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International linear collider reference design report
The International Linear Collider will give physicists a new cosmic doorway to explore energy regimes beyond the reach of today's accelerators. A proposed electron-positron collider, the ILC will complement the Large Hadron Collider, a proton-proton collider at the European Center for Nuclear Research (CERN) in Geneva, Switzerland, together unlocking some of the deepest mysteries in the universe. With LHC discoveries pointing the way, the ILC -- a true precision machine -- will provide the missing pieces of the puzzle. Consisting of two linear accelerators that face each other, the ILC will hurl some 10 billion electrons and their anti-particles, positrons, toward each other at nearly the speed of light. Superconducting accelerator cavities operating at temperatures near absolute zero give the particles more and more energy until they smash in a blazing crossfire at the centre of the machine. Stretching approximately 35 kilometres in length, the beams collide 14,000 times every second at extremely high energies -- 500 billion-electron-volts (GeV). Each spectacular collision creates an array of new particles that could answer some of the most fundamental questions of all time. The current baseline design allows for an upgrade to a 50-kilometre, 1 trillion-electron-volt (TeV) machine during the second stage of …
Date:
June 22, 2007
Creator:
Aarons, G.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Progress on H5Part: A Portable High Performance Parallel DataInterface for Electromagnetics Simulations
Significant problems facing all experimental andcomputationalsciences arise from growing data size and complexity. Commonto allthese problems is the need to perform efficient data I/O ondiversecomputer architectures. In our scientific application, thelargestparallel particle simulations generate vast quantitiesofsix-dimensional data. Such a simulation run produces data foranaggregate data size up to several TB per run. Motived by the needtoaddress data I/O and access challenges, we have implemented H5Part,anopen source data I/O API that simplifies the use of the HierarchicalDataFormat v5 library (HDF5). HDF5 is an industry standard forhighperformance, cross-platform data storage and retrieval that runsonall contemporary architectures from large parallel supercomputerstolaptops. H5Part, which is oriented to the needs of the particlephysicsand cosmology communities, provides support for parallelstorage andretrieval of particles, structured and in the future unstructuredmeshes.In this paper, we describe recent work focusing on I/O supportforparticles and structured meshes and provide data showing performance onmodernsupercomputer architectures like the IBM POWER 5.
Date:
June 22, 2007
Creator:
Adelmann, Andreas; Gsell, Achim; Oswald, Benedikt; Schietinger,Thomas; Bethel, Wes; Shalf, John et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A High Temperature Phase Transition in Weakly Coupled Large N Gauge Theories on a Three-sphere
We argue that weakly coupled 3+1 dimensional large N SU(N) gauge theories, with 't Hooft coupling {gamma}, compactified on a three-sphere of radius R, exhibit a novel second order phase transition at a temperature T{sub c} = C{radical}{gamma} R. The known constant C depends on the details of the gauge theory. The phase transition is characterized by a change in the eigenvalue distributions of the fields. Above the transition, the only eigenvalues which condense are those of the lowest Kaluza-Klein mode of the spatial gauge field Ai on the three-sphere. Below the transition the eigenvalues of the lowest Kaluza-Klein mode of an additional field condense. We discuss in particular the examples of pure Yang-Mills theory and of the N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory.
Date:
June 22, 2007
Creator:
Aharony, Ofer & Hartnoll, Sean A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Global Cooling: Effect of Urban Albedo on Global Temperature
In many urban areas, pavements and roofs constitute over 60% of urban surfaces (roof 20-25%, pavements about 40%). The roof and the pavement albedo can be increased by about 0.25 and 0.10, respectively, resulting in a net albedo increase for urban areas of about 0.1. Many studies have demonstrated building cooling-energy savings in excess of 20% upon raising roof reflectivity from an existing 10-20% to about 60%. We estimate U.S. potential savings in excess of $1 billion (B) per year in net annual energy bills. Increasing albedo of urban surfaces can reduce the summertime urban temperature and improve the urban air quality. Increasing the urban albedo has the added benefit of reflecting more of the incoming global solar radiation and countering the effect of global warming. We estimate that increasing albedo of urban areas by 0.1 results in an increase of 3 x 10{sup -4} in Earth albedo. Using a simple global model, the change in air temperature in lowest 1.8 km of the atmosphere is estimated at 0.01K. Modelers predict a warming of about 3K in the next 60 years (0.05K/year). Change of 0.1 in urban albedo will result in 0.01K global cooling, a delay of {approx}0.2 years in …
Date:
May 22, 2007
Creator:
Akbari, Hashem; Menon, Surabi & Rosenfeld, Arthur
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of a Novel Catalyst for NO Decomposition
Air pollution arising from the emission of nitrogen oxides as a result of combustion taking place in boilers, furnaces and engines, has increasingly been recognized as a problem. New methods to remove NO{sub x} emissions significantly and economically must be developed. The current technology for post-combustion removal of NO is the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO by ammonia or possibly by a hydrocarbon such as methane. The catalytic decomposition of NO to give N{sub 2} will be preferable to the SCR process because it will eliminate the costs and operating problems associated with the use of an external reducing species. The most promising decomposition catalysts are transition metal (especially copper)-exchanged zeolites, perovskites, and noble metals supported on metal oxides such as alumina, silica, and ceria. The main shortcoming of the noble metal reducible oxide (NMRO) catalysts is that they are prone to deactivation by oxygen. It has been reported that catalysts containing tin oxide show oxygen adsorption behavior that may involve hydroxyl groups attached to the tin oxide. This is different than that observed with other noble metal-metal oxide combinations, which have the oxygen adsorbing on the noble metal and subsequently spilling over to the metal oxide. This observation …
Date:
June 22, 2007
Creator:
Akyurtlu, Ates & Akyurtlu, Jale F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 23, No. 8, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 22, 2007
Weekly newspaper from Timpson, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
February 22, 2007
Creator:
Alexander, Nancy
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 24, No. 12, Ed. 1 Thursday, March 22, 2007
Weekly newspaper from Timpson, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
March 22, 2007
Creator:
Alexander, Nancy
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 25, No. 47, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 22, 2007
Weekly newspaper from Timpson, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
November 22, 2007
Creator:
Alexander, Nancy
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Semiclassical (SC) Description of Electronically Non-AdiabaticDynamics via the Initial Value Representation (IVR)
The initial value representation (IVR) of semiclassical (SC) theory is used in conjunction with the Meyer-Miller/Stock-Thoss description of electronic degrees of freedom in order to treat electronically non-adiabatic processes. It is emphasized that the classical equations of motion for the nuclear and electronic degrees of freedom that emerge in this description are precisely the Ehrenfest equations of motion (the force on the nuclei is the force averaged over the electronic wavefunction), but that the trajectories given by these equations of motion do not have the usual shortcomings of the traditional Ehrenfest model when they are used within the SC-IVR framework. For example, in the traditional Ehrenfest model (a mixed quantum-classical approach) the nuclear motion emerges from a non-adiabatic encounter on an average potential energy surface (a weighted average according to the population in the various electronic states), while the SC-IVR describes the correct correlation between electronic and nuclear dynamics, i.e., the nuclear motion is on one potential energy surface or the other depending on the electronic state. Calculations using forward-backward versions of SC-IVR theory (FB-IVR) are presented to illustrate this behavior. An even more approximate version of the SC-IVR, the linearized approximation (LSC-IVR), is slightly better than the traditional Ehrenfest …
Date:
June 22, 2007
Creator:
Ananth, V.; Venkataraman, C. & Miller, W. H.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Thermal Diffusivity and Conductivity Measurements in Diamond Anvil Cells
We have undertaken a study of the feasibility of an innovative method for the determination of thermal properties of materials at extreme conditions. Our approach is essentiality an extension of the flash method to the geometry of the diamond-anvil cell and our ultimate goal is to greatly enlarge the pressure and temperature range over which thermal properties can be investigated. More specifically, we have performed test experiments to establish a technique for probing thermal diffusivity on samples of dimensions compatible with the physical constraints of the diamond anvil cell.
Date:
February 22, 2007
Creator:
Antonangeli, D & Farber, D L
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Proton Form Factors Measurements in the Time-Like Region
I present an overview of the measurement of the proton form factors in the time-like region. BABAR has recently measured with great accuracy the e{sup +}e{sup -} {yields} p{bar p} reaction from production threshold up to an energy of {approx} 4.5 GeV, finding evidence for a ratio of the electric to magnetic form factor greater than unity, contrary to expectation. In agreement with previous measurements, BABAR confirmed the steep rise of the magnetic form factor close to the p{bar p} mass threshold, suggesting the possible presence of an under-threshold N{bar N} vector state. These and other open questions related to the nucleon form factors both in the time-like and space-like region, wait for more data with different experimental techniques to be possibly solved.
Date:
October 22, 2007
Creator:
Anulli, F.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cleanup Verification Package for the 100-F-20, Pacific Northwest Laboratory Parallel Pits
This cleanup verification package documents completion of remedial action for the 100-F-20, Pacific Northwest Laboratory Parallel Pits waste site. This waste site consisted of two earthen trenches thought to have received both radioactive and nonradioactive material related to the 100-F Experimental Animal Farm.
Date:
January 22, 2007
Creator:
Appel, M. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Strategic Petroleum Reserve: History, Perspectives, and Issues
None
Date:
February 22, 2007
Creator:
Bamberger, Robert & Beherens, Carl E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Panola Watchman (Carthage, Tex.), Vol. 135, No. 53, Ed. 1 Sunday, July 22, 2007
Semiweekly newspaper from Carthage, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
July 22, 2007
Creator:
Barlish, Becky
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Persistent Monitoring Platforms Final Report
This project was inspired and motivated by the need to provide better platforms for persistent surveillance. In the years since the inception of this work, the need for persistence of surveillance platforms has become even more widely appreciated, both within the defense community and the intelligence community. One of the most demanding technical requirements for such a platform involves the power plant and energy storage system, and this project concentrated almost exclusively on the technology associated with this system for a solar powered, high altitude, unmanned aircraft. An important realization for the feasibility of such solar powered aircraft, made at the outset of this project, was that thermal energy may be stored with higher specific energy density than for any other known practical form of rechargeable energy storage. This approach has proved to be extraordinarily fruitful, and a large number of spin-off applications of this technology were developed in the course of this project.
Date:
February 22, 2007
Creator:
Bennett, C L
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
An Exact SU(2) Symmetry and Persistent Spin Helix ina Spin-orbit Coupled System
Spin-orbit coupled systems generally break the spin rotation symmetry. However, for a model with equal Rashba and Dresselhauss coupling constant (the ReD model), and for the [110] Dresselhauss model, a new type of SU(2) spin rotation symmetry is discovered. This symmetry is robust against spin-independent disorder and interactions, and is generated by operators whose wavevector depends on the coupling strength. It renders the spin lifetime infinite at this wavevector, giving rise to a Persistent Spin Helix (PSH). We obtain the spin fluctuation dynamics at, and away, from the symmetry point, and suggest experiments to observe the PSH.
Date:
January 22, 2007
Creator:
Bernevig, B.A.; /Stanford U., Phys. Dept. /Santa Barbara, KITP; Orenstein, J.; /LBL, Berkeley /UC, Berkeley; Zhang, Shou-Cheng & /Stanford U., Phys. Dept.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Colony Courier-Leader (The Colony, Tex.), Vol. 26, No. 29, Ed. 1 Wednesday, August 22, 2007
Weekly newspaper from The Colony, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
August 22, 2007
Creator:
Bick, Jack & Crimmins, Blaine
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Measurements of the intercombination and forbidden lines from helium-like ions in Tokamaks and Electron Beam Ion Traps
The paper reviews the results from tokamak experiments for the line ratios x/w, y/w, and z/w from helium-like ions with Z in the range from 14 to 28. With exception of the DITE experiments, where these line ratios were found to be in agreement with theoretical predictions, all other tokamak experiments yielded values that were significantly larger than predicted. The reasons for these discrepancies are not yet understood. It is possible that radial profile effects were not properly taken into account in the majority of the tokamak experiments. The paper also gives a short historical review of the X-ray diagnostic developments and also presents very recent data from a new type of X-ray imaging crystal spectrometer, which records spatially resolved spectra with a spatial resolution of about 1 cm in the plasma. These new data can be Abel inverted, so that it will be possible to determine line ratios at each radial position in the plasma. Effects of radial profiles, which may have affected the chord-integrated measurements of the past, will thus be eliminated in the future.
Date:
August 22, 2007
Creator:
Bitter, M.; Hill, K. W.; Von Goeler, S.; Stodiek, W.; Beiersdorfer, P.; Rice, J. E. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
United Nations Reform: U.S. Policy and International Perspectives
This report focuses on current U.N. reform efforts and priorities from the perspective of several key actors, including the U.S. government, the U.N. Secretary General, selected groups of member states, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and a cross-section of groups tasked with addressing U.N. reform. It also examines congressional actions related to U.N. reform, as well as future policy considerations.
Date:
January 22, 2007
Creator:
Blanchfield, Luisa
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Summary
The first International GLAST Symposium was held at Stanford, with less than a year to launch. Recent advances in the TeV and MeV ranges augur well for GLAST making major discoveries in GeV astronomy. Expectations for observations of several source types and backgrounds are summarized, along with some remaining organizational challenges.
Date:
October 22, 2007
Creator:
Blandford, Roger
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Proposal for Extending the UPC Memory Copy Library Functions andSupporting Extensions to GASNet, Version 2.0
This document outlines a proposal for extending UPC'spoint-to-point memcpy library with support for explicitly non-blockingtransfers, and non-contiguous (indexed and strided) transfers. Variousportions of this proposal could stand alone as independent extensions tothe UPC library. The designs presented here are heavily influenced byanalogous functionality which exists in other parallel communicationsystems, such as MPI, ARMCI, Titanium, and network hardware API's such asQuadrics elan, Infiniband vapi, IBM LAPI and Cray X-1. Each sectioncontains proposed extensions to the libraries in the UPC LanguageSpecification (section 7) and corresponding extensions to the GASNetcommunication system API.
Date:
March 22, 2007
Creator:
Bonachea, Dan
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Historic Preservation: Background and Funding
This report summarizes the federal role in historic preservation. It provides descriptions of and funding information for some of the major preservation programs, including the Historic Preservation Fund (HPF), the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, the National Trust for Historic Preservation, and the National Register for Historic Places. Some Members of Congress have given historic preservation programs close scrutiny and have recommended that historic preservation activities be supported increasingly by the private sector.
Date:
January 22, 2007
Creator:
Boren, Susan
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Department of Housing and Urban Development: FY2007 Budget
This report provides information about the The Department of Housing and Urban Development for FY2007 Budget.
Date:
May 22, 2007
Creator:
Boyd, Eugene; Perl, Libby; Foote, Bruce E.; Peterson, Meredith & McCarthy, Maggie
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Goldthwaite Eagle (Goldthwaite, Tex.), Vol. 113, No. 6, Ed. 1 Wednesday, August 22, 2007
Weekly newspaper from Goldthwaite, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date:
August 22, 2007
Creator:
Bridges, Steven W.
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History