EPR was used to investigate the free radicals created in Kevlar 49 fibers by stress-induced and photo-induced macromolecular chain scissions. Mn/sup +2/ ions were identified from the EPR spectrum of frozen solutions of concentrated sulfuric acid containing Kevlar 49. Other ions present are Cu/sup +2/, and possibly Fe/sup +3/, Cr/sup +3/, and Ti/sup +3/. EPR lineshape anisotropy indicates that some of the metal ions and first coordinate spheres are oriented. The concentration of stress-induced radicals (2 x 10/sup 10/ per filament) suggest that chain scission occurs in more weak planes than are estimated to exist in the fracture surfaces of the fiber core. These radicals are unstable in air and have some aromatic character. Several different types of radicals were obtained following uv irradiations of the Kevlar 49 fibers in vacuum (photodegradative radicals) and in air (photo-oxidative radicals). The photodegradative radicals are identified with primary radicals involved in the photo-Fries rearrangement reaction, secondary radicals formed as a result of a hydrogen atom abstraction by the primary radical, and/or ketyl radicals produced as a result of uv irradiation of the photo-Fries rearrangement product. The photo-oxidative radicals are identified with the uv irradiation products of a peroxide intermediate. Lineshape anisotropy indicates that …

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) has conducted a long-term single-pass continuous-flow (SPCF) leaching test of the glass waste form PNL 76-68. Leaching rates of Np, Pu, and various stable elements were measured at 25/sup 0/ and 75/sup 0/C with three different solutions and three different flow rates. The purposes of the study were: (1) to compare SPCF leaching results with the results of a modified IAEA leach test performed by Pacific Northwest Laboratories (PNL); (2) to establish elemental leach rates and their variation with temperature, flow rate and solution composition; and (3) to gain insight into the leaching mechanisms. The LLNL and PNL leach tests yielded results which appear to agree within experimental uncertainties. The magnitude of the leach rates determined for Np and the glass matrix elements is 10/sup -5/ grams of glass/cm/sup 2/ geometric solid surface area/day. The rates increase with temperature and with solution flow rate, and are similar in brine and distilled water but higher in a bicarbonate solution. Other cations exhibit somewhat different behavior, and Pu in particular yields a much lower apparent leach rate, probably because of sorption or precipitation effects after release from the glass matrix. After the initial few days, most elements …

This report contains a description of the initial ETA propagation experiments in air at a beam current of 4.5 kA. The beam was observed to propagate at the pressures anticipated on the basis of previous theory and experiment. A comparison of measured net current waveforms with predictions of the PHOENIX code showed good agreement over the pressure range 0.1 to 200 torr. However, the beam was observed to expand with Z at a faster rate than theory predicts. Excessive transverse beam modulation at injection complicated the experiments and limited their comparison with theory.

Fast neutrons hitting a sample of suprasil will produce light. This light is Cerenkov light produced by high energy (> .2 MeV) electrons traversing the transparent medium. Neutrons produce these electrons in a two step process. First, the neutrons inelastically scatter with either the silicon (Si) or the oxygen (O) atoms producing inelastic gamma rays. Some of these gammas, in turn, will also react producing, primarily, Compton electrons with some pair production electrons possible. The majority of these Compton electrons will have enough energy to induce Cerenkov light production. For intermediate energy neutrons (2 to 20 MeV), this process is efficient enough to produce a relatively simple neutron detector with some desirable properties. Estimations of the Cherenkov/neutron sensitivities of suprasil and lucite are presented. (WHK)

The Safety Technology Group is developing methodology that can be used to assess the risk of operating a plant to reprocess spent nuclear fuel. As an early step in the methodology, a preliminary hazards analysis identifies safety-related incidents. In the absence of appropriate safety features, these incidents could lead to significant consequences and risk to onsite personnel or to the public. This report is a compilation of potential safety-related incidents that have been identified in studies at SRL and in safety analyses of various commercially designed reprocessing plants. It is an expanded revision of the version originally published as DP-1558, Published December 1980.

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This report summarizes research conducted in fiscal year 1981 for the DOE-supported project, Fire Protection Research for Energy Technology Projects. Initiated in 1977, this ongoing research program was conceived to advance fire protection strategies for Energy Technology Projects to keep abreast of the unique fire problems that are developing with the complexity of energy technology research. We are developing an analytical methodology through detailed study of fusion energy experiments at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). Employing these facilities as models for methodology development, we are simultaneously advancing three major task areas: (1) determination of unique fire hazards of current fusion energy facilities; (2) evaluation of the ability of accepted fire management measures to meet and negate hazards; and (3) performance of unique research into problem areas we have identified to provide input into analytical fire-growth and damage-assessment models.

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The emission of synchrotron radiation damps the incoherent betatron oscillations of a pinched beam, causing its radius to shrink. However, the rate of shrinkage is small compared with the rate of expansion caused by scattering for typical propagation parameters.

This report discusses the housing assistance for low and moderate income households

Both operational and technical objectives are being pursued at the Spent-Fuel Test-Climax (SFT-C). The principal operational objective is to demonstrate the safe and reliable packaging, handling, and storage of spent nuclear reactor fuel in a deep geologic media and to retrieve the fuel afterward. Packaging of the spent fuel at the Engine Maintenance, Assembly and Disassembly (EMAD) facility, initial emplacement 420m below surface in the Climax granitic stock, and three subsequent exchanges of fuel canisters between EMAD and the SFT-C has demonstrated that application of straightforward engineering practices provides a safe and highly reliable system with no significant radiation exposure to the operating personnel. The primary technical objectives of the test are simulation of the thermal effects occurring in a panel of a large repository and comparison of the relative effects on the granitic host rock of heat alone versus heat in combination with ionizing radiation. Other technical objectives direct project activities toward instrument evaluation, ventilation effects, thermal and thermomechanical response of a jointed rock mass, and computer model validation. Recent findings from field measurements and laboratory studies are briefly discussed for: performance of data acquisition system and instrumentation; near-and intermediate-field temperature measurements; ventilation and dewpoint measurements; acoustic emission monitoring …

The results of Monte Carlo calculations can be sensitive to methods used to treat cross sections. This sensitivity can be emphasized by studying one isotope of an element or material that has a resonance region. Very few naturally occurring materials exist in a mono-isotopic form, but when such a material is an important part of a problem, care should be exercised in the selection of a code to be used for the calculations. It is recommended that the ALICE code, that uses a multiband treatment for cross sections, be used at LLNL for neutronic and neutron-induced photonic problems.

This document was prepared to outline the scope and objectives of the Hazardous Waste Assessment Project (HWAP) at Site 300. This project was initiated in October, 1981, to investigate the existing solid waste landfills in an effort to satisfy regulatory guidelines and assess the potential for ground-water contamination. This involves a site-specific investigation (utilizing geology, hydrology, geophysics and geochemistry) with the goal of developing an effective ground-water quality monitoring network. Initial site reconnaissance work has begun and we report the results, to date, of our geologic hydrogeologic studies. All known solid waste disposal locations are underlain by rocks of either the Late Miocene Neroly Formation or the Cierbo Formation, both of which are dominantly sandstones interbedded with shale and claystone. The existence of a regional confined (artesian) aquifer, as well as a regional water-table aquifer is postulated for Site 300. Preliminary analysis has led to an understanding of directions and depths of regional ground-water flow.

The objective of this program is to develop nuclear waste packages that meet the Nuclear Regulatory Commission`s requirements for a licensed repository in tuff at the Nevada Test Site. Selected accomplishments for FY82 are: (1) Selection, collection of rock, and characterization of suitable outcrops (for lab experiments); (2) Rock-water interactions (Bullfrog Tuff); (3) Corrosion tests of ferrous metals; (4) Thermal modeling of waste package in host rock; (5) Preliminary fabrication tests of alternate backfills (crushed tuff); (6) Reviewed Westinghouse conceptual waste package designs for tuff and began modification for unsaturated zone; and (7) Waste Package Codes (BARIER and WAPPA) now running on our computer. Brief discussions are presented for rock-water interactions, corrosion tests of ferrous metals, and thermal and radionuclide migration modelling.

The purpose of this report is to provide statistical data on the actual number of businesses that are filing for bankruptcy or ceasing operations. Tabular data of both a historical and current nature concerning business failures and bankruptcies is provided.

Monthly report providing tabular statistical information about motor vehicle accidents in rural areas of Texas during 1982, with data broken out by various criteria including number of persons, locations, types of accidents, time of day, and other factors.

Monthly report providing tabular statistical information about motor vehicle accidents in rural areas of Texas during 1982, with data broken out by various criteria including number of persons, locations, types of accidents, time of day, and other factors.

Monthly report providing tabular statistical information about motor vehicle accidents in rural areas of Texas during 1982, with data broken out by various criteria including number of persons, locations, types of accidents, time of day, and other factors.

Monthly report providing tabular statistical information about motor vehicle accidents in rural areas of Texas during 1982, with data broken out by various criteria including number of persons, locations, types of accidents, time of day, and other factors.

Monthly report providing tabular statistical information about motor vehicle accidents in rural areas of Texas during 1982, with data broken out by various criteria including number of persons, locations, types of accidents, time of day, and other factors.

Monthly report providing tabular statistical information about motor vehicle accidents in rural areas of Texas during 1982, with data broken out by various criteria including number of persons, locations, types of accidents, time of day, and other factors.

Monthly report providing tabular statistical information about motor vehicle accidents in rural areas of Texas during 1982, with data broken out by various criteria including number of persons, locations, types of accidents, time of day, and other factors.

Monthly report providing tabular statistical information about motor vehicle accidents in rural areas of Texas during 1982, with data broken out by various criteria including number of persons, locations, types of accidents, time of day, and other factors.