I have performed high signal-to-noise (SN /equals/ 300 to 500) observations of interstellar CH/sup /plus// at Lick Observatory and at CTIO of the reddened, early-type stars HD 183143, HD 24432, and HD 157038 in an effort to probe the existence of a /sup 12/C/sup 13/C abundance gradient in our Galaxy.

An approximate method is described to evaluate the maximum acceptable residual magnetic field in the background of a neutral beam. 5 refs., 8 figs.

Demountable vacuum seals for fusion reactor applications must be compatible with the reactor environment, easily scalable, very reliable and readily maintained by remote handling methods. We are investigating gate valves as well as flanges in our efforts to provide such seals. They are all metal and scalable without becoming massive and require no axial fasteners. Preliminary tests on an initial 30 cm aluminum flange using no soft metal coatings or gaskets have given several vacuum tight closures. Weld fatigue of this preliminary design caused degradation of the seal with further cycling to leakage levels of 10/sup -6/ Tl/sec, which is acceptable with differential pumping for either valves or flanges. Additional flange pairs using slightly altered geometry, fabrication techniques, and seal plating materials will be tested and reported on.

The TIBER II Tokamak Ignition/Burn Experimental Reactor design is the result of efforts by numerous people and institutions, including many fusion laboratories, universities, and industries. While subsystems will be covered extensively in other reports, this overview will attempt to place the work in perspective. Major features of the design are compact size, low cost, and steady-state operation. These are achieved through plasma shaping and innovative features such as radiation tolerant magnets and optimized shielding. While TIBER II can operate in a pulsed mode, steady-state is preferred for nuclear testing. Current drive is achieved by a combination of lower hybrid and neutral beams. In addition, 10 MW of ECR is added for disruption control and current drive profiling. The TIBER II design has been the US option in preparation for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). Other equivalent national designs are the NET in Europe, the FER in Japan and the OTR in the USSR. These designs will help set the basis for the new international design effort. 9 refs.

In providing an adequate energy technology for the future, which new programs should be considered by the Department of Energy national laboratories to ensure that the US remains in the forefront of international science and technology is an important question. This paper suggests that the urgency for energy independence demands an active communication program that would increase awareness of energy as a critical national issue and would present fusion, with its benefits and risks, as one of the long-term alternative energy sources.

This discussion concerns analyses of physical shock-tube and shock-boundary layer interaction experiments, supplemented by computations. The basic issue is that of evaluating the influence of reflected shock waves on enhancing the balance of turbulent kinetic energy and resultant turbulent materials mixing during implosion and shock reflection intervals. Increases in random velocity amplitudes of a factor of 5 or greater implying turbulent kinetic energy increases of a factor of 12 or more have been observed in some low Mach Number shock-tube and boundary-layer shock wave interaction experiments. These results are analyzed to estimate their influence on increased turbulent material mixing subsequent to shock interaction. The analyses are developed with the assistance of two-dimensional, pseudospectral free turbulent field shock interaction numerical simulations as well as compressible turbulent boundary-layer shock interaction calculations. Of particular interest is the influence of Mach Number and pre-existing turbulent intensity on the enhancement ratios. 24 refs., 8 figs.

An open divertor configuration has been adopted for TIBER. Most recent designs, including DIII-D, NET and CIT use open configurations and rely on a dense edge plasma to shield the plasma from the gas produced at the neutralizer plate. Experiments on ASDEX, PDX, D-III, and recently on DIII-D have shown that a dense edge plasma can be produced by re-ionizing most of the gas produced at the plate. This high recycling mode allows a large flux of particles to carry the heat to the plate, so that the mean energy per particle can be low. Erosion of the plate can be greatly reduced if the average impact energy of the ions at the plate can be reduced to near or below the threshold for sputtering of the plate material. The present configuration allows part of the flux of edge plasma ions to be neutralized at the entrance to the pumping duct so that helium is pumped as well as hydrogen. 7 refs., 3 figs.

Parameters for operating points of TIBER-II, different from the baseline steady-state operation, are presented. These results have been generated with the MUMAK tokamak power balance code. Pulsed ignited and high performance steady-state operating points are described. 20 refs.

The baseline neutral beam energy for TIBER II was chosen to be 500 keV consistent with the use of near term dc acceleration technology. Adequate penetration to the axis for core current drive in larger ETR devices requires higher beam energies. However, beam instabilities may limit the current drive efficiency at high energy to lower values than predicted classically. The characteristics of TIBER II and a device with 4.5 m major radius as functions of beam energy are presented. 11 refs.

The microwave superheater uses the synchrotron radiation from a thermonuclear plasma to heat gas seeded with an alkali metal to temperatures far above the temperature of material walls. It can improve the efficiency of the Compact Fusion Advanced Rankine (CFAR) cycle described elsewhere in these proceedings. For a proof-of-principle experiment using helium, calculations show that a gas superheat ..delta..T of 2000/sup 0/K is possible when the wall temperature is maintained at 1000/sup 0/K. The concept can be scaled to reactor grade systems. Because of the need for synchrotron radiation, the microwave superheater is best suited for use with plasmas burning an advanced fuel such as D-/sup 3/He. 5 refs.

The Oak Ridge National Laboratory's (ORNL) beamline at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) incorporates several novel features including x-ray optics based on sagittal focusing with crystals and a cantilevered mirror whose center becomes the pivot for all downstream optical elements. Crystal focusing accepts a much larger horizontal divergence of radiation than a mirror while maintaining excellent momentum transfer and energy resolution. This sagittally bent crystal serves as the second element of a two-crystal, nondispersive monochromator. The cantilevered mirror provides a simple design for vertical focusing of the radiation. The beamline is suitable for both x-ray scattering and spectroscopy experiments requiring good energy resolution and high intensity in the energy range from 2.5 to 40 keV. This paper describes the optics of the ORNL beamline and reports their performance to date.

This paper summarizes the work completed by W.J. Schafer Associates for Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in the area of Inertial Confinement Fusion. The SAFIRE (Systems Analysis Code for ICF Reactor Economics) code is one of the major tasks discussed. (LSP)

For an energy-efficient accelerator system to be used for a free-electron laser, the stability of an energy-recovery system utilizing a bridge coupler placed between the accelerator and the decelerator is studied numerically. Energy is recovered by recirculating the accelerated electron beam through the decelerator; the recovered energy is then transported through the bridge coupler to the accelerator. The calculation shows that a large transient voltage oscillation is induced in the system. This transient oscillation can be reduced significantly by slowly applying both the electron-beam current and the klystron power at the beginning. Two types of instabilities are predicted according to the scraping of the electron beam between the accelerator and the decelerator. When the energy spectrum of the electron beam is scraped at the high end, the system induces an oscillation. However, when the low-energy end is scraped, the electron recirculation may stop unless the klystron power is boosted by a feedback system.

This brief discussion of replicons of higher plants offers a glimpse into the properties of chromosomal DNA replication. It gives evidence that the S phase of unrelated plant species is comprised of temporally ordered replicon families that increase in number with genome size. This orderly process, which assures a normal inheritance of genetic material to recipient daughter cells, is maintained at the level of replicon clusters by two mutually exclusive mechanisms, one involving the rate at which single replicons replicate their allotment of DNA, and another by means of the tempo-pause. The same two mechanisms are used by cells to alter the pattern of chromosomal DNA replication just prior to and during normal development. Both mechanisms are genetically determined and produce genetic effects when disturbed of disrupted by additional non-conforming DNAs. Further insight into how these two mechanisms operate requires more molecular information about the nature of replicons and the factors that govern when a replicon family replicates. Plant material is a rich and ideal source for this information just awaiting exploitation. 63 refs.

The lasertron is more efficient, lighter, and smaller than a klystron, especially at outputs below 2 GHz. Higher peak output powers are possible with the lasertron, and a separate modulator is not required. These advantages are useful for rf accelerators and linear colliders. The electron dynamics are simulated to estimate the device performance limits and to design an experimental lasertron. The relativistic electron dynamics are followed from the photocathode through the acceleration region and through the output region. The total fields are the sum of the space-charge, external magnetic, and acceleration or output-cavity fields. Wake fields are ignored, and the steady-state output fields are found. Lasertron performance as a function of acceleration field, charge per pulse nd frequency is calculated, showing its avantages and limitations. A preliminary design for the first Orsay lasertron experiment is presented.

A beam buncher has been designed, fabricated, and installed on the accelerator test stand (ATS) to match the 2-MeV output beam of a 425-MHz H/sup -/ radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) into a 425-MHz drift-tube linac (DTL). The buncher configuration provides integral-matching permanent-magnet quadrupoles (PMQ) at the exit of the RFQ and one ..beta..lambda across the buncher accelerating gap; a third PMQ is the first DTL half-cell magnet. Located between the second and third PMQs is a 50-..cap omega.., capacitively coupled, beam-sensing pickup loop. Cooling channels are provided in each of the brazed OFHC copper wall sections. Vacuum pumping of the buncher is provided by a cryogenic refrigerator vacuum pump through an array of small-diameter holes in the buncher cavity wall. Mechanical features of the buncher, the brazing and electron-beam welding of the solid-copper buncher structure, and the beam pickup loop are described in this paper. The buncher has been tuned, installed, and operated at full power on the ATS.

A weekly publication, the Texas Register serves as the journal of state agency rulemaking for Texas. Information published in the Texas Register includes proposed, adopted, withdrawn and emergency rule actions, notices of state agency review of agency rules, governor's appointments, attorney general opinions, and miscellaneous documents such as requests for proposals. After adoption, these rulemaking actions are codified into the Texas Administrative Code.

A weekly publication, the Texas Register serves as the journal of state agency rulemaking for Texas. Information published in the Texas Register includes proposed, adopted, withdrawn and emergency rule actions, notices of state agency review of agency rules, governor's appointments, attorney general opinions, and miscellaneous documents such as requests for proposals. After adoption, these rulemaking actions are codified into the Texas Administrative Code.

A weekly publication, the Texas Register serves as the journal of state agency rulemaking for Texas. Information published in the Texas Register includes proposed, adopted, withdrawn and emergency rule actions, notices of state agency review of agency rules, governor's appointments, attorney general opinions, and miscellaneous documents such as requests for proposals. After adoption, these rulemaking actions are codified into the Texas Administrative Code.

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Jim Mattox, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Whether the public utility commission may grant a temporary stay to an order entered by a hearing examiner without holding a public meeting.

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Jim Mattox, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Liability of taxes on properrty where a tax certificate states in error that no taxes are owing thereon

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Jim Mattox, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification: Constitutionality of House Bill Nos. 1953 and 1531, which regulate the sale of motor vehicles.

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Jim Mattox, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Constitutionality of certain portions of article 14.03 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, regarding warrantless arrests in certain misdemeanor cases involving family violence

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Jim Mattox, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification: Construction of article 6675a-3(c), V.T.C.S.