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Year
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Day
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Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production Using New Combinatorial Chemistry Derived Materials
Solar photoelectrochemical water-splitting has long been viewed as one of the “holy grails” of chemistry because of its potential impact as a clean, renewable method of fuel production. Several known photocatalytic semiconductors can be used; however, the fundamental mechanisms of the process remain poorly understood and no known material has the required properties for cost effective hydrogen production. In order to investigate morphological and compositional variations in metal oxides as they relate to opto-electrochemical properties, we have employed a combinatorial methodology using automated, high-throughput, electrochemical synthesis and screening together with conventional solid-state methods. This report discusses a number of novel, high-throughput instruments developed during this project for the expeditious discovery of improved materials for photoelectrochemical hydrogen production. Also described within this report are results from a variety of materials (primarily tungsten oxide, zinc oxide, molybdenum oxide, copper oxide and titanium dioxide) whose properties were modified and improved by either layering, inter-mixing, or doping with one or more transition metals. Furthermore, the morphologies of certain materials were also modified through the use of structure directing agents (SDA) during synthesis to create mesostructures (features 2-50 nm) that increased surface area and improved rates of hydrogen production.
Date:
October 25, 2004
Creator:
Jaramillo, Thomas F.; Baeck, Sung-Hyeon; Kleiman-Shwarsctein, Alan; Stucky, Galen D. (PI) & McFarland, Eric W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Laser Fusion: The First Ten Years 1962-1972
This account of the beginning of the program on laser fusion at Livermore in 1962, and its subsequent development during the decade ending in 1972, was originally prepared as a contribution to the January 1991 symposium 'Achievements in Physics' honoring Professor Keith Brueckner upon his retirement from the University of San Diego at La Jolla. It is a personal recollection of work at Livermore from my vantage point as its scientific leader, and of events elsewhere that I thought significant. This period was one of rapid growth in which the technology of high-power short-pulse lasers needed to drive the implosion of thermonuclear fuel to the temperature and density needed for ignition was developed, and in which the physics of the interaction of intense light with plasmas was explored both theoretically and experimentally.
Date:
June 25, 2004
Creator:
Kidder, R. E.
Object Type:
Book
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Material dynamics at extreme pressures and strain rates
Solid state experiments at extreme pressures (10-100 GPa) and strain rates ({approx}10{sup 6}-10{sup 8}s{sup -1}) are being developed on high-energy laser facilities, and offer the possibility for exploring new regimes of materials science. [Re 2004] These extreme solid-state conditions can be accessed with either shock loading or with quasi-isentropic ramped pressure pulses being developed on the Omega laser. [Ed 2004] Velocity interferometer measurements establish the high strain rates. Constitutive models for solid-state strength under these conditions are tested by comparing 2D continuum simulations with experiments measuring perturbation growth due to the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in solid-state samples. Lattice compression, phase, and temperature are deduced from extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements, from which the shock-induced a-w phase transition in Ti is inferred to occur on sub-nanosecond time scales. [Ya 2004] Time resolved lattice response and phase can be inferred from dynamic x-ray diffraction measurements, where the elastic-plastic (1D-3D) lattice relaxation in shocked Cu is shown to occur promptly (< 1 ns). [Lo 2003] Subsequent large-scale MD simulations have elucidated the microscopic dynamics that underlie the 3D lattice relaxation. Deformation mechanisms are identified by examining the residual microstructure in recovered samples. [Re 2004] For example, the slip-twinning threshold in single-crystal Cu …
Date:
August 25, 2004
Creator:
Remington, Bruce A.; Cavallo, Rob M.; Edwards, Michael J.; Ho, David D.; Lasinski, Barbara F.; Lorenz, Karl T. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[Correspondence from Catherine Murphy to Eleanor Brown, Oct 25, 2004]
Correspondence from Catherine Murphy to Eleanor Brown containing a copy of the information Murphy has on file for Brown and a list of the WASPs in Region 2. A handwritten note at the top of page 1 states, "Total 175 WASP in Reg II."
Date:
October 25, 2004
Creator:
Murphy, Catherine A.
Object Type:
Letter
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Cherokeean Herald (Rusk, Tex.), Vol. 155, No. 27, Ed. 1 Wednesday, August 25, 2004
Weekly newspaper from Rusk, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date:
August 25, 2004
Creator:
Whitehead, Marie
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Cherokeean Herald (Rusk, Tex.), Vol. 155, No. 1, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 25, 2004
Weekly newspaper from Rusk, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date:
February 25, 2004
Creator:
Whitehead, Marie
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
North Texas Daily (Denton, Tex.), Vol. 88, No. 81, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 25, 2004
Daily student newspaper from the University of North Texas in Denton, Texas that includes local, state and campus news along with advertising.
Date:
February 25, 2004
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
The University News (Irving, Tex.), Vol. 33, No. 17, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 25, 2004
Weekly student newspaper from the University of Dallas in Irving, Texas that includes campus news and commentaries along with advertising.
Date:
February 25, 2004
Creator:
Kuckelman, Meghan
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: GA-0237
Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Greg Abbott, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Whether the liens for public improvement district assessments levied against property that was not a homestead at the time of assessment may be enforced by foreclosure even though the property has become a homestead between the date of assessment and the date of the enforcement action (RQ-0187-GA)
Date:
August 25, 2004
Creator:
Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type:
Text
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: GA-0238
Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Greg Abbott, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Whether deputy sheriffs are "police officers" for purposes of Local Government Code chapter 174, The Fire and Police Employee Relations Act (RQ-0189-GA)
Date:
August 25, 2004
Creator:
Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type:
Text
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: GA-0239
Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Greg Abbott, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Whether the Board of the Professionals Land Surveying may establish a "retired status" catergory for its registrants, set a reduced renewal fee, and waive continuing education requirements for those individuals (RQ-0191-GA)
Date:
August 25, 2004
Creator:
Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type:
Text
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: GA-0240
Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Greg Abbott, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Authority of the Board of Pardons and Paroles to consider applications for pardons and based on innocence (RQ-0192-GA)
Date:
August 25, 2004
Creator:
Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type:
Text
System:
The Portal to Texas History
The Rambler (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 91, No. 5, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 25, 2004
Weekly student newspaper from Texas Wesleyan University in Fort Worth, Texas that includes campus and local news along with advertising.
Date:
February 25, 2004
Creator:
Nettles, Marc
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Farm Credit System
This report provides information about the farm credit system which provides financial cooperative lending to agricultural and aquatic producers, rural homeowners etc.
Date:
October 25, 2004
Creator:
Monke, Jim
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Pore Fluid Effects on Shear Modulus for Sandstones with Soft Anisotropy
None
Date:
March 25, 2004
Creator:
Berger, E. L.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Boron-Carbide Barrier Layers in Scandium-Silicon Multilayers
None
Date:
March 25, 2004
Creator:
Jankowski, Alan Frederic; Saw, Cheng K.; Walton, Christopher C.; Hayes, Jeffrey P. & Nilsen, Joseph
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Legal Overview of P.L. 107-174, the Notification and Federal Employee Antidiscrimination and Retaliation Act of 2002
None
Date:
March 25, 2004
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Near-Field Hydrology Data Package for the Integrated Disposal Facility 2005 Performance Assessment
CH2MHill Hanford Group, Inc. (CHG) is designing and assessing the performance of an Integrated Disposal Facility (IDF) to receive immobilized low-activity waste (ILAW), Low-Level and Mixed Low-Level Wastes (LLW/MLLW), and the Waste Treatment Plant (WTP) melters used to vitrify the ILAW. The IDF Performance Assessment (PA) assesses the performance of the disposal facility to provide a reasonable expectation that the disposal of the waste is protective of the general public, groundwater resources, air resources, surface water resources, and inadvertent intruders. The PA requires prediction of contaminant migration from the facilities, which is expected to occur primarily via the movement of water through the facilities and the consequent transport of dissolved contaminants in the pore water of the vadose zone. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) assists CHG in its performance assessment activities. One of PNNL’s tasks is to provide estimates of the physical, hydraulic, and transport properties of the materials comprising the disposal facilities and the disturbed region around them. These materials are referred to as the near-field materials. Their properties are expressed as parameters of constitutive models used in simulations of subsurface flow and transport. In addition to the best-estimate parameter values, information on uncertainty in the parameter values and …
Date:
June 25, 2004
Creator:
Meyer, Philip D.; Saripalli, Prasad & Freedman, Vicky L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Removal of Mercury From Contaminated Soils at the Pavlodar Chemical Plant.
Soils beneath and adjacent to the Pavlodar Chemical Plant in Kazakhstan have been contaminated with elemental mercury as a result of chlor alkali processing using mercury cathode cell technology. The work described in this paper was conducted in preparation for a demonstration of a technology to remove the mercury from the contaminated soils using a vacuum assisted thermal distillation process. The process can operate at temperatures from 250-500 C and pressures of 0.13kPa-1.33kPa. Following vaporization, the mercury vapor is cooled, condensed and concentrated back to liquid elemental mercury. It will then be treated using the Sulfur Polymer Stabilization/Solidification process developed at Brookhaven National Laboratory as described in a companion paper at this conference. The overall project objectives include chemical and physical characterization of the contaminated soils, study of the influence of the soil's physical-chemical and hydro dynamical characteristics on process parameters, and laboratory testing to optimize the mercury sublimation rate when heating in vacuum. Based on these laboratory and pilot-scale data, a full-scale production process will be designed for testing. This paper describes the soil characterization. This work is being sponsored by the International Science and Technology Center.
Date:
September 25, 2004
Creator:
Khrapunov, v. Ye.; Isakova, R. A.; Levintov, B. L.; Kalb, P. D.; Kamberov, I. M. & Trebukhov, A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Gas Desorption and Electron Emission from 1 MeV Potassium Iion Bombardment of Stainless Steel
Gas desorption and electron emission coefficients were measured for 1 MeV potassium ions incident on stainless steel at grazing angles (between 80 and 88 degrees from normal incidence) using a new gas-electron source diagnostic (GESD). Issues addressed in design and commissioning of the GESD include effects from backscattering of ions at the surface, space-charge limited emission current, and reproducibility of desorption measurements. We find that electron emission coefficients {gamma}{sub e} scale as 1/cos({theta}) up to angles of 86 degrees, where {gamma}{sub e} = 90. Nearer grazing incidence, {gamma}{sub e} is reduced below the 1/cos({theta}) scaling by nuclear scattering of ions through large angles, reaching {gamma}{sub e} = 135 at 88 degrees. Electrons were emitted with a measured temperature of {approx}30 eV. Gas desorption coefficients {gamma}{sub 0} were much larger, of order {gamma}{sub 0} = 10{sub 4}. They also varied with angle, but much more slowly than 1/cos({theta}). From this we conclude that the desorption was not entirely from adsorbed layers of gas on the surface. Two mitigation techniques were investigated: rough surfaces reduced electron emission by a factor of ten and gas desorption by a factor of two; a mild bake to {approx}220 degrees had no effect on electron emission, …
Date:
March 25, 2004
Creator:
Molvik, A; Covo, M K; Bieniosek, F; Prost, L; Seidl, P; Baca, D et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Carbon Nanotube-Based Permeable Membranes: A Platform for Studying Nanofluidics
A membrane of multiwalled carbon nanotubes embedded in a silicon nitride matrix was fabricated for use in studying fluid mechanics on the nanometer scale. Characterization by fluorescent tracer diffusion and scanning electron microscopy suggests that the membrane is void-free near the silicon substrate on which it rests, implying that the hollow core of the nanotube is the only conduction path for molecular transport. Nitrogen flow measurements of a nanoporous silicon nitride membrane, fabricated by sacrificial removal of carbon, give a flow rate of 0.086 cc/sec. Calculations of water flow across a nanotube membrane give a rate of 2.1x10{sup -6} cc/sec (0.12 {micro}L/min).
Date:
May 25, 2004
Creator:
Holt, J K; Park, H G; Noy, A; Huser, T; Eaglesham, D & Bakajin, O
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Chord Distributions of a Spherical Shell
None
Date:
June 25, 2004
Creator:
Chang, B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Corrosion Behavior of Titanium Grade 7 in Fluoride-Containing NaCl Brines
The effects of fluoride on the corrosion behavior of Titanium Grade 7 (0.12-0.25% Pd) have been investigated. Up to 0.1 mol/L fluoride was added to the NaCl brines at 95 C, and three pH values of 4, 8, and 11 were selected for studying pH dependence of fluoride effects. It was observed that fluoride significantly altered the anodic polarization behavior, at all three pH values of 4, 8, and 11. Under acidic condition fluoride caused active corrosion. The corrosion of Titanium grade 7 was increased by three orders of magnitude when a 0.1 mol/L fluoride was added to the NaCl brines at pH 4, and the Pd ennoblement effect was not observed in acidic fluoride-containing environments. The effects of fluoride were reduced significantly when pH was increased to 8 and above.
Date:
October 25, 2004
Creator:
Lian, T; Whalen, M T & Wong, L
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Effects of Oil Shocks on the Economy: A Review of the Empirical Evidence
This report surveys the econemetric literature on oil shocks to provide quantitative estimates of how large an effect oil price changes have on economic activity.
Date:
June 25, 2004
Creator:
Labonte, Marc
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library