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41. DISCOVERY, SEARCH, AND COMMUNICATION OF TEXTUAL KNOWLEDGE RESOURCES IN DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS a. Discovering and Utilizing Knowledge Sources for Metasearch Knowledge Systems
Advanced Natural Language Processing Tools for Web Information Retrieval, Content Analysis, and Synthesis. The goal of this SBIR was to implement and evaluate several advanced Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools and techniques to enhance the precision and relevance of search results by analyzing and augmenting search queries and by helping to organize the search output obtained from heterogeneous databases and web pages containing textual information of interest to DOE and the scientific-technical user communities in general. The SBIR investigated 1) the incorporation of spelling checkers in search applications, 2) identification of significant phrases and concepts using a combination of linguistic and statistical techniques, and 3) enhancement of the query interface and search retrieval results through the use of semantic resources, such as thesauri. A search program with a flexible query interface was developed to search reference databases with the objective of enhancing search results from web queries or queries of specialized search systems such as DOE's Information Bridge. The DOE ETDE/INIS Joint Thesaurus was processed to create a searchable database. Term frequencies and term co-occurrences were used to enhance the web information retrieval by providing algorithmically-derived objective criteria to organize relevant documents into clusters containing significant terms. A thesaurus provides …
Date:
March 18, 2008
Creator:
Zamora, Antonio
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
15th Street News (Midwest City, Okla.), Vol. 37, No. 14, Ed. 1 Friday, January 18, 2008
Newspaper from Rose State College in Midwest City, Oklahoma that includes national, local, and campus news along with advertising.
Date:
January 18, 2008
Creator:
Pace, Joshua
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
15th Street News (Midwest City, Okla.), Vol. 37, No. 25, Ed. 1 Friday, April 18, 2008
Newspaper from Rose State College in Midwest City, Oklahoma that includes national, local, and campus news along with advertising.
Date:
April 18, 2008
Creator:
Pace, Joshua
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The 2005 Project Progress Report for 1987-099-00 Dworshak Kokanee Population and Entrainment Assessment (contract # 16791) is attached to project 1987-099-00, contract # 26850. [POINTER]
During this contract, we continued testing underwater strobe lights to determine their effectiveness at repelling kokanee Oncorhynchus nerka away from Dworshak Dam. We tested one set of nine strobe lights flashing at a rate of 360 flashes/min in front of turbine 3 while operating at higher discharges than previously tested. The density and distribution of fish, (thought to be mostly kokanee), were monitored with a split-beam echo sounder. We then compared fish counts and densities during nights when the lights were flashing to counts and densities during adjacent nights without the lights on. On five nights between January 31 and February 28, 2006, when no lights were present, fish counts near turbine 3 averaged eight fish and densities averaged 91 fish/ha. When strobe lights were turned on during five adjacent nights during the same period, mean counts dropped to four fish and densities dropped to 35 fish/ha. The decline in counts (49%) was not statistically significant (p = 0.182), but decline in densities (62%) was significant (p = 0.049). There appeared to be no tendency for fish to habituate to the lights during the night. Test results indicated that strobe lights were able to reduce fish densities by at least …
Date:
December 18, 2008
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The 2006 Project Progress Report for 1987-099-00 Dworshak Kokanee Population and Entrainment Assessment (contract # 26850) is attached to project 2007-003-00, contract #31598. [POINTER]
During this contract, we continued testing underwater strobe lights to determine their effectiveness at repelling kokanee Oncorhynchus nerka away from Dworshak Dam. Strobe light tests were conducted on four nights from April 24-27, 2006, in front of the middle reservoir outlet (RO) 2. The density and distribution of fish, (thought to be mostly kokanee), were monitored with a split-beam echo sounder. We then compared fish counts and densities during nights when the lights were flashing to counts and densities during adjacent nights without the lights on. On two nights, April 25 and 27, 2006, when no lights were present, fish counts near RO 2 averaged 12.4 fish and densities averaged 31.0 fish/ha. When strobe lights were turned on during the nights of April 24 and 26, mean counts dropped to 4.7 fish and densities dropped to 0.5 fish/ha. The decline in counts (62%) and densities (99%) was statistically significant (p = 0.009 and 0.002, respectively). Test results indicated that strobe lights were able to reduce fish densities by at least 50% in front of a discharging reservoir outlet, which would be sufficient to improve sport fish harvest. We also used split-beam hydroacoustics to monitor the kokanee population in Dworshak Reservoir …
Date:
December 18, 2008
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
2007 Archaea: Ecology, Metabolism and Molecular Biology
The Archaea are a fascinating and diverse group of prokaryotic organisms with deep roots overlapping those of eukaryotes. The focus of this GRC conference, 'Archaea: Ecology Metabolism & Molecular Biology', expands on a number of emerging topics highlighting the evolution and composition of microbial communities and novel archaeal species, their impact on the environment, archaeal metabolism, and research that stems from sequence analysis of archaeal genomes. The strength of this conference lies in its ability to couple reputable areas with new scientific topics in an atmosphere of stimulating exchange. This conference remains an excellent opportunity for younger scientists to interact with world experts in this field.
Date:
September 18, 2008
Creator:
Gray, Imke Schroeder Nancy Ryan
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
2007 NWFSC Tidal Freshwater Genetics Results
Genetic Analysis of Juvenile Chinook Salmon for inclusion in 'Ecology of Juvenile Salmonids in Shallow Tidal Freshwater Habitats in the Vicinity of the Sandy River Delta, lower Columbia River, 2007. Final report submitted to the Bonneville Power Administration, Contract DE-AC05-76RLO1830.' Genotypic data were collected for 108 Chinook salmon and used in the genetic stock identification analysis. Results of the mixture analysis are presented in Table 1. Percentage estimates for four genetic stock groups (West Cascade Tributary Fall, Willamette River Spring, Deschutes River Fall, and Upper Columbia River Summer/Fall) ranged from 11% to 43%, all with non-zero lower 95% confidence intervals. Small contributions were also estimated for the West Cascade Tributary Spring (3%) and Snake River Fall (6%) stock groups. Results of individual fish probability assignments were summed by collection date (Figure 1) and site (Figure 2). Assignment probabilities for the most likely stock group for each individual ranged from 0.51 to 1.00 with approximately 60% of the assignments greater than 0.90 (data not shown). Nearly all of the low probability assignments were fish with assignments split between the Deschutes River Fall and Upper Columbia River Summer/Fall groups.
Date:
March 18, 2008
Creator:
Teel, David
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Addressing the Need for Alternative Transportation Fuels: The Joint BioEnergy Institute
Today, carbon-rich fossil fuels, primarily oil, coal, and natural gas, provide 85% of the energy consumed in the U.S. As world demand increases, oil reserves may become rapidly depleted. Fossil fuel use increases CO{sub 2} emissions and raises the risk of global warming. The high energy content of liquid hydrocarbon fuels makes them the preferred energy source for all modes of transportation. In the U.S. alone, transportation consumes >13.8 million barrels of oil per day and generates 0.5 gigatons of carbon per year. This release of greenhouse gases has spurred research into alternative, nonfossil energy sources. Among the options (nuclear, concentrated solar thermal, geothermal, hydroelectric, wind, solar, and biomass), only biomass has the potential to provide a high-energy-content transportation fuel. Biomass is a renewable resource that can be converted into carbon-neutral transporation fuels. Currently, biofuels such as ethanol are produced largely from grains, but there is a large, untapped resource (estimated at more than a billion tons per year) of plant biomass that could be utilized as a renewable, domestic source of liquid fuels. Well-established processes convert the starch content of the grain into sugars that can be fermented to ethanol. The energy efficiency of starch-based biofuels is however not …
Date:
January 18, 2008
Creator:
Blanch, Harvey; Adams, Paul; Andrews-Cramer, Katherine; Frommer, Wolf; Simmons, Blake & Keasling, Jay
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Aerial Neutron Detection of Cosmic-Ray Interactions with the Earth's Surface
We have demonstrated the ability to measure the neutron flux produced by the cosmic-ray interaction with nuclei in the ground surface using aerial neutron detection. High energy cosmic-rays (primarily muons with GeV energies) interact with the nuclei in the ground surface and produce energetic neutrons via spallation. At the air-surface interface, the neutrons produced by spallation will either scatter within the surface material, become thermalized and reabsorbed, or be emitted into the air. The mean free path of energetic neutrons in air can be hundreds of feet as opposed to a few feet in dense materials. As such, the flux of neutrons escaping into the air provides a measure of the surface nuclei composition. It has been demonstrated that this effect can be measured at long range using neutron detectors on low flying helicopters. Radiological survey measurements conducted at Government Wash in Las Vegas, Nevada, have shown that the neutron background from the cosmic-soil interactions is repeatable and directly correlated to the geological data. Government Wash has a very unique geology, spanning a wide variety of nuclide mixtures and formations. The results of the preliminary measurements are presented.
Date:
September 18, 2008
Creator:
Maurer, Richard
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Afghanistan Security: Further Congressional Action May Be Needed to Ensure Completion of a Detailed Plan to Develop and Sustain Capable Afghan National Security Forces
A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Since 2002, the United States has worked to develop the Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF). The Department of Defense (Defense), through its Combined Security Transition Command-Afghanistan (CSTC-A), directs U.S. efforts to develop the Afghan National Army (ANA) and, in conjunction with the Department of State (State), the Afghan National Police (ANP). To follow up on recommendations from GAO's 2005 report on the ANSF, GAO analyzed the extent to which U.S. plans for the ANSF contain criteria we recommended. GAO also examined progress made and challenges faced in developing the ANA and ANP. To address these objectives, GAO reviewed Defense, State, and contractor documents and met with cognizant officials. GAO has prepared this report under the Comptroller General's authority to conduct evaluations on his own initiative."
Date:
June 18, 2008
Creator:
United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Afghanistan Security: U.S. Efforts to Develop Capable Afghan Police Forces Face Challenges and Need a Coordinated, Detailed Plan to Help Ensure Accountability
Testimony issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Since 2005, the Department of Defense (Defense), with support from the Department of State (State), has directed U.S. efforts to develop the Afghan National Police (ANP) into a force capable of enforcing the rule of law and supporting actions to defeat insurgency, among other activities. This testimony discusses (1) U.S. efforts to develop a capable ANP; (2) challenges that affect the development of a capable ANP; and (3) GAO analysis of U.S. efforts to develop a coordinated, detailed plan for completing and sustaining the Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF), which comprise the ANP and the Afghan National Army (ANA). This statement is based on a concurrently issued GAO report titled Afghanistan Security: Further Congressional Action May Be Needed to Ensure Completion of a Detailed Plan to Develop and Sustain Capable Afghan National Security Forces, GAO-08-661 (Washington, D.C.: June 18, 2008)."
Date:
June 18, 2008
Creator:
United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type:
Text
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Air Traffic Control: FAA Uses Earned Value Techniques to Help Manage Information Technology Acquisitions, but Needs to Clarify Policy and Strengthen Oversight
A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "In fiscal year 2008, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) plans to spend over $2 billion on information technology (IT) investments--many of which support FAA's air traffic control modernization. To more effectively manage such investments, in 2005 the Office of Management and Budget required agencies to use earned value management (EVM). EVM is a project management approach that, if implemented appropriately, provides objective reports of project status, produces early warning signs of impending schedule delays and cost overruns, and provides unbiased estimates of a program's total costs. Among other objectives, GAO was asked to assess FAA's policies for implementing EVM on its IT investments, evaluate whether the agency is adequately using these techniques to manage key IT acquisitions, and assess the agency's efforts to oversee EVM compliance. To do so, GAO compared agency policies with best practices, performed four case studies, and interviewed key FAA officials."
Date:
July 18, 2008
Creator:
United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. 17, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 18, 2008
Weekly newspaper from Albany, Texas that includes local, county, and state news along with extensive advertising.
Date:
September 18, 2008
Creator:
Lucas, Melinda L.
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 133, No. 30, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 18, 2008
Weekly newspaper from Albany, Texas that includes local, county, and state news along with extensive advertising.
Date:
December 18, 2008
Creator:
Lucas, Melinda L.
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 109, No. 197, Ed. 1 Friday, January 18, 2008
Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
January 18, 2008
Creator:
Bush, Michael
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 109, No. 223, Ed. 1 Monday, February 18, 2008
Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
February 18, 2008
Creator:
Bush, Michael
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 109, No. 248, Ed. 1 Tuesday, March 18, 2008
Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
March 18, 2008
Creator:
Bush, Michael
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 109, No. 275, Ed. 1 Friday, April 18, 2008
Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
April 18, 2008
Creator:
Bush, Michael
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 109, No. 300, Ed. 1 Sunday, May 18, 2008
Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
May 18, 2008
Creator:
Bush, Michael
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 109, No. 327, Ed. 1 Wednesday, June 18, 2008
Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
June 18, 2008
Creator:
Bush, Michael
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 109, No. 353, Ed. 1 Friday, July 18, 2008
Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
July 18, 2008
Creator:
Bush, Michael
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 110, No. 14, Ed. 1 Monday, August 18, 2008
Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
August 18, 2008
Creator:
Bush, Michael
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 110, No. 39, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 18, 2008
Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
September 18, 2008
Creator:
Bush, Michael
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 110, No. 90, Ed. 1 Tuesday, November 18, 2008
Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
November 18, 2008
Creator:
Bush, Michael
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History