Technical report discussing a new high-speed electron multiplier using a planar dynode configuration. This multiplier has a total transit time significantly shorter than available in conventional structures of equivalent gain. It also features rise-times generally less than three nanoseconds while providing the large sensitive area of an unfocused configuration. Two basic types of planar dynodes are employed: transmission secondary emission thin films as the early multiplier stages and silver-magnesium modified mesh multipliers as the high current output stages.The relevant gain and pulse-response data for these two types of dynodes are presented. The structure is quite flexible and permits the number and types of dynodes to be easily tailored to a specific application. In particular it will be shown how the number of mesh-type dynodes may be altered to effect a trade-off between current handling capabilities and rise-time characteristics. Several possible combinations of these planar dynods have been incorporated in photomultipliers whose gain, dark current, pulse response, and operating life are discussed.

Summary: Technical report describing the testing of eight Potter Meters, for metering inlet flow and measuring exit steam qualities in the Consumers Big Rock Point Instrumented Fuel Assemblies, were individually calibrated for flow and pressure drop up to 500 gpm in the low temperature (130 F) fluid flow facility. The flow calibration comparison made with an ASME orifice installation, agreed to within + - 1 percent among seven of the meters, and meter Serial No. 8 was 2.8 percent lower than the others. Pressure drop among the meters was within about 5 percent. Locked rotor pressure drop data was obtained on one meter. A fully instrumented fuel bundle was tested in the low temperature facility and pressure drop data obtained for the tieplates and meters, spacers, and channel rods. A mock-up of the exit end of the instrumented fuel bundles, composed of 1 foot of fuel rods, tieplate, and Potter Meter was tested in the High Pressure Heat Transfer Facility. Data was obtained for single- and two-phase calibration of total flow and exit steam quality in an instrumented bundle. Each meter was operated, for a minimum of 6-8 hours after bearing modifications necessitated by seizure of the rotors, in the …

Abstract: The exhibit shows that colloidal aggregates (10 to 20 mu) of human serum albumin I131 may be used safely by intravenous injection to perform photoscans of the heart, liver, spleen, stomach, and salivary glands in man. Large particle size suspensions (10 to 50 mu) of the same material are being investigated experimentally in animals for scanning the lungs after intravenous injection and the brain following injection into an internal carotid artery. The advantages of this test material are the relatively low radiation exposure to the target organs and the number of organs that may be examined. Radiation exposure is low because of the rapid turnover in the target organs and removal from the body, mainly by urinary excretion, within 72 hours. The mechanism of liver-spleen localization with this organic colloid is the same as for inorganic colloidal radiogold198, namely, rapid removal from the blood by the phagocytic cells of the liver and spleen. However, in contrast to the inorganic colloid, which remains in the phagocytic cells permanently, albumin is digested by proteolytic enzymes and the I131 abel is set free to re-enter the general circulation. With the thyroid blocked, the I131 is excreted mainly in the urine as free …

From Abstract : "Dependence of boundary tension and capacitance at the mercury-aqueous 0.1 N HClO4 interface on polarization and organic solute concentration were determined for the colutes n-amyl alcohol and phenol. ... An earlier treatment proposed by this Laboratory based on a (non-thermodynamic) assumption of linear variation of surface charge density with coverage appears adequately justified for inference of fractional surface coverages near the electrocapillary maximum, but must be considered approximate for evaluation of molar area at full coverage in cases where linear variation of charge with coverage has not been demonstrated."

The linear thermal expansion of thirteen tungsten carbide cermets with cobalt binder was investigated experimentally over the temperature range from 68 to 1800 F. Cobalt contents varied from 2.5 to 60 per cent. Several compositions included additions of mixed carbides of titanium, tantalum, and columbium. The experimentally observed coefficients of thermal expansion for the various compositions were compared with coefficients analytically computed from the coefficients for the constituents. Three such analytical methods were evaluated. In one method, the coefficient of expansion of the mixture was computed by volume fractions and in a second method by weight fractions. In the third method, the computation accounted for the stresses set up in the mixture by the difference in thermal expansion of the carbide skeleton and the cobalt binder. The expansions of all these cermets agreed with the values computed by weight fractions or by the stress method within 12 per cent, and by volume fractions within 28 per cent. The cermets containing less than one per cent mixed carbides agreed with the expansion computed either by weight fractions or by stress within 8 per cent, the cermets containing more than five per cent mixed carbides agreed with values computed by volume fractions …

The model used to evaluate the single interstitial migration energy from property changes due to interstitials is extended to account for vacancy contributions. The annealing function obtained can be used to determine the relative contributions of the defects and is sufficiently sensitive to distinguish vacancy effects that are an order of magnitude less than interstitial effects. Application of the model to stored energy and thermal resistivity data yields the same values of the activation energy and temperature independent term obtained from c-axis and macroscopic length expansion rates. The results indicate that the stored energy associated with the di-interstitial is at least ten times greater than the stored energy associated with the vacancy. The minor role of vacancies in phonon scattering is discussed. Analysis of the annealing function obtained from electrical resistivity changes in irradiated graphite indicates that the ratios of charge-carriers to scattering centers varies with irradiation temperature below 55°C. Above this temperature the changes are attributed to equal contributions from vacancies and interstitials.

Vacuum technology is germaine to and is utilized in an extroardinarily widespread scope of the scientific disciplines. From the medical technician freeze drying hog cholera vaccine to the solid state physicist studying thin film phenomena, vacuum technology is an important auxiliary. When one visits the NASA center at Langley and sees the clustered space environmental chambers, looking like a field of grotesque mushrooms, one realizes that vacuum technology is a vital adjunct in this most recent section of our total national scientific effort.

The evaluation of iron absorption using a single crystal whole-body counter is complicated by the inherent difficulty of determining a correct "100% value". Shortly after ingestion, tracer radioiron can be found in the stomach, upper small intestine, portal circulation and liver. Fourteen to twenty days later, the time at which absorption is measured most effectively, the radioiron will be distributed between the red cell mass, liver, spleen, bone marrow and other storage areas. With this mixed distribution there will always be an error because of geometric factors, and hence in counting efficiency, in using the relationship of [formula not transcribed] to calculate iron absorption. In a previous iron absorption study reported from this group, the radioiron retention measured 4 to 10 hours postingestion was used as the "100% value". The present experiments were designed to evaluate the clinical usefulness of the 4 hour postingestion count as the "100% value" as compared to the immediate postingestion body count, and to compare these values with an intravenous Fe59 calibrated absorption. These studies were performed with the realization that there is no absolute solution to the problem.

It has previously been shown that the polymer formed in solid state polymerization of acrylamide is amorphous in spite of the fact that the reaction takes place within a crystalline solid. The stage at which it becomes amorphous is not known at present. Work with dilute solid solutions of acrylamide in propionamide suggests that this occurs after the addition of, at most, a very few monomer units.

An additive mechanism of micro- and macro-convective heat transfer was formulated to represent boiling heat transfer with net vapor generation to saturated, non-metallic fluids in convective flow. The final equations are [equations not transcribed]. The second equation will be recognized as the Dittus-Boelter equation with the additional factor F. The two functions F and S are defined as [equations not transcribed] where Re is the effective Reynolds number for the two-phase fluid and ΔTe is the effective superheat for bubble growth. F and S were obtained as functions of the Martinelli parameter and the two-phase Reynolds number, respectively. The correlation was tested with available data for water and organic fluids. Data from different sources which could not be satisfactorily correlated by existing correlations were shown to be quite well correlated by the one presently proposed. The average deviation between calculated and measured boiling coefficients for all data points from nine experimental cases was ±11%

Technical report. From Abstract : "The scandium-yttrium and scandium-zirconium were studied by thermal and x-ray methods. Both systems are characterized by complete solid solubility in the low temperature hexagonal form and in the high temperature bcc form. In the Sc-Y system, there is a minimum in the solidus at 50 at. pct and 1365°C, while the solidus in the Sc-Zr system follows a nearly straight line relationship between the melting point of scandium and zirconium. There is a minimum in the temperature of transition from hexagonal to bcc in the Sc-Y system at 43 at. pct Y and 1175°C; while the temperature of transition is raised in the Sc-Zr system to a maximum of 1415°C at 30 at. pct Zr."

A circuit is described developed to fill the need for a pulser with a 15-20 volt amplitude into the 93 ohm line, stable, transistorized and low cost, fast 10 Nano second rise, and a variable repetition period from 0.5 sec. to 4 sec.

This technical report seeks to ascertain which amine species cause the synergistic effect exerted by tri-n-octylamine (TNOA) on the solvent extraction of thorium by TTA, the nature of the species formed, and the values of the equilibrium constants involved. This report also includes 2 figures and 2 tables to accompany the findings.

The report objective is to establish the amino acid composition of sperm whale myoglobin. From Summary: "The homoprotein that comprises 96% by weight of the protein present in crystalline sperm whale myoglobin may be received into at least five components by chromatography on the carboxylic resin IRC-50."

Report discussing a study of various neutron image detector systems and their characteristics, and opal glass diffusers in an optical image synthesis apparatus. A five inch diameter neutron beam exposure facility is also discussed.

One of the techniques by which highly ionized plasmas can be generated in the laboratory makes use of strong, electromagnetically driven shock waves propagating into a cold gas. In this paper the phenomenon is analyzed as a one-dimensional single-fluid hydromagnetic problem, neglecting dissipation behind the wave.

This is a preliminary report on the magnetic measurements taken to date on the AGS experimental magnets. It mainly summarizes the results which were necessary for the setting up of the proton separated beam in August 1961. A few curves on information obtained since then are included. When the study is finished, a complete report on all phases of the work, including the methods used, will be forthcoming.

From abstract: "The high temperature enthalpies of five rare-earth metals were measured from 0° to 1100°C using a Bunsen ice calorimeter. The enthalphy of yttrium metal was studied from 1100° to 1675°C using a modified high temperature vacuum Bunsen calorimeter. The data were fitted to empirical equations from which the heat of transition and fusion, the heat capacity, and the related thermodynamic quantities were calculated. These results confirmed indications from other properties that europium and ytterbium metals are primarily in the divalent state.Small anomalies observed in europium were attributed to transitions between electronic states when some trivalent ions occur in these metals. The entropy of the fcc-bcc transition for ytterbium was found to be approximately two-thirds that of the other rare-earth metals for which a close-paced to body-centered cubic transformation has been observed."

"The formulation of field theories by means of Wightman functions is studied. It is shown that, given two field theories that satisfy all the axioms, one can construct a family of Wightmsn fields with the same properties by a process of superposition of Wightman functions. The condition of unitarity is formulated without reference to asymptotic conditions, and it is proved that the Wightman fields constructed by the superposition process (starting with "unitary" fields) fail to preserve unitarity."

A program has been coded for the ORACLE which will solve, using Monte Carlo technique, the transport problem for monodirectional, monoenergetic gamma radiation incident at an angle Θ, upon an infinite laminated slab of finite thickness. Each of the laminations (or regions) is itself an infinite, homogeneous slab of finite thickness. The code is designed to give estimates of energy deposition, energy flux, tissue dose rate, reflected and transmitted energy current, and the angular and energy distribution of the reflected and transmitted energy current. All the answers except for energy deposition and reflected and transmitted energy current are optional.

This memorandum presents a description of several additional miscellaneous HRT core maintenance tools, not in an earlier report (1). These tools were used in the removal of the cut up diffuser plates, probing the core wall, gauging the size of the holes, and other simple tasks. Function, design, and operation are described for the following items.

Experiments with a simple pulsed magnetic field in cusped geometry are described. The plasma is generated inside the containment region rather than injected from an external source. It was found that creation of the plasma by a linear pinch discharge is most successful. Only qualitative studies have been carried out so far, using time-resolved visual observation of the plasma. Well-defined plasma bodies located in the central region between the cells were photographed. In order to make them clearly visible, a few percent of argon was added to the hydrogen.

Facilities shall be provided in the 221-U Building for storing the metal solution product of the dissolution step in existing tankage from U, T, and B Plants until a reprocessing campaign is scheduled through Redox. This section shall provide a sampling tank for fuel accountability sampling and a pump tank from which the solution will be pumped via a cross-country pipeline to Redox for further processing.

Introduction: "This is the ninth letter report on ARF Project C 127, entitled "Preliminary Studies of Scavenging Systems Related to Radioactive Fallout." This report covers the period from August 1 to October 1, 1959."