, and supplemental bills. It explains the spending ceilings for appropriations bills that are associated with the budget resolution and the sequestration process, including a description of the mechanisms used to enforce the ceilings. It also explains the authorization appropriations process, which prohibits certain provisions in some of the appropriations bills.
Date:
July 29, 2003
Creator:
Streeter, Sandy
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Markup in Senate Committee: Considering Amendments
None
Date:
April 29, 2003
Creator:
Carr, Thomas P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Casework in a Congressional Office
This report and its appendices present a general overview of congressional office procedures associated with handling casework and the assistance provided by a Member of Congress to help constituents in their dealings with federal agencies. It discusses options for assisting Members’ constituents and the role of Members and staff in providing casework services.
Date:
August 29, 2003
Creator:
Pontius, John S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Obscenity and Indecency: Constitutional Principles and Federal Statutes
None
Date:
September 29, 2003
Creator:
Cohen, Henry
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Terrorism and National Security: Issues and Trends
None
Date:
July 29, 2003
Creator:
Perl, Raphael F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Drug Control: International Policy and Approaches
Over the past decade, worldwide production of illicit drugs has risen dramatically: opium and marijuana production has roughly doubled and coca production tripled. Street prices of cocaine and heroin have fallen significantly in the past 20 years, reflecting increased availability. Despite apparent national political resolve to deal with the drug problem, inherent contradictions regularly appear between U.S. anti-drug policy and other national policy goals and concerns. The mix of competing domestic and international pressures and priorities has produced an ongoing series of disputes within and between the legislative and executive branches concerning U.S. international drug policy. One contentious issue has been the Congressionally-mandated certification process, an instrument designed to induce specified drug-exporting countries to prioritize or pay more attention to the fight against narcotics businesses.
Date:
July 29, 2003
Creator:
Perl, Raphael F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
POWs and MIAs: Status and Accounting Issues
None
Date:
January 29, 2003
Creator:
Goldich, Robert L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
China's Economic Conditions
China’s economy remained relatively healthy in 2002, despite economic slowdowns in other parts of the world. Foreign investment continued to pour into China, and the Chinese government effectively used public spending to boost the economy. However, painful economic reforms will be necessary to keep the economic strong in 2003 and beyond. The recent outbreak in early 2003 of a very contagious virus called SevereAcuteRespiratory Syndrome (SARS) in China appears to have had a short-term negative impact on the Chinese economy.
Date:
January 29, 2003
Creator:
Morrison, Wayne M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Campaign Finance: Constitutional and Legal Issues of Soft Money
Prior to enactment of the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 (BCRA), P.L. 107-155, the term “soft money” generally referred to unregulated funds, perceived as resulting from loopholes in the Federal Election Campaign Act (FECA), 2 U.S.C. §§ 431 et seq. Generally, the intent of BCRA, (effective Nov. 6, 2002), which amends FECA, is to restrict the raising and spending of soft money. This Issue Brief discusses constitutional and legal issues surrounding two major types of soft money that BCRA regulates: political party soft money and soft money used for issue advocacy communications. Corporate and labor union soft money, which FECA exempts from regulation and is not addressed by BCRA, is also discussed.
Date:
August 29, 2003
Creator:
Whitaker, L. Paige
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Energy Policy: The Continuing Debate
On April 10, 2003, the House passed comprehensive energy legislation, H.R. 6 (247- 175). The bill was a composite of four measures – H.R. 39, reported from the House Committee on Resources, H.R. 238, marked up by the House Science Committee, H.R. 1531, reported from Ways and Means, and an unnumbered bill reported out of the Energy and Commerce Committee. Unlike comprehensive energy legislation (H.R. 4) debated in the 107th Congress, H.R. 6 includes a section on electricity which has stirred some controversy. H.R. 6 would provide authorization for exploration and development of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR).
Date:
August 29, 2003
Creator:
Bamberger, Robert L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Iraq Oil: Reserves, Production, and Potential Revenues
None
Date:
September 29, 2003
Creator:
Kumins, Lawrence C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Environmental Protection Issues in the 108th Congress
The 108th Congress has acted on a variety of disparate environmental measures; some of these represent proposals or issues that had been under consideration in the 107th Congress and earlier. Environmental issues considered by Congress tend to fall into several major categories: (1) funding issues — whether funding levels are adequate and focused on appropriate priorities; (2) expanding, renewing, or refocusing specific environment programs; (3) environmental issues that are important “subsets” of other major areas of concern, such as energy, defense, or transportation programs; and more recently, (4) terrorism and infrastructure protection in areas such as wastewater and chemical facilities.
Date:
August 29, 2003
Creator:
Fletcher, Susan R. & Isler, Margaret M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library