The reduction of sulfur oxides from high sulfur coal burning utility companies has resulted in the production of huge quantities of wet flue-gas desulfurization scrubber sludge. A typical 400 MW power station burning a coal containing 3.5% sulfur by weight and using a limestone absorbent would produce approximately 177,000 tons (dry weight) of scrubber sludge per year. This brownish colored, finely divided material contains calcium sulfite (CaSO{sub 3} {center_dot} 1/2 H{sub 2}O), calcium sulfate (CaSO{sub 4} {center_dot} 2H{sub 2}O), unreacted limestone (CaCO{sub 3}), and various other impurities such as fly-ash and iron oxide particles. The physical separation of the components of scrubber sludge would result in the re-use of this material. The primary use would be conversion to a highly pure synthetic gypsum. This technical report concentrates on the effect of baffle configuration on the separation of calcium sulfite/sulfate from limestone. The position of the baffles as they related to the feed inlet, and the quantity of the baffles were examined. A clean calcium sulfite/sulfate (less than 2.0% limestone by weight) was achieved with the combination of water-only cyclone and horizontally baffled column.

Semi-weekly newspaper from Bastrop, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.

Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.

Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.

Newspaper from Chickasha, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.

Oxide inclusions form in welds because of deoxidation reactions in the weld pool. These inclusions control the weld microstructure development. Thermodynamic and kinetic calculation of oxidation reaction can describe inclusion characteristics such as number density, size, and composition. Experimental work has shown that fluid-flow velocity gradients in the weld pool can accelerate inclusion growth by collision and coalescence. Moreover, fluid flow in welds can transport inclusions to different temperature regions that may lead to repeated dissolution and growth of inclusions. These phenomena are being studied with the help of computational coupled heat transfer, fluid-flow, thermodynamic, and kinetic models. The results show that the inclusion formation in steel welds can be described as a function of the welding processes, process parameters, and steel composition.

Silica aggregates produced in a tubular aerosol reactor were classified according to the electrical mobility equivalent radius by differential mobility analyzer. Then E the classified aerosol was further analyzed by in situ light scattering measurement and TEM micrograph analysis to evaluate the properties of agglomerates, such as the radius of gyration, fractal dimension, primary particle diameter and number of primary particles. Based on the properties measured by the experiments, the actual surface area of the silica sorbent particles can be calculated.

The reactions of dialkyl mono- and disulfides and functionalized alkylthio compounds with sodium in refluxing hydrocarbon solvent (tetradecane, mesitylene or toluene) resulted in sulfur-free products in very high yields. Greater than 95% sulfur removal was observed when dialkyl mono or polysulfides were treated with Na in liquid ammonia. Polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles were only moderately desulfurized under these conditions while phenylthio derivatives gave thiophenol as the major product and dithiophenols as the minor products.

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An empirical kinetic rate law was determined for the aqueous oxidation of trichloroethene (TCE). By measuring both the rate of disappearance of TCE and the rate of appearance of carbon dioxide and chloride ion, mass balances were monitored to confirm that `mineralization` was the ultimate reaction. Dilute buffer solutions were used to fix pH and stoichiometrically sufficient amounts of dissolved oxygen were used to make the reactions zero-order in oxygen. Using standard chemical kinetic methods, two orders of magnitude were spanned in initial TCE concentration and used in the resulting double-log plot vs. initial rate (regressed using both linear and polynomial fits) to determine the rate constant and `true` reaction order (i.e., with respect to;concentration, not time). By determining rate constants over the temperature interval 343-373K, an Arrhenius activation energy was determined for the reaction. A study was made of the potential effect of buffer ligand concentration and type (phosphate, borate, acetate, carbonate, sulfate), ionic strength, specific electrolytes, and pH on the rate of TCE. The aqueous oxidation reaction rate was found to be pH dependent over the pH range pH 2 to pH 1O and strongly inhibited by high dissolved bromide concentration. The equilibrium aqueous solubilities of TCE was …

Final product states of Ne₂⁺ dissociative recombination were studied using time-of-flight spectroscopy to determine the kinetic energies released. The dissociative recombination occurred in a sustained discharge in the presence of a variable magnetic field and discharge voltage, at pressures of 5-15 mTorr. Under different conditions various excited states were observed ranging from the lowest 3<i>s</i> metastable states to higher Rydbcrg states within 0.000 54 eV of the dissociation limit. From their narrow widths, it is deduced that these higher states arose from Ne₂⁺ ions with subthermal energies. From two of these narrow distributions, we obtain an improved value for the dissociation limit D₀(Ne₂⁺)= 1.26±0.02 eV.

This report consists of summaries of the 6 Action Items from the first annual meeting. The 6 Action Items are: (1) to aggressively pursue ''Education'' in multiphase flow; (2) to pursue the work on dispersed flows presented in the last meeting to conclusions; (3) to focus the next meeting on flow regimes; (4) to pursue cooperative efforts toward identifying and settling key flow regime issues; (5) to pursue cooperative efforts towards the understanding and development of design tools, for multiphase stirred vessels (including sparged, slurry liquids); and (6) to continue to refine the TAC efforts towards useful conclusions.

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The work proposed under this agreement was designed to validate and improve remote sensing of cloud and radiation properties in the atmosphere for climate studies with special emphasis on the use of satellites for monitoring these parameters to further the goals of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program.

Ensemble performance at the UNT College of Music Concert Hall.

Semiweekly newspaper from Gilmer, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.

Annual report providing tabular statistical information about motor vehicle accidents that involved motorcycles in Texas during calendar year 1997, with data broken out by various criteria including number of persons, locations, types of accidents, time of day, and other factors.

Annual report providing tabular statistical information about motor vehicle accidents that directly or indirectly involved school buses in Texas during calendar year 1997, with data broken out by various criteria including number of persons, locations, types of accidents, time of day, and other factors.

Semiweekly newspaper from Pawhuska, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.