Federal Register, Volume 75, Number 239, December 14, 2010, Pages 77749-78150 (open access)

Federal Register, Volume 75, Number 239, December 14, 2010, Pages 77749-78150

Daily publication of the U.S. Office of the Federal Register contains rules and regulations, proposed legislation and rule changes, and other notices, including "Presidential proclamations and Executive Orders, Federal agency documents having general applicability and legal effect, documents required to be published by act of Congress, and other Federal agency documents of public interest" (p. ii). Table of Contents starts on page iii.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: United States. Office of the Federal Register.
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The UNT Digital Library
Generation of Coherent X-Ray Radiation Through Modulation Compression (open access)

Generation of Coherent X-Ray Radiation Through Modulation Compression

In this letter, we propose a scheme to generate tunable coherent X-ray radiation for future light source applications. This scheme uses an energy chirped electron beam, a laser modulators, a laser chirper and two bunch compressors to generate a prebunched kilo-Ampere current electron beam from a few tens Ampere electron beam out of a linac. The initial modulation energy wavelength can be compressed by a factor of 1 + h{sub b}R{sub 56}{sup a} phase space, where h{sub b} is the energy bunch length chirp introduced by the laser chirper, R{sub 56}{sup a} is the momentum compaction factor of the first bunch compressor. As an illustration, we present an example to generate more than 400 MW, 170 atto-seconds pulse, 1 nm coherent X-ray radiation using a 60 Ampere electron beam out. of the linac and 200 nm laser seed. Both the final wavelength and the radiation pulse length in the proposed scheme are tunable by adjusting the compression factor and the laser parameters.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: Qiang, Ji & Wu, Juhao
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Hohlraum Target Alignment from X-ray Detector Images using Starburst Design Patterns (open access)

Hohlraum Target Alignment from X-ray Detector Images using Starburst Design Patterns

National Ignition Facility (NIF) is a high-energy laser facility comprised of 192 laser beams focused with enough power and precision on a hydrogen-filled spherical, cryogenic target to initiate a fusion reaction. The target container, or hohlraum, must be accurately aligned to an x-ray imaging system to allow careful monitoring of the frozen fuel layer in the target. To achieve alignment, x-ray images are acquired through starburst-shaped windows cut into opposite sides of the hohlraum. When the hohlraum is in alignment, the starburst pattern pairs match nearly exactly and allow a clear view of the ice layer formation on the edge of the target capsule. During the alignment process, x-ray image analysis is applied to determine the direction and magnitude of adjustment required. X-ray detector and source are moved in concert during the alignment process. The automated pointing alignment system described here is both accurate and efficient. In this paper, we describe the control and associated image processing that enables automation of the starburst pointing alignment.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: Leach, R. R.; Conder, A.; Edwards, O.; Kroll, J.; Kozioziemski, B.; Mapoles, E. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Internet Domain Names: Background and Policy Issues (open access)

Internet Domain Names: Background and Policy Issues

The Domain Name System (DNS) is the distributed set of databases residing in computers around the world that contain address numbers mapped to corresponding domain names, making it possible to send and receive messages and to access information from computers anywhere on the Internet. Many of the technical, operational, and management decisions regarding the DNS can have significant impacts on Internet-related policy issues such as intellectual property, privacy, ecommerce, and cybersecurity. The expiration of the JPA (Joint Project Agreement), the implementation of the Affirmation of Commitments, and the continuing U.S. authority over the DNS root zone remain issues of interest to the 112th Congress, the Administration, foreign governments, and other Internet stakeholders worldwide.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: Kruger, Lennard G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Masked Photocathode in Photoinjector (open access)

A Masked Photocathode in Photoinjector

In this paper, we propose a masked photocathode inside the photoinjector for generating high brightness election beam. Instead of mounting the photocathode onto an electrode, an electrode with small hole is used as a mask to shield the photocathode from the accelerating vacuum chamber. Using such a masked photocathode will make the replacement of photocathode material easy by rotating the photocathode behind the electrode into the hole. Furthermore, this helps reduce the dark current or secondary electron emission from the photocathode material. The masked photocathode also provides transverse cut-off to a Gaussian laser beam that reduces electron beam emittance growth from nonlinear space-charge effects.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: Qiang, Ji
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Multi-Center Electronic Structure Calculations for Plasma Equation of State (open access)

Multi-Center Electronic Structure Calculations for Plasma Equation of State

We report on an approach for computing electronic structure utilizing solid-state multi-center scattering techniques, but generalized to finite temperatures to model plasmas. This approach has the advantage of handling mixtures at a fundamental level without the imposition of ad hoc continuum lowering models, and incorporates bonding and charge exchange, as well as multi-center effects in the calculation of the continuum density of states.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: Wilson, B. G.; Johnson, D. D. & Alam, A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
A NEW PROCESS DEVELOPED FOR SEPARATION OF LIGNIN FROM AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE PRETREATMENT SOLUTIONS (open access)

A NEW PROCESS DEVELOPED FOR SEPARATION OF LIGNIN FROM AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE PRETREATMENT SOLUTIONS

A method is described for separating lignin from liquid solutions resulting from the pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials such as switchgrass with ammonium hydroxide. The method involves a sequence of steps including acidification, evaporation, and precipitation or centrifugation that are performed under defined conditions, and results in a relatively pure, solid lignin product. The method is tested on ammonium hydroxide solutions containing lignin extracted from switchgrass. Experimental results show that the method is capable of recovering between 66-95% of dissolved lignin as a precipitated solid. Cost estimates of pilot-scale and industrial-scale expressions of the process indicate that breakeven lignin prices of $2.36/kg and $0.78/kg, respectively, may be obtainable with this recovery method.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: Sherman, S.; Gorensek, M. & Milliken, C.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Noncitizen Eligibility for Federal Public Assistance: Policy Overview and Trends (open access)

Noncitizen Eligibility for Federal Public Assistance: Policy Overview and Trends

This report deals with the four major federal means-tested benefit programs: the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly food stamps), the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program, Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) block grant programs, and Medicaid. It is organized into four main parts: an overview of existing eligibility law for the four programs and the policies that preceded the 1996 act; an overview of related immigrant policies affecting eligibility (specifically, the treatment of sponsored aliens); an analysis of trends in noncitizen poverty and benefit use; and a summary of the eligibility rules for aliens residing in the United States illegally.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: Wasem, Ruth Ellen
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library

P.L. 94-171 County Block Map (2010 Census): Andrews County, Block 1

Parent map for Andrews County, Texas showing the area of one geographic block for which the U.S. Census Bureau collected data. The plotted map scale is 1:24,000.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: United States. Bureau of the Census.
Object Type: Map
System: The Portal to Texas History

P.L. 94-171 County Block Map (2010 Census): Andrews County, Block 2

Parent map for Andrews County, Texas showing the area of one geographic block for which the U.S. Census Bureau collected data. The plotted map scale is 1:24,000.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: United States. Bureau of the Census.
Object Type: Map
System: The Portal to Texas History

P.L. 94-171 County Block Map (2010 Census): Andrews County, Block 3

Parent map for Andrews County, Texas showing the area of one geographic block for which the U.S. Census Bureau collected data. The plotted map scale is 1:24,000.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: United States. Bureau of the Census.
Object Type: Map
System: The Portal to Texas History

P.L. 94-171 County Block Map (2010 Census): Andrews County, Block 4

Parent map for Andrews County, Texas showing the area of one geographic block for which the U.S. Census Bureau collected data. The plotted map scale is 1:24,000.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: United States. Bureau of the Census.
Object Type: Map
System: The Portal to Texas History

P.L. 94-171 County Block Map (2010 Census): Andrews County, Block 5

Parent map for Andrews County, Texas showing the area of one geographic block for which the U.S. Census Bureau collected data. The plotted map scale is 1:24,000.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: United States. Bureau of the Census.
Object Type: Map
System: The Portal to Texas History

P.L. 94-171 County Block Map (2010 Census): Andrews County, Block 6

Parent map for Andrews County, Texas showing the area of one geographic block for which the U.S. Census Bureau collected data. The plotted map scale is 1:24,000.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: United States. Bureau of the Census.
Object Type: Map
System: The Portal to Texas History

P.L. 94-171 County Block Map (2010 Census): Andrews County, Block 7

Parent map for Andrews County, Texas showing the area of one geographic block for which the U.S. Census Bureau collected data. The plotted map scale is 1:24,000.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: United States. Bureau of the Census.
Object Type: Map
System: The Portal to Texas History

P.L. 94-171 County Block Map (2010 Census): Andrews County, Block 8

Parent map for Andrews County, Texas showing the area of one geographic block for which the U.S. Census Bureau collected data. The plotted map scale is 1:24,000.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: United States. Bureau of the Census.
Object Type: Map
System: The Portal to Texas History

P.L. 94-171 County Block Map (2010 Census): Andrews County, Block 9

Parent map for Andrews County, Texas showing the area of one geographic block for which the U.S. Census Bureau collected data. The plotted map scale is 1:24,000.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: United States. Bureau of the Census.
Object Type: Map
System: The Portal to Texas History

P.L. 94-171 County Block Map (2010 Census): Andrews County, Block 10

Parent map for Andrews County, Texas showing the area of one geographic block for which the U.S. Census Bureau collected data. The plotted map scale is 1:24,000.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: United States. Bureau of the Census.
Object Type: Map
System: The Portal to Texas History

P.L. 94-171 County Block Map (2010 Census): Andrews County, Block 11

Parent map for Andrews County, Texas showing the area of one geographic block for which the U.S. Census Bureau collected data. The plotted map scale is 1:24,000.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: United States. Bureau of the Census.
Object Type: Map
System: The Portal to Texas History

P.L. 94-171 County Block Map (2010 Census): Andrews County, Block 12

Parent map for Andrews County, Texas showing the area of one geographic block for which the U.S. Census Bureau collected data. The plotted map scale is 1:24,000.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: United States. Bureau of the Census.
Object Type: Map
System: The Portal to Texas History

P.L. 94-171 County Block Map (2010 Census): Andrews County, Block 13

Parent map for Andrews County, Texas showing the area of one geographic block for which the U.S. Census Bureau collected data. The plotted map scale is 1:24,000.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: United States. Bureau of the Census.
Object Type: Map
System: The Portal to Texas History

P.L. 94-171 County Block Map (2010 Census): Andrews County, Block 14

Parent map for Andrews County, Texas showing the area of one geographic block for which the U.S. Census Bureau collected data. The plotted map scale is 1:24,000.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: United States. Bureau of the Census.
Object Type: Map
System: The Portal to Texas History

P.L. 94-171 County Block Map (2010 Census): Andrews County, Block 15

Parent map for Andrews County, Texas showing the area of one geographic block for which the U.S. Census Bureau collected data. The plotted map scale is 1:24,000.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: United States. Bureau of the Census.
Object Type: Map
System: The Portal to Texas History

P.L. 94-171 County Block Map (2010 Census): Andrews County, Index

Index map for Andrews County, Texas showing the distribution of census blocks and smaller inset areas for which the U.S. Census Bureau collected data. The plotted map scale is 1:122,820.
Date: December 14, 2010
Creator: United States. Bureau of the Census.
Object Type: Map
System: The Portal to Texas History