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Accuracy of Reservoir Predictions for the Nesjavellir Geothermal Field, Iceland (open access)

Accuracy of Reservoir Predictions for the Nesjavellir Geothermal Field, Iceland

The performance of the 1986 three-dimensional numerical model of the Nesjavellir geothermal field for predicting the deliverabilities and pressure decline of the wells during the period 1987 through 1991 is investigated. The model predicted adequately the flow rate and enthalpy transients of most wells, but overpredicted the pressure decline by 3 to 4 bars.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: Bodvarsson, G. S.; Gislason, G.; Gunnlaugsson, E.; Sigurdsson, O.; Stefansson, V. & Steingrimsson,B.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 117, No. 34, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993 (open access)

The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 117, No. 34, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993

Weekly newspaper from Albany, Texas that includes local, county, and state news along with extensive advertising.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: Lucas, Donnie A.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 92, No. 275, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993 (open access)

Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 92, No. 275, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: Lomenick, Rick
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Application of mineralogical methods to assess the thermal stabilities of geothermal reservoirs (open access)

Application of mineralogical methods to assess the thermal stabilities of geothermal reservoirs

Estimates of temperatures, past and present, in geothermal reservoirs can be made by using now standard mineralogical techniques, including fluid inclusion geothermometry, vitrinite reflectance, calc-silicate and clay occurrence, the extent of clay interlayering, and measuring clay crystallinity. Recent studies of clays in 60 drillcores from 6 wells at Wairakei, for example, show an inverse relationship between reservoir temperatures and crystallinities from 90&deg; to 225&deg;C (195 to 435°F) (K&uuml;bler Indices: 1.40 to 0.44 <FONT FACE="Symbol">D</FONT>&deg;2<FONT FACE="Symbol">q</FONT>). Fluid inclusion geothermometry results require careful interpretation but the method need not be calibrated with respect to the reservoir, as do other geothermometric methods.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: Browne, Patrick R.L.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
An approach for geochemical assessment of Chipilapa geothermal field (open access)

An approach for geochemical assessment of Chipilapa geothermal field

It presents a systematic methodology to evaluate the reservoir characteristics of Chipilapa- Ahuachapan geothermal field through the highly diluted natural manifestations (springs and domestic wells) in its surroundings. The manifestations are classified in three main groups according to their mechanism of formation: high salinity water (HSW), medium salinity water (MSW), and Sulfated Water (SW). The reservoir temperature at Chipilapa geothermal field is around 220°C which is estimated with application of various chemical geothermometers. The isotopic studies indicate that the heating of local meteoric water with the separated steam of deep reservoir fluids is a dominating process in the formation of springs and domestic wells fluids. The process of formation of primary and secondary vapor explains the isotopic composition of fumaroles.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: Nieva, D.; Verma, M.P.; Portugal, E. & Torres, V.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Archer County News (Archer City, Tex.), No. 4, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993 (open access)

Archer County News (Archer City, Tex.), No. 4, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993

Weekly newspaper from Archer City, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: Lobpries, F. Mike
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 71, No. 77, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993 (open access)

The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 71, No. 77, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993

Daily newspaper from Baytown, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: Dobbs, Gary
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Big Lake Wildcat (Big Lake, Tex.), Vol. SIXTY EIGHTH YEAR, No. 4, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993 (open access)

The Big Lake Wildcat (Big Lake, Tex.), Vol. SIXTY EIGHTH YEAR, No. 4, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993

Weekly newspaper from Big Lake, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: Werst, David
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Bogata News (Bogata, Tex.), Vol. 82, No. 41, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993 (open access)

Bogata News (Bogata, Tex.), Vol. 82, No. 41, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993

Weekly newspaper from Bogata, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: Nichols, Nanalee & Nichols, Thomas
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Brand (Abilene, Tex.), Vol. 80, No. 13, Ed. 1, Thursday, January 28, 1993 (open access)

The Brand (Abilene, Tex.), Vol. 80, No. 13, Ed. 1, Thursday, January 28, 1993

Weekly student newspaper from Hardin-Simmons University in Abilene, Texas that includes local, state and campus news along with advertising.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Bulalo field, Philippines: Reservoir modeling for prediction of limits to sustainable generation (open access)

Bulalo field, Philippines: Reservoir modeling for prediction of limits to sustainable generation

The Bulalo geothermal field, located in Laguna province, Philippines, supplies 12% of the electricity on the island of Luzon. The first 110 MWe power plant was on line May 1979; current 330 MWe (gross) installed capacity was reached in 1984. Since then, the field has operated at an average plant factor of 76%. The National Power Corporation plans to add 40 MWe base load and 40 MWe standby in 1995. A numerical simulation model for the Bulalo field has been created that matches historic pressure changes, enthalpy and steam flash trends and cumulative steam production. Gravity modeling provided independent verification of mass balances and time rate of change of liquid desaturation in the rock matrix. Gravity modeling, in conjunction with reservoir simulation provides a means of predicting matrix dry out and the time to limiting conditions for sustainable levelized steam deliverability and power generation.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: Strobel, Calvin J.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Burleson Star (Burleson, Tex.), Vol. 28, No. 31, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993 (open access)

Burleson Star (Burleson, Tex.), Vol. 28, No. 31, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993

Semi-weekly newspaper from Burleson, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: Ellertson, Sally
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Canadian Record (Canadian, Tex.), Vol. 103, No. 4, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993 (open access)

The Canadian Record (Canadian, Tex.), Vol. 103, No. 4, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993

Weekly newspaper from Canadian, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: Ezzell, Nancy & Brown, Laurie Ezzell
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Cherokeean/Herald (Rusk, Tex.), Vol. 144, No. 52, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993 (open access)

Cherokeean/Herald (Rusk, Tex.), Vol. 144, No. 52, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993

Weekly newspaper from Rusk, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Chickasha Daily Express (Chickasha, Okla.), Vol. 101, No. 271, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993 (open access)

Chickasha Daily Express (Chickasha, Okla.), Vol. 101, No. 271, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993

Daily newspaper from Chickasha, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: Plummer, George
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Chickasha Star (Chickasha, Okla.), Vol. 91, No. 45, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993 (open access)

The Chickasha Star (Chickasha, Okla.), Vol. 91, No. 45, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993

Weekly newspaper from Chickasha, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Comanche Chief (Comanche, Tex.), Vol. 120, No. 37, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993 (open access)

The Comanche Chief (Comanche, Tex.), Vol. 120, No. 37, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993

Weekly newspaper from Comanche, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: Wilkerson, James C., III
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Cooper Review (Cooper, Tex.), Vol. 113, No. 4, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993 (open access)

Cooper Review (Cooper, Tex.), Vol. 113, No. 4, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 28, 1993

Weekly newspaper from Cooper, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Core image analysis of matrix porosity in The Geysers reservoir (open access)

Core image analysis of matrix porosity in The Geysers reservoir

Adsorption is potentially an important consideration when calculating reserves at The Geysers. Our investigations of the mineralogical relationships in core samples have shown matrix pore spaces to be largely associated with fractures. Dissolution of calcite from hydrothermal veins increases porosity in the graywacke reservoir. The high relative surface area of secondary alteration phases could promote adsorption. In order to quantify porosity distribution and surface area, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images were analyzed using software developed for the interpretation of satellite imagery, This software classifies the images as either crystal or pore and then accumulates data on pore size, total porosity and surface area of the mineral-pore interface. Review of literature shows that data on thickness of adsorbed water layer does not exist for many of the mineral phases of interest in The Geysers. We have assumed thicknesses of 10, 100, and 5300 Angstroms for the adsorbed layer and calculated the relative proportions of adsorbed water. These calculations show 0.005%, 0.05%, and 2.5% of total water would be adsorbed using the above thicknesses.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: Nielson, Dennis L.; Nash, Greg; Hulen, Jeffrey B. & Tripp, Alan C.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Correlating quartz dissolution kinetics in pure water from 25{degrees} to 625{degrees}C (open access)

Correlating quartz dissolution kinetics in pure water from 25{degrees} to 625{degrees}C

A general empirical correlation for estimating the intrinsic dissolution rate of quartz in pure water from 25” to 625°C was presented. Data obtained from five different apparatus in this study correlated favorably to rate measurements reported by seven other research groups using both nominal and BET-determined surface area bases. More than eleven orders of magnitude of variation of dissolution rate occur over a 600°C temperature change exhibiting Arrhenius-like behavior with a global activation energy of about 97 kJ/mol SiO<sub>2</sub>. Discrepancies in low temperature (25°C) measurements were resolved by waiting sufficiently long to permit annealing processes to produce a “steady-state” dissolving surface.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: Tester, Jefferson W.; Worley, W. Gabriel; Robiinson, Bruce A.; Grigsby, Charles O. & Feerer, Jeffrey L.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Correlation Between Gas Compositions and Physical Phenomena Affecting the Reservoir Fluid in Palinpinon Geothermal Field (Philippines) (open access)

Correlation Between Gas Compositions and Physical Phenomena Affecting the Reservoir Fluid in Palinpinon Geothermal Field (Philippines)

Using thermodynamic gas equilibria to calculate temperature and steam fraction in the reservoir, three main physical phenomena due to exploitation of Palinpinon field are identified. 1) Pressure drawdown producing a local increase in the computed steam fraction, with the fluid maintaining high temperature values (close to 300°C). Strong decline in flow rate is observed. 2) Irreversible steam losses from the original high temperature liquid phase during its ascent through fractures in upper zones of the reservoir. Steam is generally lost at temperatures (e.g. 240°C) lower then those of the original aquifer. 3) Dilution and cooling effects due to reinjection fluid returns. These are function of the local geostructural conditions linking through fractures the injectors and production wells. The computed fraction of the recovered reinjected brine can in some case exceed 80% of the total produced fluid. At the same time the computed gas equilibration temperatures can decline from 280-300°C to as low as 215-220°C. Comparing these values with the well bottom measured temperatures, the proposed methodology based on gas chemistry gives more reliable temperature estimate than water chemistry based geothermometers for fluids with high fractions of injected brine.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: D'Amore, F.; Nuti, S.; Ruaya, J. R.; Ramos-Candelaria, M.N. & Seastres, J. S.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Detailed three-dimensional modeling of the Botn hydrothermal system in N-Iceland (open access)

Detailed three-dimensional modeling of the Botn hydrothermal system in N-Iceland

A detailed three-dimensional numerical model has been developed for the low-temperature hydrothermal system at Botn in Central North Iceland. It is based on a conceptual reservoir model which has evolved during two decades of geothermal research in the area and on the 10 year production history of the system. The model consists of (1) A powerful recharge system at depth, (2) a shallow production reservoir and (3) a cold ground-water system at the surface. About 10 million tons of hot water have been extracted from the production reservoir since late 1981. The presence of the powerful recharge system results in a very slow long-term pressure decline. Flow of water in the production reservoir appears to be controlled by a highly permeable, vertical fracture-zone confined by low-permeability rocks. Cold ground-water flows down into the fracture-zone during production causing some cooling of the extracted water.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: Axelsson, Gudni & Bjornsson, Grimur
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Development of a dual-porosity model for vapor-dominated fractured geothermal reservoirs using a semi-analytical fracture/matrix interaction term (open access)

Development of a dual-porosity model for vapor-dominated fractured geothermal reservoirs using a semi-analytical fracture/matrix interaction term

A new type of dual-porosity model is being developed to simulate two-phase flow processes in fractured geothermal reservoirs. At this time it is assumed that the liquid phase in the matrix blocks remains immobile. By utilizing the effective compressibility of a two-phase water/steam mixture in a porous rock, flow within the matrix blocks can be modeled by a single diffusion equation. This equation in turn is replaced by a nonlinear ordinary differential equation that utilizes the mean pressure and mean saturation in the matrix blocks to calculate the rate of fluid flow between the matrix blocks and fractures. This equation has been incorporated into the numerical simulator TOUGH to serve as a source/sink term for computational gridblocks that represent the fracture system. The new method has been compared with solutions obtained using fully-discretized matrix blocks, on a problem involving a three-dimensional vapor-dominated reservoir containing an injection and a production well, and has been found to be quite accurate.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: Zimmerman, Robert W.; Hadgu, Teklu & Bodvarsson, Gudmundur S.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Development of biological coal gasification (MicGAS process); 14th Quarterly report (open access)

Development of biological coal gasification (MicGAS process); 14th Quarterly report

Reported here is the progress on the Development of Biological Coal Gasification for DOE contract No. DE-AC21-90MC27226 MOD A006. Task 1, NEPA Compliance and Updated Test Plan has been completed. Progress toward Task 2, Enhanced Methane Production, is reported in the areas of bacterial strain improvement, addition of co-substrates, and low cost nutrient amendment. Conclusions reached as a result of this work are presented. Plans for future work are briefly outlined.
Date: January 28, 1993
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library