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Agricultural Trade Issues in the 106th Congress (open access)

Agricultural Trade Issues in the 106th Congress

Agricultural interests have been following trade policy developments against a backdrop of weak foreign demand and large world supplies of agricultural products. The U.S. Department of Agriculture reports that the value of U.S. agricultural exports fell between FY1996 (a record year) and FY1999 by almost $11 billion. USDA forecasts agricultural exports at $50.5 billion in FY2000 and $51.5 billion in FY2001. However, the projected agricultural trade surpluses for those years, of $11.5 billion and $12 billion, would be less than half the FY1996 surplus of $27.2 billion. Many agricultural groups and their supporters in Congress believe that the sector's future prosperity depends upon such U.S. trade policies as: 1) encouraging China's entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO), with its binding rules and responsibilities; 2) exempting agriculture from U.S. unilateral economic sanctions; 3) fully using export and food aid programs; and 4) aggressively battling foreign-imposed barriers to the movement of U.S. farm products. A few U.S. farm groups are wary of such approaches.
Date: November 27, 2000
Creator: Becker, Geoffrey S.; Hanrahan, Charles E. & Jurenas, Remy
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
China's Economic Conditions (open access)

China's Economic Conditions

Currently, China’s short-term economic outlook is unclear. Economic slowdowns in Asia and the United States in the beginning of 2001 have hurt China’s export industries, and the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks against the United States will likely further dampen foreign demand for Chinese products and could reduce the level of planned foreign investment in China. The Chinese government has used public spending in recent years to boost the economy, and it is likely that it will continue to maintain such policies until the global economy begins to recover.
Date: December 27, 2001
Creator: Morrison, Wayne M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
China-U.S. Trade Issues (open access)

China-U.S. Trade Issues

U.S.-China economic ties have expanded substantially over the past several years. China is now the third largest U.S. trading partner, its second largest source of imports, and its fourth largest export market. However, U.S.-China commercial ties have been strained by a number of issues, including a surging U.S. trade deficit with China, China's refusal to float its currency, and failure to fully comply with its World Trade Organization (WTO) commitments, especially its failure to provide protection for U.S. intellectual property rights (IPR). This report explores these issues in detail, especially concerning the lack of protection for U.S. IPR.
Date: December 27, 2001
Creator: Morrison, Wayne M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
China: Possible Missile Technology Transfers from U.S. Satellite Export Policy - Actions and Chronology (open access)

China: Possible Missile Technology Transfers from U.S. Satellite Export Policy - Actions and Chronology

This CRS Report discusses security concerns, significant congressional and administration action, and a comprehensive chronology pertaining to satellite exports to the PRC. The report discusses issues for U.S. foreign and security policy (including that on China and weapons nonproliferation), such as: What are the benefits and costs of satellite exports to China for U.S. economic and security interests? Should the United States continue, change, or cease the policy in place since the Reagan Administration that has allowed exports of satellites to China (for its launch and – increasingly – for its use)? Etc.
Date: March 27, 2003
Creator: Kan, Shirley A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Voting on NTR for China Again in 2001, and Past Congressional Decisions (open access)

Voting on NTR for China Again in 2001, and Past Congressional Decisions

Since 1990, Congress has faced an annual, contentious decision on whether, and under what conditions, to renew normal trade relations (NTR) status with China for another year. This annual exercise occurred because under U.S. law, China's NTR status is temporary, and the President has to recommend its renewal each year by June 3. In 2000, the 106th Congress considered and passed H.R. 4444, which would eliminate the annual NTR renewal process and grant permanent NTR to China. The President signed the bill into law on October 10, 2000, as P.L. 106-286. But this Act only grants permanent NTR to China once it joins the World Trade Organization. Although this was expected to occur by late 2000, it has not yet happened and is now unlikely to occur until the end of 2001. Consequently, the President again this year will be compelled to recommend another temporary extension of China's NTR status for one year if this status is to continue uninterrupted. The NTR renewal is subject to enactment of a joint resolution of disapproval by Congress.
Date: April 27, 2001
Creator: Dumbaugh, Kerry
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
European Union’s Arms Embargo on China: Implications and Options for U.S. Policy (open access)

European Union’s Arms Embargo on China: Implications and Options for U.S. Policy

Overall, there are two sets of questions for Congress in examining U.S. policy toward the fate of the EU’s arms embargo on China. What are the implications for U.S. interests in trans-Atlantic relations and China? If U.S. interests are adversely affected, what are some options for Congress to discourage the EU from lifting its arms embargo on China and, if it is lifted, to protect U.S. national security interests in both Asia and Europe? Issues raised by these questions are the subject of this CRS Report.
Date: May 27, 2005
Creator: Archick, Kristin; Grimmett, Richard F. & Kan, Shirley A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
China and the CNOOC Bid for Unocal: Issues for Congress (open access)

China and the CNOOC Bid for Unocal: Issues for Congress

The bid by the China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) to acquire the U.S. energy company Unocal for $18.5 billion raised many issues with U.S. policymakers. This report provides an overview and analysis of the CNOOC bid, U.S. interests, implications for U.S. energy security, U.S. investment in the PRC’s (People’s Republic of China’s) oil industry, the process for reviewing the security and other implications of foreign investment in the United States, Congressional activity, and a listing of unresolved issues.
Date: February 27, 2006
Creator: Nanto, Dick K.; Jackson, James K.; Morrison, Wayne M. & Kumins, Lawrence C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library

Newsmap. Monday, April 27, 1942 : week of April 17 to 24

Text describes action on various war fronts. Includes photographs: Lieut. Bulkeley -- Nip Nipper de luxe, Lieut. Comm. Edward H. O'Hare -- Brewster "Buffalo" -- The guns were going on -- The big Wellingtons did not rest -- Training of airborne Infantry. Large world map is keyed to text: Japs confused on raid -- Chinese rescue British -- Corregidor holds -- Timor fight still on -- blame set for fire -- President honors flyer -- Gen. Marshall returns -- strike idleness small -- manpower mobilization -- Brewster plant seized -- Argentine ship hit -- radio detectors used -- "Peace Offensive" due-- Lubeck laid low-- commandos raid again -- Reds close for action -- Malta takes high toll -- Laval favors Nazis. Inset maps: Honshu, Japan ; western Europe. Also includes 2 pictographs: Happy Birthday, Dear Adolf; Telefact: materials for victory.
Date: April 27, 1942
Creator: [United States]. Army Orientation Course.
Object Type: Poster
System: The UNT Digital Library

Newsmap. Monday, July 27, 1942 : week of July 17 to July 24

Front: Text describes action on various war fronts: Southwest Pacific, China, Aleutians, Atlantic, North Africa, Western Europe, Russia. Large world map is keyed to text and illustrates time zones around the world. Includes inset maps: China front, Russian front. Includes seven photographs. Back: Photographs show a variety of tanks utilized by the British Army.
Date: July 27, 1942
Creator: [United States.] Army Orientation Course.
Object Type: Poster
System: The UNT Digital Library

Newsmap. For the Armed Forces. 272nd week of the war, 154th week of U.S. participation

Front: Text describes action on various war fronts: Open general offensive, Armies in action, Italian fighting bitter, Budapest under siege, U.S. planes hit Manila, Japs increase pressure, Ledo-Burma Road. Maps: Leyte progress, Italian front, Allied offensive, Budapest to Miskolc. Back: Text and 12 photographs highlight the "Mulberry" secret floating harbor used with the European invasion.
Date: November 27, 1944
Creator: [United States.] Army Service Forces. Army Information Branch.
Object Type: Poster
System: The UNT Digital Library
U.S.-China Counterterrorism Cooperation: Issues for U.S. Policy (open access)

U.S.-China Counterterrorism Cooperation: Issues for U.S. Policy

None
Date: June 27, 2006
Creator: Kan, Shirley A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
U.S.-China Counterterrorism Cooperation: Issues for U.S. Policy (open access)

U.S.-China Counterterrorism Cooperation: Issues for U.S. Policy

After the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, the United States faced a challenge in enlisting the full support of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in counterterrorism. This effort raised short-term policy issues about how to elicit cooperation and how to address China’s concerns about military action (Operation Enduring Freedom). Longer-term questions have concerned whether counterterrorism has strategically transformed bilateral relations and whether China’s support has been valuable and not obtained at the expense of other U.S. interests.
Date: June 27, 2006
Creator: Kan, Shirley A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
U.S.-China Counterterrorism Cooperation: Issues for U.S. Policy (open access)

U.S.-China Counterterrorism Cooperation: Issues for U.S. Policy

After the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, the United States faced a challenge in enlisting the full support of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in counterterrorism. This effort raised short-term policy issues about how to elicit cooperation and how to address China's concerns about military action (Operation Enduring Freedom). Longer-term questions have concerned whether counterterrorism has strategically transformed bilateral relations and whether China's support has been valuable and not obtained at the expense of other U.S. interests.
Date: June 27, 2006
Creator: Kan, Shirley A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
China's Holdings of U.S. Securities: Implications for the U.S. Economy (open access)

China's Holdings of U.S. Securities: Implications for the U.S. Economy

This report examines the importance to the U.S. economy of China's investment in U.S. securities, as well as U.S. concerns over the possibility that China might unload a large share of those holdings, including the likelihood that this would occur, and the potential implications such action could have for the U.S. economy. The report concludes that a large sell-off of Chinese Treasury securities holdings could negatively affect the U.S. economy, at least in the short-run. As a result, such a move could diminish U.S. demand for Chinese products and thus could lower China's economic growth as well.
Date: February 27, 2008
Creator: Morrison, Wayne M. & Labonte, Marc
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
China's Economic Conditions (open access)

China's Economic Conditions

This report provides background on China's economic rise and current economic structure and the challenges China faces to keep its economy growing strong, and describes Chinese economic policies that are of concern to U.S. policymakers.
Date: June 27, 2008
Creator: Morrison, Wayne M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
China and Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction and Missiles: Policy Issues (open access)

China and Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction and Missiles: Policy Issues

Using a variety of unclassified consultations and sources, this report discusses the national security problem of the People's Republic of China's (PRC) role in weapons proliferation and issues related to the U.S. policy response, including legislation, since the mid-1990s.
Date: July 27, 2009
Creator: Kan, Shirley A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Maritime Territorial and Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) Disputes Involving China: Issues for Congress (open access)

Maritime Territorial and Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) Disputes Involving China: Issues for Congress

This report provides background information and issues for Congress on maritime territorial and exclusive economic zone (EEZ) disputes in the East China (ECS) and South China Sea (SCS) involving China, with a focus on how these disputes may affect U.S. strategic and policy interests.
Date: April 27, 2016
Creator: O'Rourke, Ronald
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Oral History Interview with Elsie McCagg, April 27, 2003 transcript

Oral History Interview with Elsie McCagg, April 27, 2003

Interview with Elsie McCagg, a mechanic for the US Army Air Corps during WWII. He explains why he joined the army and answers questions about his experience abroad.
Date: April 27, 2003
Creator: Hinojosa, Filiberto & McCagg, Elsie
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
[News Script: Red China] (open access)

[News Script: Red China]

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story.
Date: April 27, 1969, 10:00 p.m.
Creator: WBAP-TV (Television station : Fort Worth, Tex.)
Object Type: Script
System: The UNT Digital Library
[Letter from I. H. to Cecile Kempner, November 27, 1949] (open access)

[Letter from I. H. to Cecile Kempner, November 27, 1949]

Letter to Cecile from her father about speculation about future wars, international relations between Yugoslavia, China, and Russia, and foreign economics.
Date: November 27, 1949
Creator: Kempner, Isaac H. (Isaac Herbert), 1873-1967
Object Type: Letter
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Letter from I. H. to Cecile Kempner, February  27, 1949] (open access)

[Letter from I. H. to Cecile Kempner, February 27, 1949]

Letter to Cecile from her father about family matters, President Truman, China's government, the stock market, and economics.
Date: February 27, 1949
Creator: Kempner, Isaac H. (Isaac Herbert), 1873-1967
Object Type: Letter
System: The Portal to Texas History
Efforts to Preserve Economic Benefits of the Iran Nuclear Deal (open access)

Efforts to Preserve Economic Benefits of the Iran Nuclear Deal

This report discusses the response of the non-U.S. parties to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) to the Trump Administration's decision to cease implementing U.S. commitments under the agreement. The other parties, which include the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Russia, China, the European Union (EU) and Iran, opposed the U.S. move and have undertaken intensive negotiations to try to preserve the accord.
Date: June 27, 2018
Creator: Cimino-Isaacs, Cathleen D.; Katzman, Kenneth & Mix, Derek E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Soil Diversity as Affected by Land Use in China: Consequences for Soil Protection (open access)

Soil Diversity as Affected by Land Use in China: Consequences for Soil Protection

This article reports the first effort to assess the impact of land-use change on soil diversity for the entire nation of China.
Date: April 21, 2014
Creator: Shangguan, Wei; Gong, Peng; Liang, Lu (Geospatial scientist); Dai, Yongjiu & Zhang, Keli
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
[News Script: China] (open access)

[News Script: China]

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story.
Date: December 27, 1971, 6:30 a.m.
Creator: WBAP-TV (Television station : Fort Worth, Tex.)
Object Type: Script
System: The UNT Digital Library