States

Effects of Global Boundary and Local Collisionality on Magnetic Reconnection in a Laboratory Plasma (open access)

Effects of Global Boundary and Local Collisionality on Magnetic Reconnection in a Laboratory Plasma

The magnetic reconnection process is studied in a wide range of operating conditions in the well-controlled Magnetic Reconnection Experiment. The reconnection rate is observed to be a function of both global (i.e., system size) and local (collisionality) plasma parameters. When only local collisionality is lowered, the current sheet is shortened while effective resistivity is enhanced, both accelerating reconnection rates. At a fixed collisionality, the current sheet length increases with system size, resulting in the reduction of the reconnection rate. These results quantitatively agree with a generalized Sweet-Parker analysis.
Date: July 24, 2007
Creator: A. Kuritsyn, H. Ji, S.P. Gerhardt, Y. Ren, and M. Yamada
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Pressure-induced Breaking of Equilibrium Flux Surfaces in the W7AS Stellarator (open access)

Pressure-induced Breaking of Equilibrium Flux Surfaces in the W7AS Stellarator

Calculations are presented for two shots in the W7AS stellarator which differ only in the magnitude of the current in the divertor control coil, but have very different values of experimentally attainable β (<β> ≈ 2.7% versus <β> ≈ 1.8%). Equilibrium calculations find that a region of chaotic magnetic field line trajectories fills approximately the outer 1/3 of the cross-section in each of these configurations. The field lines in the stochastic region are calculated to behave as if the flux surfaces are broken only locally near the outer midplane and are preserved elsewhere. The calculated magnetic field line diffusion coefficients in the stochastic regions for the two shots are consistent with the observed differences in the attainable β, and are also consistent with the differences in the reconstructed pressure profiles.
Date: April 24, 2007
Creator: A. Reiman, M.C. Zarnstorff, D. Monticello, A. Weller, J. Geiger, and the W7-AS Team
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Depressed electron collector for the Gatling Gun Test Stand (open access)

Depressed electron collector for the Gatling Gun Test Stand

N/A
Date: October 24, 2013
Creator: A., Pikin; Ben-Zvi, Ilan; Chang, X. Y.; Gassner, D.; Litvinenko, V.; Rahman, O. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
NUCLEAR WASTE GLASSES CONTINUOUS MELTING AND BULK VITRIFICAITON (open access)

NUCLEAR WASTE GLASSES CONTINUOUS MELTING AND BULK VITRIFICAITON

This contribution addresses various aspects of nuclear waste vitrification. Nuclear wastes have a variety of components and composition ranges. For each waste composition, the glass must be formulated to possess acceptable processing and product behavior defined in terms of physical and chemical properties that guarantee the glass can be easily made and resist environmental degradation. Glass formulation is facilitated by developing property-composition models, and the strategy of model development and application is reviewed. However, the large variability of waste compositions presents numerous additional challenges: insoluble solids and molten salts may segregate; foam may hinder heat transfer and slow down the process; molten salts may accumulate in container refractory walls; the glass on cooling may precipitate crystalline phases. These problems need targeted exploratory research. Examples of specific problems and their possible solutions are discussed.
Date: March 24, 2008
Creator: AA, KRUGER & PR, HRMA
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Sorption of Cesium From Aqueous Waste Solution on SuperLig 644 Resin (open access)

Sorption of Cesium From Aqueous Waste Solution on SuperLig 644 Resin

The removal of cesium from aqueous waste solution was investigated in a column setup using SuperLig(R) 644 resin. The resin was significantly coarser in size than those used in previous studies because of hydraulic problems encountered during pilot-scale tests. The bed volume (BV = 140) at the onset of breakthrough surpassed the design requirement of 100 BV at 50 percent breakthrough. The percent of cesium removed by the resin at the onset of breakthrough was 99.96. The elution of cesium with 0.5 M HNO3 was satisfactory with a peak BV of 2.5. The elution BV for C/Co = 0.01 was 10, which is less than the target of 15 BV. The percent of sorbed cesium eluted from the resin was 99.88 percent. In addition, the BV of the various solutions used for the supporting process steps (feed displacement, post-feed displacement rinse, post-elution rinse, and regeneration) of the cesium ion exchange system was sufficient.
Date: August 24, 2004
Creator: ADU-WUSU, KOFI
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
HANFORD REGULATORY EXPERIENCE REGULATION AT HANFORD A CASE STUDY (open access)

HANFORD REGULATORY EXPERIENCE REGULATION AT HANFORD A CASE STUDY

Hanford has played a pivotal role in the United States' defense for more than 60 years, beginning with the Manhattan Project in the 1940s. During its history, the Hanford Site has had nine reactors producing plutonium for the United States' nuclear weapons program. All the reactors were located next to the Columbia River and all had associated low-level radioactive and hazardous waste releases. Site cleanup, which formally began in 1989 with the signing of the Hanford Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order, also known as the Tri-Party Agreement, involves more than 1,600 waste sites and burial grounds, and the demolition of more than 1,500buildings and structures, Cleanup is scheduled to be complete by 2035. Regulatory oversight of the cleanup is being performed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Washington State Department of Ecology(Ecology) under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) and the Revised Code of Washington, 'Hazardous Waste Management.' Cleanup of the waste sites and demolition of the many buildings and structures generates large volumes of contaminated soil, equipment, demolition debris, and other wastes that must be disposed of in a secure manner to prevent further environmental degradation. From a risk perspective, it is …
Date: September 24, 2007
Creator: AR, HAWKINS
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of the Cask Transportation Facility Modifications (CTFM) compliance to DOE order 6430.1A Project A.5 and A.6 (open access)

Evaluation of the Cask Transportation Facility Modifications (CTFM) compliance to DOE order 6430.1A Project A.5 and A.6

This report was prepared to evaluate the compliance of CTFM to DOE Order 6430.1A. This document presents the results of an evaluation that was performed to assess compliance of the K West (KW) Cask Transportation Facility Modifications (CTFM) designs against applicable requirements of Department of Energy (DOE) Order 6430.1 A, General Design Criteria. This evaluation was grouped under two categories described as Cask Loadout System (CLS) and Cranes/Other Modifications.
Date: April 24, 2000
Creator: ARD, K.E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Heavy-Duty Emissions Control: Plasma-Facilitated vs Reformer-Assisted Lean NOx Catalysis (open access)

Heavy-Duty Emissions Control: Plasma-Facilitated vs Reformer-Assisted Lean NOx Catalysis

Progress has been made in the control of combustion processes to limit the formation of environmentally harmful species, but lean burn vehicles, such as those powered by diesel engines used for the majority of commercial trucking and off-road applications, remain a major source of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) emissions. Tighter control of the combustion process coupled with exhaust gas recirculation has brought emissions in line with 2004 targets worldwide. Additional modifications to the engine control system, somewhat limited NOx control, and PM filters will likely allow the 2007 limits to be met for the on-highway regulations for heavy-duty engines in the United States. Concern arises when the NOx emission limit of 0.2 g/bhphr set for the year 2010 is considered.
Date: August 24, 2003
Creator: Aardahl, C. L.; Rozmiarek, R. T.; Rappe, K. G.; Mendoza, D. P. & Park, P. W.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
LEEM investigations of clean surfaces driven by energetic ion beams (open access)

LEEM investigations of clean surfaces driven by energetic ion beams

The original purpose of this award was to use low&#8208;energy electron microscopy (LEEM) to explore the dynamics of surfaces of clean single crystal surfaces when driven by a beam of energetic ions. The goal was to understand the nanoscience of hyperthermal growth, surface erosion by sublimation and irradiation, operation of surface sinks in irradiated materials, diffusion on driven surfaces, and the creation of structural patterns. This project was based on a novel LEEM system constructed by C. P. Flynn, which provided real&#8208;time imaging of surface dynamics by scattering low energy electrons. With the passing of Prof. Flynn in late 2011, this project was completed under a slightly different scope by constructing a low&#8208;energy, inelastic electron scattering (�EELS�) instrument. Consistent with Flynn�s original objectives for his LEEM system, this device probes the dynamics of crystal surfaces. However the measurements are not carried out in real time, but instead are done in the frequency domain, through the energy lost from the probe electrons. The purpose of this device is to study the collective bosonic excitations in a variety of materials, including high temperature superconductors, topological insulators, carbon allotropes including (but not limited to) graphene, etc. The ultimate goal here is to identify …
Date: April 24, 2013
Creator: Abbamonte, Peter M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Using Cytochrome c{sub 3} to Make Selenium Nanowires (open access)

Using Cytochrome c{sub 3} to Make Selenium Nanowires

We report on a new method to make nanostructures, in this case selenium nanowires, in aqueous solution at room temperature. We used the protein cytochrome c{sub 3} to reduce selenate (SeO{sub 4}{sup 2{minus}}) to selenium (Se{sup 0}). Cytochrome c{sub 3} is known for its ability to catalyze reduction of metals including U{sup VI} {yields} U{sup IV}, Cr{sup VI} {yields} Cr{sup III}, Mo{sup VI} {yields} Mo{sup IV}, Cu{sup II} {yields} Cu{sup 0}, Pb{sup II} {yields} Pb{sup 0}, Hg{sup II} {yields} Hg{sup 0}. Nanoparticles of Se{sup 0} precipitated from an aqueous solution at room temperature, followed by spontaneous self-assembling into nanowires. Cytochrome c{sub 3} was extracted from the sulfate-reducing bacteria Desulfovibrio vulgaris (strain Holdenborough) and isolated by the procedure of DerVartanian and Legall.
Date: November 24, 1999
Creator: Abdelouas, A.; Franco, R.; Gong, W. L.; Lutze, W.; Moura, I. & Shelnutt, John A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Effects of Hydrogen Implantation into GaN (open access)

Effects of Hydrogen Implantation into GaN

Proton implantation in GaN is found to reduce the free carrier density through two mechanisms - first, by creating electron and hole traps at around Ec-0.8eV and Ev+0.9eV that lead to compensation in both n- and p-type material, and second, by leading to formation of (AH)O complexes, where A is any acceptor (Mg, Ca, Zn, Be, Cd). The former mechanism is usefid in creating high resistivity regions for device isolation, whereas the latter produces unintentional acceptor passivation that is detrimental to device performance. The strong affinity of hydrogen for acceptors leads to markedly different redistribution behavior for implanted in n- and p-GaN due to the chemical reaction to form neutral complexes in the latter. The acceptors may be reactivated by simple annealing at 2600{degrees}C, or by electron injection at 25-150{degrees}C that produces debonding of the (AH) centers. Implanted hydrogen is also strongly attracted to regions of strain in heterostructure samples during annealing, leading to pile-up at epi-epi and epi-substrate interfaces. II? spectroscopy shows that implanted hydrogen also decorates VG, defects in undoped and n-GaN.
Date: December 24, 1998
Creator: Abernathy, C.R.; Han, J.; Pearton, S.J.; Shul, R.J.; Song, C.Y.; Stavola, M. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Depth Measurement of Moving Slurry at the Wet End of a Paper Machine (open access)

Depth Measurement of Moving Slurry at the Wet End of a Paper Machine

The paper industry has long had a need to better understand and control its papermaking process upstream, specifically at the wet end in the forming section of a paper machine. A vision-based system is under development that addresses this need by automatically measuring and interpreting the pertinent paper web parameters at the wet end in real time. The wet-end characterization of the paper web by a vision system involves a four-dimensional measurement of the slurry in real time. These measurements include the two-dimensional spatial information, the intensity profile, and the depth profile. This paper describes the real-time depth profile measurement system for the high-speed moving slurry. A laser line-based measurement method is used with a high-speed programmable camera to directly measure slurry height. The camera is programmed with a profile algorithm, producing depth data at fast sampling rates. Analysis and experimentation have been conducted to optimize the system for the characteristics of the slurry and laser line image. On-line experimental results are presented.
Date: January 24, 1999
Creator: Abidi, B. R.; Goddard, J. S., Jr.; Hunt, M. A.; Sari-Sarraf, H. & Turner, J. C.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
A METHODOLOGY FOR DETERMINING THE DOSE RATE FOR BOUNDING MASS LIMITS IN A 9977 PACKAGING (open access)

A METHODOLOGY FOR DETERMINING THE DOSE RATE FOR BOUNDING MASS LIMITS IN A 9977 PACKAGING

The Small Gram Quantity (SGQ) concept is based on the understanding that the hazards associated with the shipment of a radioactive material are directly proportional to its mass. This study describes a methodology that estimates the acceptable masses for several neutron and gamma emitting isotopes that can be shipped in a 9977 Package compliant with the Title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 71 (10CFR71) external radiation level limits. 10CFR71.33 states that a shipping application identifies the radioactive and fissile materials at their maximum quantity and provides an evaluation demonstrating compliance with the external radiation standards. Since rather small amounts of some isotopes emit sufficiently strong radiation to produce a large external dose rate, quantifying of the dose rate for a proposed content is a challenging issue for the SGQ approach. It is essential to quantify external radiation levels from several common gamma and neutron sources that can be safely placed in a specific packaging, to ensure compliance with federal regulations. A methodology was established for determining the dose rate for bounding mass limits for a set of isotopes in the Model 9977 Shipping Package. Calculations were performed to estimate external radiation levels using the MCNP radiation transport …
Date: May 24, 2012
Creator: Abramczyk, G.; Bellamy, S.; Nathan, S. & Loftin, B.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Thin-film characterization and flaw detection. Progress report No. 7, February 1, 1993--January 31, 1994 (open access)

Thin-film characterization and flaw detection. Progress report No. 7, February 1, 1993--January 31, 1994

Objective is to determine the elastic constants of thin films deposited on substrates, measure residual stresses, and detect and characterize defects in thin film substrate configurations. A line-focus acoustic microscope is being used to measure speed of surface acoustic waves (SAW) in thin film/substrate system. V(z) curves (record of transducer voltage output (V) with variation of distance z between acoustic lens and specimen) were calculated in terms of characteristic functions of acoustic lens and reflectance function of fluid-loaded specimen, and were compared with data for isotropic, anisotropic, and layered anisotropic materials. For thin film/substrate of known elasticity, theoretical surface acoustic wave velocities agree with measured V(z) curves for full range of wave propagation directions. Results have been obtained for homogeneous nitride films and transition-metal nitride superlattice films.
Date: November 24, 1993
Creator: Achenbach, J. D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Micro-Grooving and Micro-Threading Tools for Fabricating Curvilinear Features (open access)

Micro-Grooving and Micro-Threading Tools for Fabricating Curvilinear Features

This paper presents techniques for fabricating microscopic, curvilinear features in a variety of workpiece materials. Micro-grooving and micro-threading tools having cutting widths as small as 13 {micro}m are made by focused ion beam sputtering and used for ultra-precision machining. Tool fabrication involves directing a 20 keV gallium beam at polished cylindrical punches made of cobalt M42 high-speed steel or C2 tungsten carbide to create a number of critically aligned facets. Sputtering produces rake facets of desired angle and cutting edges having radii of curvature equal to 0.4 {micro}m. Clearance for minimizing frictional drag of a tool results from a particular ion beam/target geometry that accounts for the sputter yield dependence on incidence angle. It is believed that geometrically specific cutting tools of this dimension have not been made previously. Numerically controlled, ultra-precision machining with micro-grooving tools results in a close match between tool width and feature size. Microtools are used to machine 13 {micro}m wide, 4 {micro}m deep, helical grooves in polymethyl methacrylate and 6061 Al cylindrical workplaces. Micro-grooving tools are also used to fabricate sinusoidal cross-section features in planar metal samples.
Date: July 24, 2000
Creator: Adams, David P.; Vasile, Michael J. & Krishnan, A. S. M.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Optimizing the Delivery of Short-Lived Alpha Particle-Emitting Isotopes to Solid Tumors (open access)

Optimizing the Delivery of Short-Lived Alpha Particle-Emitting Isotopes to Solid Tumors

The underlying hypothesis of this project was that optimal alpha emitter-based radioimmunotherapy (RAIT) could be achieved by pairing the physical half-life of the radioisotope to the biological half-life of the targeting vehicle. The project had two specific aims. The first aim was to create and optimize the therapeutic efficacy of 211At-SAPS-C6.5 diabody conjugates. The second aim was to develop bispecific-targeting strategies that increase the specificity and efficacy of alpha-emitter-based RAIT. In the performance of the first aim, we created 211At-SAPS-C6.5 diabody conjugates that specifically targeted the HER2 tumor associated antigen. In evaluating these immunoconjugates we determined that they were capable of efficient tumor targeting and therapeutic efficacy of established human tumor xenografts growing in immunodeficient mice. We also determined that therapeutic doses were associated with late renal toxicity, likely due to the role of the kidneys in the systemic elimination o f these agents. We are currently performing more studies focused on better understanding the observed toxicity. In the second aim, we successfully generated bispecific single-chain Fv (bs-scFv) molecules that co-targeted HER2 and HER3 or HER2 and HER4. The in vitro kinetics and in vivo tumor-targeting properties of these molecules were evaluated. These studies revealed that the bs-scFv molecules selectively …
Date: November 24, 2004
Creator: Adams, Gregory P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Recommended technical specifications for first generation test surface and subsurface markers (open access)

Recommended technical specifications for first generation test surface and subsurface markers

Federal regulations and Rockwell Hanford Operations (Rockwell) planning documents require that radioactive waste sites disposed in-place be permanently marked. A number of technical studies have addressed the materials to be used for permanent markers as well as the design configurations. Criteria and standards for markers have also been prepared and issued in draft form. The next step in marker development requires laboratory and field testing of prototype markers. This document provides design specifications for the first generation surface and subsurface markers. At the conclusion of testing activities, definitive specifications can be prepared. Included herein are specifications for marker placement, marker materials, marker configuration and dimensions and marker messages. This document presents specifications only and does not provide rationale or justification for the specifications. Such rationale and justification is available in referenced documents.
Date: April 24, 1984
Creator: Adams, M. R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Year 2000 TWRS Maintenance procedure review report (open access)

Year 2000 TWRS Maintenance procedure review report

A concern exists that some equipment in use might contain microprocessors that are dependent upon a time date function. The majority of the software programming for microprocessors has only utilized a 2 digit identifier for the year. With the approach of the year 2000, (Y2K), there is concern that the date function will not be correctly recognized and some functions will not operate properly. TWRS maintenance procedures have been reviewed to identify equipment components that may not be Y2K compliant. Engineering judgment was utilized to eliminate procedures and equipment that is obviously not impacted by Y2K.
Date: February 24, 1999
Creator: Adams, M. R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Estimate of Hazard Produced by Accidental Release of Gaseous Fission Products from an ORR Fused Salt Capsule Experiment (open access)

Estimate of Hazard Produced by Accidental Release of Gaseous Fission Products from an ORR Fused Salt Capsule Experiment

An accidental release of gaseous fission products from an ORR fused salt capsule, containing 26 mg. of U/sup 235/, was postulated and the resuiting hazard estimated by calculating the maximum external and internal dose an individual could receive from exposure to the gaseous fission products and their decay products. Assuming all the contained gaseous fission produets are released, the resulting external and internal dosc, to organs other than the thyroid, arc insignificant. The dose to the thyroid by radioiodine is considered to be significant. By retaining at least 90% of the iodine isotopes in the experiment system through use of an iodine trap, a large reduction in both the external whole body and internal thyroid doses may be achieved. Therefore, assuming an iodine trap is utilized, it appears that the consequences of am accidental gaseous fission product release from an ORR fused salt capsule experiment would not be serious. (auth)
Date: April 24, 1959
Creator: Adams, R. E. & Browning, W. E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Biological Monitoring Program for East Fork Poplar Creek (open access)

Biological Monitoring Program for East Fork Poplar Creek

In May 1985, a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit was issued for the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant. As a condition of the permit a Biological Monitoring and Abatement Program (BMAP) was developed to demonstrate that the effluent limitations established for the Y- 12 Plant protect the classified uses of the receiving stream (East Fork Poplar Creek; EFPC), in particular, the growth and propagation of aquatic life (Lear et al. 1989). A second objective of the BMAP is to document the ecological effects resulting from the implementation of a water pollution control program designed to eliminate direct discharges of wastewaters to EFPC and to minimize the inadvertent release of pollutants to the environment. Because of the complex nature of the discharges to EFPC and the temporal and spatial variability in the composition of the discharges, a comprehensive, integrated approach to biological monitoring was developed. A new permit was issued to the Y-12 Plant on April 28, 1995 and became effective on July 1, 1995. Biological monitoring continues to be required under the new permit. The BMAP consists of four major tasks that reflect different but complementary approaches to evaluating the effects of the Y-12 Plant discharges on the aquatic …
Date: October 24, 1997
Creator: Adams, S. M.; Ashwood, T. L.; Beaty, T. W. & Brandt, C. C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
INDEPENDENT VERIFICATION SURVEY REPORT FOR THE OPERABLE UNIT-1 LANDFILL TRENCHES, MIAMISBURG CLOSURE PROJECT (open access)

INDEPENDENT VERIFICATION SURVEY REPORT FOR THE OPERABLE UNIT-1 LANDFILL TRENCHES, MIAMISBURG CLOSURE PROJECT

INDEPENDENT VERIFICATION SURVEY REPORT FOR THE OPERABLE UNIT-1 LANDFILL TRENCHES, MIAMISBURG CLOSURE PROJECT, MIAMISBURG, OHIO DCN: 0468-SR-02-0
Date: May 24, 2010
Creator: Adams, W. C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
LETTER REPORT. INDEPENDENT CONFIRMATORY SURVEY RESULTS OF SOILS ASSOCIATED WITH THE ARGYLE STREET SEWER LINE AT THE UNITED NUCLEAR CORPORATION NAVAL PRODUCTS SITE, NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT (open access)

LETTER REPORT. INDEPENDENT CONFIRMATORY SURVEY RESULTS OF SOILS ASSOCIATED WITH THE ARGYLE STREET SEWER LINE AT THE UNITED NUCLEAR CORPORATION NAVAL PRODUCTS SITE, NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT

Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) personnel visited the United Nuclear Corporation (UNC) Naval Products site on three separate occasions during the months of October and November 2011. The purpose of these visits was to conduct confirmatory surveys of soils associated with the Argyle Street sewer line that was being removed. Soil samples were collected from six different, judgmentally determined locations in the Argyle Street sewer trench. In addition to the six soil samples collected by ORISE, four replicate soil samples were collected by Cabrera Services, Inc. (CSI) for analysis by the ORISE laboratory. Replicate samples S0010 and S0011 were final status survey (FSS) bias samples; S0012 was an FSS systematic sample; and S0015 was a waste characterization sample. Six soil samples were also collected for background determination. Uranium-235 and uranium-238 concentrations were determined via gamma spectroscopy; the spectra were also reviewed for other identifiable photopeaks. Radionuclide concentrations for these soil samples are provided. In addition to the replicate samples and the samples collected by ORISE, CSI submitted three soil samples for inter-laboratory comparison analyses. One sample was from the background reference area, one was from waste characterization efforts (material inside the sewer line), and one was a …
Date: January 24, 2012
Creator: Adams, Wade C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
DWPF GLASS BEADS AND GLASS FRIT TRANSPORT DEMONSTRATION (open access)

DWPF GLASS BEADS AND GLASS FRIT TRANSPORT DEMONSTRATION

DWPF is considering replacing irregularly shaped glass frit with spherical glass beads in the Slurry Mix Evaporator (SME) process to decrease the yield stress of the melter feed (a non-Newtonian Bingham Plastic). Pilot-scale testing was conducted on spherical glass beads and glass frit to determine how well the glass beads would transfer when compared to the glass frit. Process Engineering Development designed and constructed the test apparatus to aid in the understanding and impacts that spherical glass beads may have on the existing DWPF Frit Transfer System. Testing was conducted to determine if the lines would plug with the glass beads and the glass frit slurry and what is required to unplug the lines. The flow loop consisted of vertical and horizontal runs of clear PVC piping, similar in geometry to the existing system. Two different batches of glass slurry were tested: a batch of 50 wt% spherical glass beads and a batch of 50 wt% glass frit in process water. No chemicals such as formic acid was used in slurry, only water and glass formers. The glass beads used for this testing were commercially available borosilicate glass of mesh size -100+200. The glass frit was Frit 418 obtained from …
Date: November 24, 2008
Creator: Adamson, D & Bradley Pickenheim, B
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Development of a video-based slurry sensor for on-line ash analysis. Second quarterly technical progress report, January 1, 1995--March 31, 1995 (open access)

Development of a video-based slurry sensor for on-line ash analysis. Second quarterly technical progress report, January 1, 1995--March 31, 1995

Automatic control of fine coal cleaning circuits has traditionally been limited by the lack of sensors for on-line ash analysis. Although several nuclear-based analyzers are available, none have seen widespread acceptance. This is largely due to the fact that nuclear sensors are expensive and tend to be influenced by changes in seam type and pyrite content. Recently, researchers at VPI&SU have developed an optical sensor for phosphate analysis. The sensor uses image processing technology to analyze video images of phosphate ore. It is currently being used by Texasgulf for off-line analysis of dry flotation concentrates. The primary advantages of optical sensors over nuclear sensors are that they are significantly cheaper, are not subject to measurement variations due to changes in high atomic number minerals, are inherently safer and require no special radiation permitting. Purpose of this work is to apply the knowledge gained in the development of an optical phosphate analyzer to the development of an on-line ash analyzer for fine coal slurries. During the past quarter, tests were performed on two prototype sample presentation systems for the optical analyzer. Preliminary results indicate that the flow of slurry past the camera lens is too consistent to provide reliable results. A …
Date: April 24, 1995
Creator: Adel, G. T. & Luttrell, G. H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library