Within the last few years, there have also appeared in the Heavy-Ion Fusion literature several studies of targets which have outer tampers. One-dimensional simulations indicate higher target gains with a judicious amount of tamping. But for these targets, a full investigation has not been carried through in regards to conservative criteria for fluid instabilities as well as reasonable imperfections in target fabrication and illumination symmetry which all affect target ignition and burn. Comparisons of these results with the gain survey of Part I would have to be performed with care. These calculations suggest that experiments relating to high temperature disk heating, as well as beam deposition, focusing and transport can be performed within the context of current design proposals for accelerator test-facilities. Since the test-facilities have lower ion kinetic energy and beam pulse power as compared to reactor drivers, we achieve high-beam intensities at the focal spot by using short focal distance and properly designed beam optics.

Theoretical work on heavy-ion deposition physics continues at several US laboratories. For example, simulations of charge-state evolution during initial phases of beam-target interactions are suggestive that equilibrium charge is reached only after a substantial fraction of the ion range. Thus we expect reduced interactions and energy loss to the blow-off plasma and also to the tampers in the case of tamped targets. Studies of plasma effects of beam-target interactions are still relevant. But recent result of high current density experiments (250 kA/cm/sup 2/) with a deuteron beam at the Naval Research Laboratory are indicative of classical deposition for finite temperature plasmas. Moreover, presently we expect heavy-ion beams to have even more stable beam-target interactions than deuterons. Further experimental and accompanying theoretical studies would be very useful.