746 Matching Results

Results open in a new window/tab.

Air to Blood Distribution of Volatile Organic Compounds: A Linear Free Energy Analysis (open access)

Air to Blood Distribution of Volatile Organic Compounds: A Linear Free Energy Analysis

Article on air to blood distribution of volatile organic compounds and a linear free energy analysis.
Date: April 23, 2005
Creator: Abraham, M. H. (Michael H.); Ibrahim, Adam & Acree, William E. (William Eugene)
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Electroweak physics: measurement of the forward-backward charge asymmetry of electron-positron pairs in p anti-p collisions at s**(1/2) = 1.96 tev (open access)

Electroweak physics: measurement of the forward-backward charge asymmetry of electron-positron pairs in p anti-p collisions at s**(1/2) = 1.96 tev

We report a measurement of the forward-backward charge asymmetry of electrons from W boson decays in p{bar p} collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV using a data sample of 170 pb{sup -1} collected by the Collider Detector at Fermilab. The asymmetry is measured as a function of electron rapidity and transverse energy and provides new input on the momentum fraction dependence of the u and d quark parton distribution functions within the proton.
Date: February 23, 2005
Creator: Acosta, D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Energy Saving Potentials and Air Quality Benefits of Urban HeatIslandMitigation (open access)

Energy Saving Potentials and Air Quality Benefits of Urban HeatIslandMitigation

Urban areas tend to have higher air temperatures than their rural surroundings as a result of gradual surface modifications that include replacing the natural vegetation with buildings and roads. The term ''Urban Heat Island'' describes this phenomenon. The surfaces of buildings and pavements absorb solar radiation and become extremely hot, which in turn warm the surrounding air. Cities that have been ''paved over'' do not receive the benefit of the natural cooling effect of vegetation. As the air temperature rises, so does the demand for air-conditioning (a/c). This leads to higher emissions from power plants, as well as increased smog formation as a result of warmer temperatures. In the United States, we have found that this increase in air temperature is responsible for 5-10% of urban peak electric demand for a/c use, and as much as 20% of population-weighted smog concentrations in urban areas. Simple ways to cool the cities are the use of reflective surfaces (rooftops and pavements) and planting of urban vegetation. On a large scale, the evapotranspiration from vegetation and increased reflection of incoming solar radiation by reflective surfaces will cool a community a few degrees in the summer. As an example, computer simulations for Los Angeles, …
Date: August 23, 2005
Creator: Akbari, Hashem
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Aging and weathering of cool roofing membranes (open access)

Aging and weathering of cool roofing membranes

Aging and weathering can reduce the solar reflectance of cool roofing materials. This paper summarizes laboratory measurements of the solar spectral reflectance of unweathered, weathered, and cleaned samples collected from single-ply roofing membranes at various sites across the United States. Fifteen samples were examined in each of the following six conditions: unweathered; weathered; weathered and brushed; weathered, brushed and then rinsed with water; weathered, brushed, rinsed with water, and then washed with soap and water; and weathered, brushed, rinsed with water, washed with soap and water, and then washed with an algaecide. Another 25 samples from 25 roofs across the United States and Canada were measured in their unweathered state, weathered, and weathered and wiped. We document reduction in reflectivity resulted from various soiling mechanisms and provide data on the effectiveness of various cleaning approaches. Results indicate that although the majority of samples after being washed with detergent could be brought to within 90% of their unweathered reflectivity, in some instances an algaecide was required to restore this level of reflectivity.
Date: August 23, 2005
Creator: Akbari, Hashem; Berhe, Asmeret A.; Levinson, Ronnen; Graveline,Stanley; Foley, Kevin; Delgado, Ana H. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Cool Colored Roofs to Save Energy and Improve Air Quality (open access)

Cool Colored Roofs to Save Energy and Improve Air Quality

Urban areas tend to have higher air temperatures than their rural surroundings as a result of gradual surface modifications that include replacing the natural vegetation with buildings and roads. The term ''Urban Heat Island'' describes this phenomenon. The surfaces of buildings and pavements absorb solar radiation and become extremely hot, which in turn warm the surrounding air. Cities that have been ''paved over'' do not receive the benefit of the natural cooling effect of vegetation. As the air temperature rises, so does the demand for air-conditioning (a/c). This leads to higher emissions from power plants, as well as increased smog formation as a result of warmer temperatures. In the United States, we have found that this increase in air temperature is responsible for 5-10% of urban peak electric demand for a/c use, and as much as 20% of population-weighted smog concentrations in urban areas. Simple ways to cool the cities are the use of reflective surfaces (rooftops and pavements) and planting of urban vegetation. On a large scale, the evapotranspiration from vegetation and increased reflection of incoming solar radiation by reflective surfaces will cool a community a few degrees in the summer. As an example, computer simulations for Los Angeles, …
Date: August 23, 2005
Creator: Akbari, Hashem; Levinson, Ronnen; Miller, William & Berdahl, Paul
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 20, No. 23, Ed. 1 Thursday, June 23, 2005 (open access)

Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 20, No. 23, Ed. 1 Thursday, June 23, 2005

Weekly newspaper from Timpson, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: June 23, 2005
Creator: Alexander, Nancy
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 20, No. 47, Ed. 1 Wednesday, November 23, 2005 (open access)

Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 20, No. 47, Ed. 1 Wednesday, November 23, 2005

Weekly newspaper from Timpson, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: November 23, 2005
Creator: Alexander, Nancy
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Environmental Monitoring Plan (open access)

Environmental Monitoring Plan

The purpose of the environmental monitoring plan (EMP) is to promote the early identification of, and response to, potential adverse environmental impacts associated with DOE operations. Environmental monitoring supports the Integrated Safety Management System (ISMS) to detect, characterize, and respond to releases from DOE activities; assess impacts; estimate dispersal patterns in the environment; characterize the pathways of exposure to members of the public; characterize the exposures and doses to individuals and to the population; and to evaluate the potential impacts to the biota in the vicinity of the DOE activity. In addition, the EMP addresses the analytical work supporting environmental monitoring to ensure the following: (1) A consistent system for collecting, assessing, and documenting environmental data of known and documented quality; (2) A validated and consistent approach for sampling and analysis of radionuclide samples to ensure laboratory data meets program-specific needs and requirements within the framework of a performance-based approach for analytical laboratory work; and (3) An integrated sampling approach to avoid duplicative data collection. Until recently, environmental monitoring at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) was required by DOE Order 5400.1, which was canceled in January 2003. LLNL is in the process of adopting the ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems …
Date: November 23, 2005
Creator: Althouse, P. E.; Bertoldo, N. A.; Bowen, B. M.; Brown, R. A.; Campbell, C. G.; Christofferson, E. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Compatibility and Outgassing Studies for Directed Stockpile Work (FY05) (open access)

Compatibility and Outgassing Studies for Directed Stockpile Work (FY05)

Compatibility and outgassing studies of non-nuclear materials were carried out in support of the W80 Life Extension Program. These studies included small-scale laboratory experiments as well as participation in Sandia's Materials Aging and Compatibility test (MAC-1). Analysis of the outgassing signature of removable epoxy foam (REF) revealed unusually high levels of volatile organic compounds in the material. REF was replaced with the polyurethane PMDI. Laboratory compatibility tests of high priority materials were performed and revealed incompatibilities between Viton A (LX-07 binder) and syntactic polysulfide as well as Viton A and REF. With the removal of REF from the system, the incompatibility with Viton A is not an issue. In the case of the viton/polysulfide, both of these materials have a history of reliability in the stockpile, and the observed results, while scientifically interesting, appear to be a laboratory anomaly. Participation in the MAC-1 test led to a detailed study of Viton A degradation. At elevated temperatures up to 70 C, the Viton A samples darkened and exhibited increased crosslinking. Laboratory experiments were pursued to correlate the observed changes to exposure to specific compounds that were present in the MAC-1 canister atmospheres. Exposure to siloxanes resulted in changes similar to those …
Date: November 23, 2005
Creator: Alviso, C; Harvey, C & Vance, A
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Outgassing Studies of Foams for the W80 LEP (FY05) (open access)

Outgassing Studies of Foams for the W80 LEP (FY05)

Removable epoxy foam (REF) is a novel material developed by researchers at Sandia National Laboratories to simplify the removal of encapsulants from electronic components [McElhanon, et al., Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2002, 85, 1496-1502]. The material is based on a resin that includes a thermally reversible chemical bond. When the material is heated at relatively mild temperatures ({approx}50-90 C) in the presence of appropriate solvents, the reversible bonds are broken, and the material is easily rinsed away. In order to ease the removal of the encapsulant for surveillance purposes, it was proposed to use REF in the W80 LEP in place of the polyurethane TDI (toluene diisocyanate), which is being phased out at the Kansas City Plant due to toxicity concerns. Colleagues at Sandia noted that REF exhibited especially high outgassing of the liquid fluorinert, FC-72, which is used at a level of 5 wt% as the blowing agent in the foaming process. After obtaining a sample of the material from Sandia, headspace solid phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME GC/MS) measurements were performed. These measurements revealed significant outgassing of fluorinert as well as other solvents and siloxanes [Memo, Vance, 3/3/05 & Vance, Foam PRT presentation UCRL-PRES-212462]. This report …
Date: November 23, 2005
Creator: Alviso, C; Harvey, C & Vance, A
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 106, No. 247, Ed. 1 Sunday, January 23, 2005 (open access)

Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 106, No. 247, Ed. 1 Sunday, January 23, 2005

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 23, 2005
Creator: Andrews, Mike
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 106, No. 274, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 23, 2005 (open access)

Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 106, No. 274, Ed. 1 Wednesday, February 23, 2005

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: February 23, 2005
Creator: Andrews, Mike
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 106, No. 297, Ed. 1 Wednesday, March 23, 2005 (open access)

Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 106, No. 297, Ed. 1 Wednesday, March 23, 2005

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: March 23, 2005
Creator: Andrews, Mike
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 107, No. 44, Ed. 1 Monday, May 23, 2005 (open access)

Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 107, No. 44, Ed. 1 Monday, May 23, 2005

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: May 23, 2005
Creator: Andrews, Mike
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 107, No. 70, Ed. 1 Thursday, June 23, 2005 (open access)

Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 107, No. 70, Ed. 1 Thursday, June 23, 2005

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: June 23, 2005
Creator: Andrews, Mike
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 107, No. 122, Ed. 1 Tuesday, August 23, 2005 (open access)

Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 107, No. 122, Ed. 1 Tuesday, August 23, 2005

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: August 23, 2005
Creator: Andrews, Mike
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The United Kingdom: Issues for the United States (open access)

The United Kingdom: Issues for the United States

This report assesses the current state of U.S.-UK relations. It examines the pressures confronting London as it attempts to balance its interests between the United States and the EU, and the prospects for the future of the U.S.-UK partnership. It also describes UK views on political, security, and economic issues of particular importance to the United States, and their implications for U.S. policy.
Date: September 23, 2005
Creator: Archick, Kristin
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
IDENTIFICATION OF AIRCRAFT HAZARDS (open access)

IDENTIFICATION OF AIRCRAFT HAZARDS

Aircraft hazards were determined to be potentially applicable to a repository at Yucca Mountain in the ''Monitored Geological Repository External Events Hazards Screening Analysis'' (BSC 2004, Section 6.4.1). That determination was conservatively based on limited knowledge of flight data in the area of concern and on crash data for aircraft of the type flying near Yucca Mountain. The purpose of this report is to identify specific aircraft hazards that may be applicable to a Monitored Geologic Repository (MGR) at Yucca Mountain using NUREG-0800, ''Standard Review Plan for the Review of Safety Analysis Reports for Nuclear Power Plants'' (NRC 1987, Section 3.5.1.6), as guidance for the inclusion or exclusion of identified aircraft hazards. NUREG-0800 is being used here as a reference because some of the same considerations apply. The intended use of this report is to provide inputs for further screening and analysis of the identified aircraft hazards based on the criteria that apply to Category 1 and 2 event sequence analyses as defined in 10 CFR 63.2 (see Section 4). The scope of this technical report includes the evaluation of military, private, and commercial use of airspace in the 100-mile regional setting of the MGR at Yucca Mountain with the …
Date: March 23, 2005
Creator: Ashley, K. L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Measurement of the Branching Ratios Gamma(D*+s -> D+s pi0)/Gamma(D*+s ->D+s gamma) and Gamma(D*0 ->D0 pi0)/Gamma(D*0 -> D0gamma) (open access)

Measurement of the Branching Ratios Gamma(D*+s -> D+s pi0)/Gamma(D*+s ->D+s gamma) and Gamma(D*0 ->D0 pi0)/Gamma(D*0 -> D0gamma)

Data samples corresponding to the isospin-violating decay D*{sub s}{sup +} {yields} D{sub s}{sup +}{pi}{sup 0} and the decays D*{sub s}{sup +} {yields} D{sub s}{sup +}, D*{sup 0} {yields} D{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0} and D*{sup 0} {yields} D{sup 0}{gamma} are reconstructed using 90.4 fb{sup -1} of data recorded by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e{sup +}e{sup -} collider. The following branching ratios are extracted: {Lambda}(D*{sub s}{sup +} {yields} D{sub s}{sup +}{pi}{sup 0})/{Lambda}(D*{sub s}{sup +} {yields} D{sub s}{sup +}{gamma}) = 0.062 {+-} 0.005(stat.) {+-} 0.006(syst.) and {Lambda}(D*{sup 0} {yields} D{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0})/{Lambda}(D*{sup 0} {yields} D{sup 0}{gamma}) = 1.74 {+-} 0.02(stat.) {+-} 0.13(syst.). Both measurements represent significant improvements over present world averages.
Date: August 23, 2005
Creator: Aubert, B.; Barate, R.; Boutigny, D.; Couderc, F.; Karyotakis, Y.; Lees, J. P. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Measurement of Time-Dependent CP-Violating Asymmetries in B^0 Meson Decays to eta' K^0_L (open access)

Measurement of Time-Dependent CP-Violating Asymmetries in B^0 Meson Decays to eta' K^0_L

The authors present a preliminary measurement of CP-violating parameters S and C from fits of the time-dependence of B{sup 0} meson decays to {eta}'K{sub L}{sup 0}. The data were recorded with the BABAR detector at PEP-II and correspond to 232 x 10{sup 6} B{bar B} pairs produced in e{sup +}e{sup -} annihilation through the {Upsilon}(4S) resonance. By fitting the time-dependent CP asymmetry of the reconstructed B{sup 0} {yields} {eta}'K{sub L}{sup 0} events, they find S = 0.60 {+-} 0.31 {+-} 0.04 and C = 0.10 {+-} 0.21 {+-} 0.03, where the first error quoted is statistical and the second is systematic. They also perform a combined fit using both {eta}'K{sub S}{sup 0} and {eta}'K{sub L}{sup 0} data, and find S = 0.36 {+-} 0.13 {+-} 0.03 and C = -0.16 {+-} 0.09 {+-} 0.02.
Date: August 23, 2005
Creator: Aubert, B.; Barate, R.; Boutigny, D.; Couderc, F.; Karyotakis, Y.; Lees, J. P. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Oxidation Resistance of Ru-Capped EUV Multilayers (open access)

Oxidation Resistance of Ru-Capped EUV Multilayers

Differently prepared Ru-capping layers, deposited on Mo/Si EUV multilayers, have been characterized using a suite of metrologies to establish their baseline structural, optical, and surface properties in as-deposited state. Same capping layer structures were tested for their thermal stability and oxidation resistance. Post-mortem characterization identified changes due to accelerated tests. The best performing Ru-capping layer structure was studied in detail with transmission electron microscopy to identify the grain microstructure and texture. This information is essential for modeling and performance optimization of EUVL multilayers.
Date: February 23, 2005
Creator: Bajt, S.; Dai, Z.; Nelson, E. J.; Wall, M. A.; Alameda, J.; Nguyen, N. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
An assumed partition algorithm for determining processor inter-communication (open access)

An assumed partition algorithm for determining processor inter-communication

The recent advent of parallel machines with tens of thousands of processors is presenting new challenges for obtaining scalability. A particular challenge for large-scale scientific software is determining the inter-processor communications required by the computation when a global description of the data is unavailable or too costly to store. We present a type of rendezvous algorithm that determines communication partners in a scalable manner by assuming the global distribution of the data. We demonstrate the scaling properties of the algorithm on up to 32,000 processors in the context of determining communication patterns for a matrix-vector multiply in the hypre software library. Our algorithm is very general and is applicable to a variety of situations in parallel computing.
Date: September 23, 2005
Creator: Baker, A H; Falgout, R D & Yang, U M
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Scalable Parallel Algebraic Multigrid Solvers (open access)

Scalable Parallel Algebraic Multigrid Solvers

The authors propose a parallel algebraic multilevel algorithm (AMG), which has the novel feature that the subproblem residing in each processor is defined over the entire partition domain, although the vast majority of unknowns for each subproblem are associated with the partition owned by the corresponding processor. This feature ensures that a global coarse description of the problem is contained within each of the subproblems. The advantages of this approach are that interprocessor communication is minimized in the solution process while an optimal order of convergence rate is preserved; and the speed of local subproblem solvers can be maximized using the best existing sequential algebraic solvers.
Date: March 23, 2005
Creator: Bank, R; Lu, S; Tong, C & Vassilevski, P
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Linear Response to Perturbation of Nonexponential Renewal Processes (open access)

Linear Response to Perturbation of Nonexponential Renewal Processes

This article discusses the linear response to perturbation of nonexponential renewal processes.
Date: November 23, 2005
Creator: Barbi, Francesco; Bologna, Mauro & Grigolini, Paolo
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library