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State-of-the-art for evaluating the potential impact of tectonism and volcanism on a radioactive waste repository (open access)

State-of-the-art for evaluating the potential impact of tectonism and volcanism on a radioactive waste repository

Most estimates of the time required for safe isolation of radioactive wastes from the biosphere range from 100,000 to 1,000,000 years. For such long time spans, it is necessary to assess the potential effects of geologic processes such as volcanism and tectonic activity on the integrity of geologic repositories. Predictions of geologic phenomena can be based on probabilistic models, which assume a random distribution of events. The necessary historic and geologic records are rarely available to provide an adequate data base for such predictions. The observed distribution of volcanic and tectonic activity is not random, and appears to be controlled by extremely complex deterministic processes. The advent of global plate tectonic theory in the past two decades has been a giant step toward understanding these processes. At each potential repository site, volcanic and tectonic processes should be evaluated to provide the most thorough possible understanding of those deterministic processes. Based on this knowledge, judgements will have to be made as to whether or not the volcanic and tectonic processes pose unacceptable risk to the integrity of the repository. This report describes the potential hazards associated with volcanism and tectonism, and the means for evaluating these processes.
Date: July 16, 1980
Creator: unknown
System: The UNT Digital Library
ORR Operations for Period April 1961 to April 1962 (open access)

ORR Operations for Period April 1961 to April 1962

A summary of the activities in the 4th operational year is presented for the ORR. On-stream time at 30 Mw was relatively steady with 75.4 and 83.7% representing the lowest and highest quarters. Modification of the ball-latch mechanism of the shim-rod-drives is in progress. The primary cooling system bypass control valve was modified and a d-c pony motor was added at the No. 3 primary pump. This addition was made to increase the reliability of adequate water flow for afterheat cooling. A study of coreboiling detection is being conducted. (J.R.D.)
Date: October 16, 1962
Creator: Binford, F.T.; Casto, W.R. & Colomb, A.L.
System: The UNT Digital Library
State-of-the-art for evaluating the potential impact of flooding on a radioactive waste repository (open access)

State-of-the-art for evaluating the potential impact of flooding on a radioactive waste repository

This report is a review of the state-of-the-art for evaluating the potential impact of flooding on a deep radioactive-waste repository, namely, for predicting the future occurrence of catastrophic flooding and for estimating the effect of such flooding on waste containment characteristics. Several detrimental effects are identified: flooding can increase groundwater seepage velocities through a repository within the framework of the existing hydrologic system and thus increase the rate of radioactive-waste leakage to the biosphere; flooding may alter repository hydrology by reversing flow gradients, relocating sources of groundwater recharge and discharge, or shortening seepage paths, thereby producing unpredictable leakage; saturation of a vadose-zone repository during flooding can increase groundwater seepage velocities by several orders of magnitude; and flooding can damage repository-media containment properties by inducing seismic or chemical instability or increasing fracture permeability in relatively shallow repository rock as a result of redistributing in-situ stresses. Short-term flooding frequency and magnitude can be predicted statistically by analyzing historical records of flooding. However, long-term flooding events that could damage a permanent repository cannot be predicted with confidence because the geologic record is neither unique nor sufficienly complete for statistical analysis. It is more important to identify parameters characterizing containment properties (such as permeability, …
Date: July 16, 1980
Creator: unknown
System: The UNT Digital Library
Determination of Heavy Water Purity by Infrared Absorption (open access)

Determination of Heavy Water Purity by Infrared Absorption

The practical application of heavy water purity determination by infrared absorption spectroscopy using standard laboratory equipment was demonstrated in connection with the operation of heavy water-moderated Special Power Excursion Reactor Test (SPERT II) Facillty at the NRTS. (auth)
Date: January 16, 1962
Creator: Abernathey, R. M. & Morgan, T. D.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Oxidation/gasification of carbon residue on retorted oil shale. Final report (open access)

Oxidation/gasification of carbon residue on retorted oil shale. Final report

Studies of the oxidation and gasification of oil shale char were extended to an investigation of the effects of mineral catalysis. Six shales with differing mineral compositions were studied, including samples from the saline zone in the Western Colorado and from the Antrim shales of Michigan. Oxidation kinetics data, corrected for mass transfer effects, were compared for all six samples. A high assay shale from Utah and a sample from the saline zone were found to have the highest oxidation rates. By examining the data for shales which were water leached and thermally pretreated, it was concluded that both NaO and CaO act as oxidation catalysts. However, as a result of mineral decomposition experiments conducted with a sample from the C-a lease tract, it appears as though the ankeritic dolomite fraction will not decompose as long as there is a minimal CO/sub 2/ over pressure. Rather, low temperature silication reactions appear to take place once the temperature exceeds 925/sup 0/K. An extensive evaluation was also completed for the gasification of an Antrim shale from Michigan. Both the rates of CO/sub 2/ and steam gasification of the char were found to be markedly lower than that observed for a shale sample …
Date: January 16, 1984
Creator: Thomson, W. J.
System: The UNT Digital Library
State-of-the-art for evaluating the potential effects of erosion and deposition on a radioactive waste repository. Final report (open access)

State-of-the-art for evaluating the potential effects of erosion and deposition on a radioactive waste repository. Final report

The potential impact of future geologic processes on the integrity of a deep, high-level radioactive-waste repository is evaluated. The following study identifies the potential consequences of surface erosion and deposition on sub-surface repository containment characteristics and assesses the ability to measure and predict quantitatively the rates and corresponding extent of these processes in the long term. Numerous studies of the magnitudes and rates of surficial erosion and deposition that have been used to determine the minimum allowable depth for a geologic repository (300 m - NRC Code of Federal Regulations, Part 60.122, Draft 10) are cited in this report. Measurement and interpretation of potential rates and extent of surficial processes in these studies involved considerable uncertainty, and the implications of this uncertainty on presently proposed repository siting criteria are addressed herein. Important concepts that should be considered when developing siting criteria to protect against deleterious effects arising from future erosion or deposition are highlighted. Erosion agents that could affect deep repositories are distinguished in this report so that their individual and combined impacts may be examined. This approach is recommended when evaluating potential repository sites in diverse environments that are susceptible to different agents of erosion. In contrast, agents of …
Date: July 16, 1980
Creator: unknown
System: The UNT Digital Library
New Zealand: A Bibliography (open access)

New Zealand: A Bibliography

This report is a bibliography on New Zealand.
Date: February 16, 1970
Creator: Sarkissian, Arshag O.
System: The UNT Digital Library
PPBS in 1970: Methodology and Implementation, An Annotated Bibliography (open access)

PPBS in 1970: Methodology and Implementation, An Annotated Bibliography

This report provides an annotated bibliography of resources related to the Federal Planning-Programming-Budgeting System (PPBS) focused on its methodology and structure.
Date: April 16, 1970
Creator: Chartrand, Robert L. & Becker, Louise G.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Environmental Affairs in the 91st Congress, 1st Session (open access)

Environmental Affairs in the 91st Congress, 1st Session

This report discusses the growth of environmental policy and provides a listing of introduced legislation related to the environment in the 1st Session of the 91st Congress.
Date: May 16, 1970
Creator: Congressional Research Service. Environmental Policy Division
System: The UNT Digital Library
Equal Employment Opportunity in the Construction Industry: The Philadelphia Plan with Related Documents (open access)

Equal Employment Opportunity in the Construction Industry: The Philadelphia Plan with Related Documents

This report discusses the issue of equal employment opportunities in the construction industry and the revised Philadelphia Plan which set numerical goals for the employment of minorities and regulated enforcement of the equal employment regulations. The text of the executive order and related correspondence is included.
Date: March 16, 1970
Creator: Fulton, Joseph F.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Dental Manpower in the United States (open access)

Dental Manpower in the United States

This report discusses the number of dentists in the U.S. and their ratio in proportion to the population as well as distribution across the U.S. Educational initiatives, funding programs, and other actions to alleviate a shortage of dentists are discussed.
Date: September 16, 1970
Creator: Kline, Janet
System: The UNT Digital Library
Contingent Election of the President by the House of Representatives and the Vice President by the Senate. (open access)

Contingent Election of the President by the House of Representatives and the Vice President by the Senate.

This report describes the Contingent Election of the President by the House of Representatives and the Vice President by the Senate.
Date: September 16, 1968
Creator: Tienken, Robert L.
System: The UNT Digital Library
No-Knock: Unannounced Forcible Entry Historically, In the States and in the Federal District of Columbia, Court Reform and Criminal Procedure Act of 1970, and Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act f 1970 (open access)

No-Knock: Unannounced Forcible Entry Historically, In the States and in the Federal District of Columbia, Court Reform and Criminal Procedure Act of 1970, and Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act f 1970

This report discusses the issue of unannounced forcible entry by police and laws regulating the practice both historically and in the D.C. Court Reform and Criminal Procedure Act of 1970 and Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970.
Date: December 16, 1970
Creator: Doyle, Charles
System: The UNT Digital Library
Tests of Bearing Materials for the Experimental Through-Tubes in the Egcr (open access)

Tests of Bearing Materials for the Experimental Through-Tubes in the Egcr

The four experimental through-tubes provided in the Experimental Gas Cooled Reactor will extend directly through the core of the reactor and penetrate both the upper and lower pressure vessel heads. Each tube is anchored in an upper head nozzle and the bottom end is allowed to slide in a lower head nozzle. This lower nozzle is basically a T'' section that provides bottom access to the through-tube and a side access for the piping which connects the throughtube to the experimenter's cell. Due to differential thermal expansion of the through- tubes relative to the reactor pressure vessel, vertical movement of the through- tube within the T'' section will be experienced. At the same time a horizontal thrust applied to each tube by thermal expansion of the piping to the experimental cell will result in metalto-metal contact between each tube and the lower T'' section. Tests were conducted on three types of bearing material proposed for use on the through-tubes and T'' sections to minimize galling which can be expected to occur. Stellite No. 12 has been demonstrated to be an adequate bearing material for the intended application. (auth)
Date: July 16, 1962
Creator: MacPherson, R. E. & Smith, A. M.
System: The UNT Digital Library
GAS-COOLED REACTOR PROGRAM QUARTERLY PROGRESS REPORT FOR PERIOD ENDING MARCH 31, 1962 (open access)

GAS-COOLED REACTOR PROGRAM QUARTERLY PROGRESS REPORT FOR PERIOD ENDING MARCH 31, 1962

Progress on the gas-cooled reactor program is reported. Separate abstracts were prepared for each of the 14 sections. (M.C.G.)
Date: July 16, 1962
Creator: unknown
System: The UNT Digital Library
A System for Generating Gamma Ray Cross Section Data for Use with the IBM-7090 Computer (open access)

A System for Generating Gamma Ray Cross Section Data for Use with the IBM-7090 Computer

A system for generating detailed tables of gamma ray cross section data has been devised for use on the IBM7090 computer. This sy;tem obviates the preparation of large amounts of cross section data. It also provides a scheme for rapid access to these tabulated values. (auth)
Date: May 16, 1962
Creator: Penny, S. K.; Emmett, M. B. & Trubey, D. K.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Comments on muon trapping. [HALO computer code] (open access)

Comments on muon trapping. [HALO computer code]

Muons that result from the collisions of protons in the ISABELLE beams with other nucleons introduce important background or signal for experiments. Their ability to pass through the conductors and steel of ISABELLE magnets results in complicated trajectories. Some oscillate about quasistable orbits and are called ''trapped.'' A number of typical trajectories were plotted, and flux estimates were made with a Monte Carlo program, HALO. Trapping tends to reduce shielding requirements somewhat, but the effect does not appear to be a very large one from these initial investigations. More aspects need to be studied, and HALO appears to be a useful tool for doing so.
Date: June 16, 1977
Creator: Stevens, A. J. & Thorndike, A. M.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Recommended new criteria for the selection of nuclear waste repository sites in Columbia River basalt and US Gulf Coast domed salt (open access)

Recommended new criteria for the selection of nuclear waste repository sites in Columbia River basalt and US Gulf Coast domed salt

Screening criteria and specifications are recommended to aid in the evaluation of sites proposed for nuclear waste disposal in basalt and domed salt. The recommended new criteria proposed in this report are intended to supplement existing repository-related criteria for nuclear waste disposal. The existing criteria are contained in 10 CFR 60 sections which define siting criteria of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), and ONWI 33(2) which defines siting criteria of the Office of Nuclear Waste Isolation (ONWI) for the Department of Energy. The specifications are conditions or parameter values that the authors recommend be applied in site acceptance evaluations. The siting concerns covered in this report include repository depth, host rock extent, seismic setting, structural and tectonic conditions, groundwater and rock geochemistry, volcanism, surface and subsurface hydrology, and socioeconomic issues, such as natural resources, land use, and population distribution.
Date: June 16, 1980
Creator: Steinborn, T.L.; Wagoner, J.L.; Qualheim, B.; Fitts, C.R.; Stetkar, R.E. & Turnbull, R.W.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Ordered S-matrix approach to the topological expansion for baryons and mesons. [Ordered Hilbert space, Reggeon closed loops] (open access)

Ordered S-matrix approach to the topological expansion for baryons and mesons. [Ordered Hilbert space, Reggeon closed loops]

A proposal is made for extending to processes involving baryons the ordered Hilbert space approach to the topological expansion. The proposal is based on a topological classification scheme for baryonic processes that is similar to one used previously for the lowest-order contributions, but is in terms of the minimum number of reggeon closed loops instead of handles.
Date: August 16, 1977
Creator: Stapp, Henry P.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Simulation of the carbon cycle in the ocean (open access)

Simulation of the carbon cycle in the ocean

A dual carbon-nitrogen biological model of the upper ocean has been developed, which has successfully allowed predictions of fluxes of carbon between atmosphere and the deep ocean to made. Regarding studying the carbon cycle in the ocean, the modelling has highlighted the need for a good understanding of the interactions between the carbon and nitrogen cycles, and also the importance of zooplankton grazing and levels of overwintering biological stocks. Problems have been encountered with the accuracy of prediction of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the surface ocean, and the sensitivity of the model to zooplankton parameters, and those parameters which effect overwintering stocks (e.g. mortality parameters). The model has recently been incorporated into a physical General Circulation Model of the Atlantic Ocean. Future work will involve assessing the performance of the biological model in General Circulation Models, and making necessary refinements in order to improve its predictive ability. 1 ref., 1 fig.
Date: September 16, 1991
Creator: Fasham, M.J.R.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Experimental and Analytical Reactivity Studies of Clean Critical Stainless Steel Cores (open access)

Experimental and Analytical Reactivity Studies of Clean Critical Stainless Steel Cores

ABS>The results are presented of critical water height measurements made on close-packed lattices of Spert III, highly enriched, plate-type, stainless- steel-clad fuel elements. Experiments were conducted with cores containing no control rods and with cores containing a single, fully-inserted control rod. The "clean critical" data obtained in these experiments were used to test the validity of various aspects of a four-group, diffusion theory analysis of the full scale Spert III reactor. The results of the analyses of the rod-free and single-rodded critical lattices show that for such stainless steel cores k/sub eff/ can be calculated to within 1% DELTA k and that the Spert III control rod worth is calculable to a few tenths % DELTA k. (auth)
Date: June 16, 1961
Creator: Spano, A. H.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Proposed method of assembly for the BCD silicon strip vertex detector modules (open access)

Proposed method of assembly for the BCD silicon strip vertex detector modules

The BCD Silicon strip Vertex Detector is constructed of 10 identical central region modules and 18 similar forward region modules. This memo describes a method of assembling these modules from individual silicon wafers. Each wafer is fitted with associated front end electronics and cables and has been tested to insure that only good wafers reach the final assembly stage. 5 figs.
Date: October 16, 1989
Creator: Lindenmeyer, C.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Enhancing the use of coals by gas reburning-sorbent injection (open access)

Enhancing the use of coals by gas reburning-sorbent injection

The objective of this project is to evaluate and demonstrate a cost effective emission control technology for acid rain precursors, oxides of nitrogen (NO{sub x}) and sulfur (SO{sub x}), on two coal fired utility boilers in Illinois. The units selected are representative of pre-NSPS design practices: tangential and cyclone fired. A third unit, wall fired, is on hold'' because of funding limitations. The specific objectives are to demonstrate reductions of 60 percent in NO{sub x} and 50 percent in SO{sub x} emissions, by a combination of two developed technologies, gas reburning (GR) and sorbent injection (SI). With GR, about 80--85 percent of the coal fuel is fired in the primary combustion zone. The balance of this fuel is added downstream as natural gas to create a slightly fuel rich environment in which NO{sub x} is converted to N{sub 2}. The combustion process is completed by overfire air addition. SO{sub x} emissions are reduced by injecting dry sorbents (usually calcium based) into the upper furnace. The sorbents trap SO{sub x} as solid sulfates that are collected in the particulate control device.
Date: April 16, 1990
Creator: unknown
System: The UNT Digital Library
Development of a solar-desiccant dehumidifier. Phase II second technical progress report (open access)

Development of a solar-desiccant dehumidifier. Phase II second technical progress report

The solar desiccant air conditioner (SODAC) system and its operation are described, including the characteristics of the major components, the performance at design conditions, and the control schemes for optimum operation in various climates. The system uses granular silica gel as a desiccant. It may operate in either a recirculated mode (no air exchange between the outside and the conditioned space) or a ventilated mode (air exchanged between outside and conditioned space). The test data in the ventilated mode at design flow rates are presented. Data include outdoor and indoor inlet wet and dry bulb temperatures, indoor outlet dry and wet bulb temperatures, capacity, coefficient of performance, air flow rates, hot water temperature, and solar heat used. The effects of indoor, outdoor, and hot water temperatures on the capacity and coefficient of performance are shown graphically, and the recirculated and ventilated modes, performances are compared. (LEW)
Date: October 16, 1981
Creator: Rousseau, J.
System: The UNT Digital Library