Hazards associated with deep burial of solidified nuclear waste are considered with reference to toxic elements in naturally occurring ore deposits. This problem is put into perspective by relating the hazard of a radioactive waste repository to that of naturally occurring geologic formations. The basis for comparison derives from a consideration of safe drinking water levels. Calculations for relative toxicity of FBR waste and light water reactor (LWR) waste in an underground repository are compared with the relative toxicity indices obtained for average concentration ore deposits. Results indicate that, over time, nuclear waste toxicity decreases to levels below those of naturally occurring hazardous materials.

A method of packaging low-specific-activity tritiated waste water was developed which could reduce the volume of this kind of waste shipped from Mound Laboratory by 20 percent. This was accomplished by reducing the amounts of cement and attapulgite which are currently added to the waste water for immobilization and adding a highly adsorbent polymer called super slurper.

PRETART and TARTV are preprocessors for input decks for TARTNP, a coupled neutron--photon Monte Carlo transport code. They accept the normal TARTNP input decks. The purpose of these routines is to aid users in checking their geometry before making a TARTNP run. PRETART finds the volume of each zone, or of any selected subset of zones. When the volumes of all zones are found, the user may select a percentage of random checking for gaps or overlaps between the zones. If gaps or overlaps are found, a diagnostic routine describes the difficulty as best it can. TARTV allows the user to see a picture on TMDS (with a fiche copy) of a plane slice, parallel to the x-y plane or parallel to the x-z plane, through space, with an arbitrary picture window. A complete description of how to use these routines follows. It needs to be emphasized that PRETART cannot be used naively. It requires an active user who understands what it is trying to do, and its limitations. (RWR)

Thermophysical data are presented for liquid niobium up to approximately 6000/sup 0/K and for liquid lead up to approximately 5000/sup 0/K. These new results are summarized along with previously obtained high temperature data for liquid molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten, and uranium.

The microcomputer revolution in electronics is spreading so rapidly that it is difficult to educate enough people in the technology both quickly and thoroughly. LLL's MST-80B was developed as a way to speed learning in in-house training courses, and it is now being widely used outside LLL. The MST-80B trainer is a complete, self-contained microcomputer system housed in a standard briefcase. The trainer uses the Intel 8080A 8-bit microprocessor (CPU), and has its own solid-state memory and a built-in keyboard and display for input/output. The trainer is furnished with a permanent ''monitor'' program (in read-only memory) that allows users to easily enter, debug, modify, and run programs of their own. 8 figures.

The neutral beam current required to sustain the MX plasma is calculated for the plasma modeled by (a) a flat-top radial density profile and (b) a diffuse radial profile. Estimates of the plasma length are obtained from Fokker-Planck calculations and a three-dimensional guiding-center equilibrium code. Beam trapping efficiency is calculated from a model taking into account the spatial dimensions of the beam and plasma. The sensitivity to variations of magnetic field and plasma beta is calculated for the plasma parameters n tau, beam current, and axial scale length.

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The three-phase region of various mixtures of D/sub 2/, DT, and T/sub 2/ has been investigated through plots of temperature and pressure vs time. The liquid surface for a temperature-vs-composition plot is obtained from the points of first freezing. The solid surface is obtained from the points of first melting after a quick freeze. All components appear miscible in both liquid and solid phases from 17 to 22 K. From analogy to H-T systems, the chemical equilibria in these D-T systems were assumed to be the same at experimental temperatures as at room temperature. The Raoult's-law total pressure is calculated from an analysis of all six species; the experimental pressure is at the most 3.5% higher than the Raoult's-law pressure. Raoult's law is used to obtain gas-phase compositions; the phase diagram shows a maximum temperature difference of 0.15 K between the gas and solid surfaces. As an example for 50-50 mole % of liquid D-T at about 19.7 K, the gas will contain about 42% T and the solid 52%. Codes giving the equilibrium vapor pressures of pure components for both the solid and liquid from 4 to 30 K are listed.

The ATD code is a multi-purpose code which reduces data files produced by a digitizer. It contains all of the features for the basic unpacking, scaling, and plotting of digitized data files. More advanced capabilities are also available. Digital filtering, spectral analysis, and statistical analysis, among others, allow the engineer the capability to analyze and display time history data. In contrast to codes such as DYMEC, the data files are typically of high frequency and short duration, representing time spans on the order of seconds and frequency content in the tens of thousands of hertz. 1 figure.

Powder X-ray diffraction techniques were extensively applied in a pyrotechnic materials development project involving the TiH/sub x/-KClO/sub 4/ system. They were utilized in the evaluation of locally synthesized TiH/sub x/ materials to assist in evolving the best method for preparing such hydride materials. Once that method was fixed, X-ray diffraction made a contribution toward material specification for the project in that it afforded baseline data for TiH/sub x/ and KClO/sub 4/ starting materials, and especially in the determination and detailed characterization of the phases present in their various blends. Such methods concurrently afforded routine support for other project teams investigating container and bridgewire corrosion phenomena, material and device handling and storage factors, alternative milling and blending effects, particle size classification consequences, reaction product identification, etc. A 12-kW rotating anode X-ray generator was used to good advantage in the effort. It yielded adequate diffraction photographic exposures from tiny specimens in a few minutes time, and thus, made practicable some investigations which otherwise would not have been possible. Aside from the immediately practical support provided for the project a reference pattern was obtained for the nonstoichiometric fluorite-structured ..gamma..-TiH/sub 2/-y phase which proved superior to any found in the literature. Also a quality …

Stainless steel alloys that are chemically complex, such as A-286 or JBK-75, are designed to improve such high-temperature properties as strength. This is accomplished by precipitating secondary phases during aging. Such multicomponent systems, however, can also produce undesirable phases that are detrimental to forgeability and final mechanical properties. Cast segregation and numerous nonmetallic inclusions can have a degrading influence on the toughness and ductility of the alloy. Several different heats of A-286 and JBK-75 were studied, and titanium carbide and/or molybdenum carbide ((Ti, Mo)C) plus titanium carbide and/or titanium carbonitride Ti(C,N)-type phases were qualitatively identified as the major nonmetallic constituent in these alloys. The common procedure for rating the microcleanliness of steels does not classify such carbide or carbonitride phases and thus does not provide an appropriate means of controlling in-process inspection. The results of this study are discussed in terms of alternative methods for evaluating the microcleanliness of superalloys.

The new two-phase heat transfer medium proposed is a mixture of potassium droplets and helium which permits blanket operation at hih temperature and low pressure, while maintaining acceptable pumping power requirements, coolant ducting size, and blanket structure fractions. A two-phase flow model is described. The helium pumping power and the primary heat transfer loop are discussed. (MOW)

The requirements and effects of operating Mirror Fusion Test Facility (MFTF) experiments with neutral-beam pulse durations in the range from 0.5 s to steady state are reexamined. Two questions are examined: (1) what is the maximum neutral-beam duration into the MFTF if the latter is built as described in the conceptual design document, and (2) what is required (and at what cost) to permit neutral-beam injection periods of 30 s in the MFTF. In both cases, it is assumed that the required neutral-beam modules are available. One finds that the maximum practical pulse length consistent with the present conceptual design is 1.6 s. Increasing the pulse length to 30 s will require water-cooled beam dumps, protection against hot spots on the beam dumps, and modest expansion of the beam-control and data-acquisition systems. The estimated cost of the beam dumps and cooling system is $10 million. It is concluded that the present two-stage MFTF program plan is sound. This plan calls for establishing fundamental plasma scaling laws with 0.5-s operation and exploring nearly steady-state phenomena later with 30-s operation.

Development of Nondestructive Assay Techniques: Gamma-ray spectroscopic measurements show that a precision of 3 percent in the ratios of /sup 238/Pu, /sup 240/Pu, and /sup 241/Pu to /sup 239/Pu can be obtained after 10,000-3,000 s for FBR and LWR materials. Times for the prediction of calorimeter equilibrium have been reduced by 40 to 66 percent by a mathematical technique. Systems Development: The Automated Plutonium Assay System, utilizing calorimetry and gamma-ray spectroscopy, is being developed. Applications: The inhomogeneity of the /sup 239/Pu metal sample for half-life measurements was determined to be less than 0.02 percent. Twenty ash and ten mixed-oxide samples were assayed. (DLC)

Research and development activities are reported on absorption spectroscopy, calorimetry, electrolysis, emission spectroscopy, fluorimetry gas chromatography, infrared spectroscopy, liquid chromatography, liquid scintillation counting, mass spectroscopy, microscopy, radiometric analysis, and thermal analysis. A group of miscellaneous projects are also described. (JRD)

A simplified radiochemical method has been developed for quantitatively analyzing radon gas in underground uranium mines. In this method, a measured volume of air is drawn by a pump through a drying tube and a cartridge containing dioxygenyl hexafluoroantimonate reagent. Radon is captured as a nonvolatile product. After radioactive equilibrium has been established between radon and its short-lived daughters (approximately 4 hours), the gamma-emission of the cartridge is measured with a scintillation counter. The amount of radon is then calculated from the gamma-emission rate. The effect of cartridge geometry, reagent load, and air flow rate upon collection efficiency and counting efficiency is reported.

Various electron and ion current, electric field, and magnetic field probes were developed and tested during the course of the investigation. A three dimensional probe drive system was constructed in order to investigate two and three dimensional phenomena occurring in the microwave plasma interaction. In most of the experiments reported here, a 1 GHz, 40 kilowatt, pulsed rf source (Applied Microwave), was used. The antenna was a 20/sup 0/ horn. A dipole fed parabolic antenna system capable of producing a focussed microwave beam at 2.3 GHz was developed and bench tested. This system will be used in future investigations at higher power levels (E/sub 0//sup 2//8..pi..nkappaT > 1).

Considerable interest in obtaining the complex resonances or poles of conducting objects has recently been manifested in the field of electromagnetics. Prony's method for data processing offers the capability for obtaining poles from experimental time-domain measurements. One of the potential applications of Prony's method is presented. This application involves sampling the far field of a given radiator and using the Prony method to determine the source distribution. Some analytical aspects of the procedure, some preliminary numerical results for a line distribution of isotopic point radiators, and some problems needing resolution before the procedure can be generalized are discussed. 4 figures, 2 tables. (RWR)

A brief review of fusion research during the last 20 years is given. Some highlights of theoretical plasma physics are presented. The role that computational plasma physics is playing in analyzing and understanding the experiments of today is discussed. The magnetic mirror program is reviewed. (MOW)

Measured reflectivity curves are given for several x-ray mirrors. Energy and angle ranges covered are 0.9 to 15 keV and 0.5 to 2.0 degrees. Reflecting surfaces were Be, C, SiO/sub 2/, Ni, and Au. Measurements are complete for Ni and Au but only particular angles were measured for other mirrors.

This report is an analysis of legalized gambling in the United States as it was at the time of the reports' creation.

This report is about the Disenfranchisement of convicted felons

This reportis about the women in the United States Congress.

The Nevada Operations Office of the Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA) has contracted with Petroleum Technology Corporation (PTC) to perform a gas stimulation program by chemical explosive fracturing (CEF) in the Canyon sands of the Val Verde - Kerr Basin of Sutton County, Texas. This lenticular tight sand deposit, underlying much of southwestern Texas, contains large volumes of natural gas. To date this formation has yielded only marginal amounts of gas because of its low porosity and permeability. The semi-arid environment of the Aldwell/Sawyer field is characterized by dry arroyos and xeric vegetation. Population is sparse and sheep ranching is the primary occupation. Because of the existence of previously drilled oil and gas wells, road and pipeline construction will be minimal. Impacts from this two well project are expected to be minimal and be confined to temporary surface disruption and increased erosion at the well site.