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A 3-D hydrodynamic dispersion model for modeling tracer transport in Geothermal Reservoirs (open access)

A 3-D hydrodynamic dispersion model for modeling tracer transport in Geothermal Reservoirs

A 3-D hydrodynamic dispersion model for tracer transport is developed and implemented into the TOUGH2 EOS3 (T2R3D) module. The model formulation incorporates a full dispersion tensor, based on a 3-D velocity field with a 3-D, irregular grid in a heterogeneous geological system. Two different weighting schemes are proposed for spatial average of 3-D velocity fields and concentration gradients to evaluate the mass flux by dispersion and diffusion of a tracer or a radionuclide. This new module of the TOUGH2 code is designed to simulate processes of tracer/radionuclide transport using an irregular, 3-D integral finite difference grid in non-isothermal, three-dimensional, multiphase, porous/fractured subsurface systems. The numerical method for this transport module is based on the integral finite difference scheme, as in the TOUGH2 code. The major assumptions of the tracer transport module are: (a) a tracer or a radionuclide is present and transported only within the liquid phase, (b) transport mechanisms include molecular diffusion and hydrodynamic dispersion in the liquid phase in addition to advection, and (c) first order decay and linear adsorption on rock grains are taken into account. The tracer or radionuclide is introduced as an additional mass component into the standard TOUGH2 formulation, time is discretized fully implicitly, …
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: Wu, Yu-Shu & Pruess, Karsten
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 98, No. 265, Ed. 1 Monday, January 26, 1998 (open access)

Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 98, No. 265, Ed. 1 Monday, January 26, 1998

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: Cole, Carol
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Alvin Sun (Alvin, Tex.), Vol. 107, No. 49, Ed. 1 Monday, January 26, 1998 (open access)

The Alvin Sun (Alvin, Tex.), Vol. 107, No. 49, Ed. 1 Monday, January 26, 1998

Weekly newspaper from Alvin, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: Schwind, Jim & Dodson, Doug
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 76, No. 74, Ed. 1 Monday, January 26, 1998 (open access)

The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 76, No. 74, Ed. 1 Monday, January 26, 1998

Daily newspaper from Baytown, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: Dobbs, Gary
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Chickasha Daily Express (Chickasha, Okla.), Ed. 1 Monday, January 26, 1998 (open access)

Chickasha Daily Express (Chickasha, Okla.), Ed. 1 Monday, January 26, 1998

Daily newspaper from Chickasha, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: Bush, Kent
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Computer code selection criteria for flow and transport code(s) to be used in undisturbed vadose zone calculations for TWRS environmental analyses (open access)

Computer code selection criteria for flow and transport code(s) to be used in undisturbed vadose zone calculations for TWRS environmental analyses

The Tank Waste Remediation System (TWRS) is responsible for the safe storage, retrieval, and disposal of waste currently being held in 177 underground tanks at the Hanford Site. In order to successfully carry out its mission, TWRS must perform environmental analyses describing the consequences of tank contents leaking from tanks and associated facilities during the storage, retrieval, or closure periods and immobilized low-activity tank waste contaminants leaving disposal facilities. Because of the large size of the facilities and the great depth of the dry zone (known as the vadose zone) underneath the facilities, sophisticated computer codes are needed to model the transport of the tank contents or contaminants. This document presents the code selection criteria for those vadose zone analyses (a subset of the above analyses) where the hydraulic properties of the vadose zone are constant in time the geochemical behavior of the contaminant-soil interaction can be described by simple models, and the geologic or engineered structures are complicated enough to require a two-or three dimensional model. Thus, simple analyses would not need to use the fairly sophisticated codes which would meet the selection criteria in this document. Similarly, those analyses which involve complex chemical modeling (such as those analyses …
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: Mann, F. M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Defense Export Loan Guarantee Program (DELG) (open access)

Defense Export Loan Guarantee Program (DELG)

This report provides an overview of the Defense Export Loan Guarantee Program (DELG) which became operational on November 8, 1996. It discusses the major features of the program, which is aimed at assisting prospective foreign purchasers of U.S. defense equipment finance those purchase through private sector loans.
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: Grimmett, Richard F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Determination of silica scale deposition rates and thresholds applied toward protection of injection reservoirs. Quarterly progress report, August 1--December 31, 1997 (open access)

Determination of silica scale deposition rates and thresholds applied toward protection of injection reservoirs. Quarterly progress report, August 1--December 31, 1997

Instrumentation and the components required for the probe and reactor assemblies were procured. Probes were fabricated and tested to assess their sensitivity to scaling. In October, the focus was on design and fabrication of the reactors. This required close coordination with welding and machine shop subvendors. Contact was made with the two Nevada power plants where the experimental equipment will be field tested. Each has indicated their support for the project and will accommodate field testing efforts. Lab testing of the components in November determined that a probe sensitivity problem existed. It was decided to request the specification for the materials used by the Costa Rican utility for pipelines and vessels at Miravalles. By building the probe assemblies from these same materials, experimental results would not be subject to the question of whether preferential scaling occurred due to a specific probe material. New probes were manufactured using the same material as the steel pipelines at Miravalles. Electrical problems still existed, however, probably due to the type of excitation used to monitor the scaling effects. Signal conditioning was added between the probe and recorder to convert from direct current to alternating current excitation. This eliminated additional galvanic effects which may have …
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: Booth, G.M. III
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The dielectric boundary condition for the embedded curved boundary (ECB) method (open access)

The dielectric boundary condition for the embedded curved boundary (ECB) method

A new version of ECB has been completed that allows nonuniform grid spacing and a new dieledric boundary condition. ECB was developed to retain the simplicity and speed of an orthogonal mesh while capturing much of the fidelity of adaptive, unstructured finite element meshes. Codes based on orthogonal meshes are easy to work with and lead to well-posed elliptic and parabolic problems that are comparatively easy to solve. Generally, othogonal mesh representations lead to banded matrices while unstructured representations lead to more complicated sparse matrices. Recent advances in adapting banded linear systems to massively parallel computers reinforce our opinion that iterative field solutions utilizing banded matrix methods will continue to be competitive. Unfortunately, the underlying ``stair-step`` boundary representation in simple orthogonal mesh (and recent Adaptive Mesh Refinement) applications is inadequate. With ECB, the curved boundary is represented by piece-wise-linear representations of curved internal boundaries embedded into the orthogonal mesh- we build better, but not more, coefficients in the vicinity of these boundaries-and we use the surplus free energy on more ambitious physics models. ECB structures are constructed out of the superposition of analytically prescribed building blocks. In 2-D, we presently use a POLY4 (linear boundaries defined by 4 end points), …
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: Hewwitt, D. W., LLNL
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Education Issues in the 105th Congress, 2nd Session (open access)

Education Issues in the 105th Congress, 2nd Session

This report provides a brief summary of education issues anticipated for the 2nd Session, as well as a synopsis of education activity during the 1st Session.
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: Irwin, Paul M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Education Issues in the 105th Congress, 2nd Session (open access)

Education Issues in the 105th Congress, 2nd Session

Several education issues are being considered by the 105th Congress. Some of the congressional action results from expiring legislation, such as the Higher Education Act of 1965 (HEA). Other action may occur because of debate over the appropriate federal role in education, including federal support for school reform or national testing. This report provides a brief summary of education issues anticipated for the 2nd Session, as well as a synopsis of education activity during the 1st Session.
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: Irwin, Paul M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of CZT crystals from the former Soviet Union (open access)

Evaluation of CZT crystals from the former Soviet Union

Vertical high pressure Bridgman (VHPB) Cd{sub 1{minus}x}Zn{sub x}Te (0.04 < x < 0.24) detector crystals grown in the Ukraine and Russia have been evaluated and compared to US-grown materials. Various analytical techniques were used to study the materials for trace impurities, precipitates, crystallinity, and electrical transport properties. Relatively high concentrations of carbon and trace impurities such as Se, Nd and Si have been detected in the crystals. In most cases, the crystals showed lower resistivity than US-grown CZT. However, recent crystals grown in Russia exhibited better detector performance than those grown in prior years, and good response to an {sup 241}Am radioactive source was found. Electron lifetimes below 1 {micro}s were measured in crystals having significant numbers of micro-defects, compared to lifetimes of 5--15 {micro}s found in spectrometer grade materials produced in the US. Furthermore, the zinc composition along the growth axis showed better homogeneity in comparison with the US material.
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: Hermon, H.; Schieber, M.; James, R. B.; Antolak, A. J.; Morse, D. H.; Brunett, B. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Fate of Isolated Spills on Savannah River Site Soils (open access)

Fate of Isolated Spills on Savannah River Site Soils

Spills of acids and bases onto Savannah River Site soils will generally be neutralized to acceptable pH levels by passage through the soils.
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: Denham, M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Increasing Waterflood Reserves in the Wilmington Oil Field Through Improved Reservoir Characterization and Reservoir Management (open access)

Increasing Waterflood Reserves in the Wilmington Oil Field Through Improved Reservoir Characterization and Reservoir Management

The objectives of this quarterly report are to summarize the work conducted under each task during the reporting period October - December 1997 and to report all technical data and findings as specified in the "Federal Assistance Reporting Checklist". The main objective of this project is the transfer of technologies, methodologies, and findings developed and applied in this project to other operators of Slope and Basin Clastic Reservoirs. This project will study methods to identify sands with high remaining oil saturation and to recomplete existing wells using advanced completion technology. The identification of the sands with high remaining oil saturation will be accomplished by developing a deterministic three dimensional (3-D) geologic model and by using a state of the art reservoir management computer software. The wells identified by the geologic and reservoir engineering work as having the best potential will be logged with cased-hole logging tools. The application of the logging tools will be optimized in the lab by developing a rock-log model. This rock-log model will allow us to translate measurements through casing into effective porosity and hydrocarbon saturation. The wells that are shown to have the best oil production potential will be recompleted. The recompletions will be optimized …
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: Phillips, Chris; Moos, Dan; Clarke, Don; Nguyen, John; Tagbor, Kwasi; Koerner, Roy et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Linear induction accelerator requirements for ion fast ignition (open access)

Linear induction accelerator requirements for ion fast ignition

Fast ignition (fast heating of DT cores afief compression) reduces driver energy (by 10 X or more) by reducing the implosion velocity and energy for a given fuel compression ratio. For any type of driver that can deliver the ignition energy fast enough, fast ignition increases the target gain compared to targets using fast implosions for central ignition, as long as the energy to heat the core after compression is comparable to or less than the slow compression energy, and as long as the coupling efficiency of the fast ignitor beam to heat the core is comparable to the overall efficiency of compressing the core (in terms of beam energy-to-DT-efficiency). Ion driven fast ignition, compared to laser-driven fast ignition, has the advantage of direct (dE/dx) deposition of beam energy to the DT, eliminating inefficiencies for conversion into hot electrons, and direct ion heating also has a more favorable deposition profile with the Bragg-peak near the end of an ion range chosen to be deep inside a compressed DT core. While Petawatt laser experiments at LLNL have demonstrated adequate light-to-hot-electron conversion efficiency, it is not yet known if light and hot electrons can channel deeply enough to heat a small portion …
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: Logan, G.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
McMurry War Whoop (Abilene, Tex.), Vol. 75, No. 6, Ed. 1, Monday, January 26, 1998 (open access)

McMurry War Whoop (Abilene, Tex.), Vol. 75, No. 6, Ed. 1, Monday, January 26, 1998

Weekly student newspaper from McMurry University in Abilene, Texas that includes local, state and campus news along with advertising.
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Multi-stage selection catalytic reduction of NO{sub x} in lean burn engine exhaust (open access)

Multi-stage selection catalytic reduction of NO{sub x} in lean burn engine exhaust

Recent studies suggest that the conversion of NO to NO{sub 2} is an important intermediate step in the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO{sub x} to N{sub 2}. These studies have prompted the development of schemes that use an oxidation catalyst to convert NO to NO{sub 2}, followed by a reduction catalyst to convert NO{sub 2} to N{sub 2}. Multi-stage SCR offers high NO{sub x} reduction efficiency from catalysts that, separately, are not very active for reduction of NO, and alleviates the problem of selectivity between NO reduction and hydrocarbon oxidation. A plasma can also be used to oxidize NO to NO{sub 2}. This paper compares the multi-stage catalytic scheme with the plasma-assisted catalytic scheme for reduction of NO{sub x} in lean-bum engine exhausts. The advantages of plasma oxidation over catalytic oxidation are presented.
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: Penetrante, B.M.; Hsiao, M.O.; Merritt, B.T. & Vogling, E.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
NIF Integrated Computer Controls System Description (open access)

NIF Integrated Computer Controls System Description

This System Description introduces the NIF Integrated Computer Control System (ICCS). The architecture is sufficiently abstract to allow the construction of many similar applications from a common framework. As discussed below, over twenty software applications derived from the framework comprise the NIF control system. This document lays the essential foundation for understanding the ICCS architecture. The NIF design effort is motivated by the magnitude of the task. Figure 1 shows a cut-away rendition of the coliseum-sized facility. The NIF requires integration of about 40,000 atypical control points, must be highly automated and robust, and will operate continuously around the clock. The control system coordinates several experimental cycles concurrently, each at different stages of completion. Furthermore, facilities such as the NIF represent major capital investments that will be operated, maintained, and upgraded for decades. The computers, control subsystems, and functionality must be relatively easy to extend or replace periodically with newer technology.
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: VanArsdall, P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
[NTIEVA invoice for Airborne Express, January 1998] (open access)

[NTIEVA invoice for Airborne Express, January 1998]

A series of invoice exchanges from the North Texas Institute for Educators on the Visual Arts, University of North Texas and the Texas Commission for the Arts over the matter of four dollars and nineteen centers after an accident mischarge on wrong grant accounts.
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: North Texas Institute for Educators on the Visual Arts
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Oral History Interview with Benjamin Hazard, January 26, 1998 transcript

Oral History Interview with Benjamin Hazard, January 26, 1998

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Benjamin Hazard. Hazard joined the Army in December of 1943. He served with the 27th Infantry Division. He participated in combat, and also worked as a language officer. Hazard became proficient in Japanese. After the war, he continued his service as a reserve officer.
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: Hazard, Benjamin
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Benjamin Hazard, January 26, 1998 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Benjamin Hazard, January 26, 1998

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Benjamin Hazard. Hazard joined the Army in December of 1943. He served with the 27th Infantry Division. He participated in combat, and also worked as a language officer. Hazard became proficient in Japanese. After the war, he continued his service as a reserve officer.
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: Hazard, Benjamin
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
PDJ Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 105, No. 17, Ed. 1 Monday, January 26, 1998 (open access)

PDJ Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 105, No. 17, Ed. 1 Monday, January 26, 1998

Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: Brown, Gloria
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Project management plan, double-shell tank system specification development (open access)

Project management plan, double-shell tank system specification development

The Project Hanford Management Contract (PHMC) members have been tasked by the US Department of Energy (DOE) to support removal of wastes from the Hanford Site 200 Area tanks in two phases. The schedule for these phases allows focusing on requirements for the first phase of providing feed to the privatized vitrification plants. The Tank Waste Retrieval Division near-term goal is to focus on the activities to support Phase 1. These include developing an integrated (technical, schedule, and cost) baseline and, with regard to private contractors, establishing interface agreements, constructing infrastructure systems, retrieving and delivering waste feed, and accepting immobilized waste products for interim onsite storage. This document describes the process for developing an approach to designing a system for retrieving waste from double-shell tanks. It includes a schedule and cost account for the work breakdown structure task.
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: Conrads, T. J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Sapulpa Daily Herald (Sapulpa, Okla.), Vol. 83, No. 114, Ed. 1 Monday, January 26, 1998 (open access)

Sapulpa Daily Herald (Sapulpa, Okla.), Vol. 83, No. 114, Ed. 1 Monday, January 26, 1998

Daily newspaper from Sapulpa, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 26, 1998
Creator: Diehl, Don
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History