Under the technical assistance program up to 100 man hours of consultation can be provided, at no cost, to private, public, or corporate entities intending the direct utilization of geothermal energy. Application areas include but are not limited to, space heating and cooling, district heating, aquaculture, food production and processing, drying, chemical and pharmaceutical processes, animal husbandry, etc. Assistance is given primarily for projects in the Pacific Region states of Alaska, Washington, Oregon, California, Nevada, Arizona, and Hawaii. Activities of the technical assistance program for the reporting period are listed by state.

Weekly report of the Texas Crop and Livestock Reporting Service on turkey poult numbers in Texas and compared with other states. It includes compiled statistics across six consecutive weeks during two years for turkey eggs set and poults hatched.

A palynological investigation was performed on 55 samples of core material from four wells drilled in the Devonian Shale interval of the Appalachian and Illinois Basins. Using a combination of spores and acritarchs, it was possible to divide the Middle Devonian from the Upper Devonian and to make subdivisions within the Middle and Upper Devonian. The age of the palynomorphs encountered in this study is Upper Devonian.

Six batch melt-replenishment runs were performed. In the most recent, five crystals were grown with a total through-put of 48 kg. In addition to its stated purpose of developing the growth and recharge process for continuous silicon production, this experimentation has served to prove completely both the concept of charging with granular (viz., niblet) feed and the design of the pellet-feeder/isolation-lock assembly. The design of the prototype Czochralski puller was begun on schedule. Layouts of all major components have been prepared, and detailing is currently in progress; bills of material for long-delivery items were released to Manufacturing in June. Two critical components have already undergone advance trials: the recharging mechanism, which has been in use for four months, and the crystal lift mechanism, which has been bench-tested and is to be mounted on the laboratory Varian 2850 puller. Further, the fabrication of the transducer/control assembly - the automation system - has been accelerated in order to permit testing and preliminary process development on the 2850 furnace prior to the completion of the prototype puller. The SAMICS analysis of ingot growth and wafering has been completely revised and has been extended to 1986.

The principles and history of converting the difference between the chemical potentials of concentrated and dilute salt solutions to useful energy by reverse electrodialysis (RED) are discussed. The potential sources of brines discussed include the brines of oil and natural gas fields, the brines from flooding of salt domes, the brines of salt lakes, seawater, and geothermal brines. Equations for predicting the performance of RED units are presented and discussed. A study of the effects of variables on power output from RED cells is given, and estimates of capital and operating costs of RED power units are detailed. (WHK)

A model for the fluorescence and Raman scattering by molecules that comprise or are embedded in small particles was developed and numerical calculations performed. The emphasis during this first year of the contract was on writing and testing the computer programs necessary for numerical calculations and on demonstrating the extent of the potential effects that the geometrical and optical properties of the particle would have on the Raman and fluorescent emissions. For the purpose of demonstrating effects emphasis was focused upon the case of isotropically polarizable molecules that fluoresce or Raman scatter through electric dipole transitions. Some preliminary results are described. One result of these investigations that is of particular significance for remote sensing of pollutants is that it would be a serious mistake to use inelastic scattering techniques such as Raman and fluorescent scattering for quantitative assay of specific molecules in aerosols containing particulates without taking into account the size, structure and refractive index of the particles. A list of publications is included.

The implementation of a nuclear waste management technology raises several issues concerning the regulation of social risk. This paper presents a decision analytic approach to resolving some of those issues. A methodology for developing a radiological risk measure is presented, and several approaches to defining acceptable levels of that risk measure are considered. The methodology presented is oriented toward the development of radiological performance objectives for use as guidance in the drafting of regulations.

Recently, preliminary measurements were taken to demonstrate the quality of narrow spectral band, two-dimensional imaging of a specially-shaped quartz x-ray diffracting crystal. The evaluation consisted of back-illuminating a fine wire mesh, located off the focal circle of the crystal, with a monochrome of aluminum K radiation and observing the quality of the grid-shadowed pattern diffracted by the crystal. The experiment was performed in a vacuum diffractometer. While the actual spatial resolution limit of the crystal was not measured, this limit is demonstrated to be significantly less than 50 microns.

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This plan for the Rocky Mountain Basin and Range Region articulates the complete range of initiatives (federal, state, local, and industrial) required for the early commercialization of the regions geothermal resources. (MHR)

Described herein are sample collection and analysis procedures employed in environmental monitoring at the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory. An integral part of the quality assurance program developed for environmental monitoring at Livermore, these procedures provide a basis for verifying that sampling and analytical activities are being performed as specified.

A weekly publication, the Texas Register serves as the journal of state agency rulemaking for Texas. Information published in the Texas Register includes proposed, adopted, withdrawn and emergency rule actions, notices of state agency review of agency rules, governor's appointments, attorney general opinions, and miscellaneous documents such as requests for proposals. After adoption, these rulemaking actions are codified into the Texas Administrative Code.

A conceptual design of a laser fusion power plant is extensively discussed. Recent advances in high gain targets are exploited in the design. A smaller blanket structure is made possible by use of a thick falling region of liquid lithium for a first wall. Major design features of the plant, reactor, and laser systems are described. A parametric analysis of performance and cost vs. design parameters is presented to show feasible design points. A more definitive follow-on conceptual design study is planned. (RME)

The Nevada Operations Office of the Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA) has contracted with Petroleum Technology Corporation (PTC) to perform a gas stimulation program by chemical explosive fracturing (CEF) in the Canyon sands of the Val Verde - Kerr Basin of Sutton County, Texas. This lenticular tight sand deposit, underlying much of southwestern Texas, contains large volumes of natural gas. To date this formation has yielded only marginal amounts of gas because of its low porosity and permeability. The semi-arid environment of the Aldwell/Sawyer field is characterized by dry arroyos and xeric vegetation. Population is sparse and sheep ranching is the primary occupation. Because of the existence of previously drilled oil and gas wells, road and pipeline construction will be minimal. Impacts from this two well project are expected to be minimal and be confined to temporary surface disruption and increased erosion at the well site.

The first results are given for the conceptual design of a short-wavelength gas laser system suitable for use as a driver (high average power ignition source) for a commercial laser fusion power plant. A comparison of projected overall system efficiencies of photolytically excited oxygen, sulfur, selenium and iodine lasers is described, using a unique windowless laser cavity geometry which will allow scaling of single amplifier modules to 125 kJ per aperture for 1 ns pulses. On the basis of highest projected overall efficiency, a selenium laser is chosen for a conceptual power plant fusion laser system. This laser operates on the 489 nm transauroral transition of selenium, excited by photolytic dissociation of COSe by ultraviolet fluorescence radiation. Power balances and relative costs for optics, electrical power conditioning and flow conditioning of both the laser and fluorescer gas streams are discussed for a system with the following characteristics: 8 operating modules, 2 standby modules, 125 kJ per module, 1.4 pulses per second, 1.4 MW total average power. The technical issues of scaling visible and near-infrared photolytic gas laser systems to this size are discussed.

The equipment and procedures to be used to demonstrate the bypass flow characteristics of the Radiator Bypass Valve, P/N 720990, in the Kilowatt Isotope Power System are described. (LCL)

Research and development activities are reported on absorption spectroscopy, calorimetry, electrolysis, emission spectroscopy, fluorimetry gas chromatography, infrared spectroscopy, liquid chromatography, liquid scintillation counting, mass spectroscopy, microscopy, radiometric analysis, and thermal analysis. A group of miscellaneous projects are also described. (JRD)

The use of an electronic high-speed camera in the streaking mode to record interference fringe motion from a velocity interferometer is discussed. Advantages of this method over the photomultiplier tube-oscilloscope approach are delineated. Performance testing and data for the electronic streak camera are discussed. The velocity profile of a mylar flyer accelerated by an electrically exploded bridge, and the jump-off velocity of metal targets struck by these mylar flyers are measured in the camera tests. Advantages of the streak camera include portability, low cost, ease of operation and maintenance, simplified interferometer optics, and rapid data analysis. (RME)

Phase I Preliminary Design and Evaluation for a Grid Connected Thermally Controlled Integrated Community Energy System (ICES) for Trenton, New Jersey has been carried out. The findings of the study are that: it is technically feasible, utilizing commercially available hardware; it is economically competitive with conventional alternatives for heating and cooling buildings; it will produce an overall reduction in fuel consumed of 32 to 43% when compared with conventional alternatives for heating and cooling buildings; it will consume 4 to 9% more oil than will conventional alternatives for heating and cooling buildings; it should be owned and operated by Public Service Electric and Gas Co. (PSE and G); and it can provide thermal energy 21 months after the start of Phase II and electrical energy 32 months after the start of Phase II. This study is site-specific and of a small-size project. Its installation will not alter the planned PSE and G capacity expansion program. The economic evaluation results of the report cannot be extrapolated for numerous co-generation installations that would affect the PSE and G planned capacity-expansion program.

From foreword: "This report presents summary information on coal development in the United States, and material on the potential interactions of that development with fish and wildlife resources."

This document presents the total scope of the framework for the U.S. Coal Project during fiscal years 1976 through 1980. The project was initiated to provide information for appropriate involvement of the Fish and Wildlife Service in U.S. coal development actions.

The purview of H-Division is the mechanics of fluids and solid bodies. Concise status reports of the projects undertaken by the various groups in the division are given. Representative topics studied include equations of state of various materials, fracture mechanics, penetration of armor by projectiles, turbulence generation, and the development of dynamics computer codes. 31 figures, 2 tables. (RWR)

The strength and toughness of a high energy rate formed (HERF'ed) stainless steel, as influenced by the heat input from a variety of welds, are being measured. Using holographic interferometry, a welded spherical pressure vessel constructed from HERF'ed stainless steel with a composition of 21 percent Cr, 6 percent Ni, 9 percent Mn, 0.23 percent N, balance Fe was examined. Holographic examination of the weld vicinity shows that plastic deformations in the heat affected zones reach a maximum at a distance of 5 mm on either side of the weld, and tails off for another 20 mm to zero strain. The yield and ultimate strengths of the heat affected zones, based on the thin wall relation and using the wall thickness just above the weld, is nearly that of the parent material. However, the mode of deformation indicates that if the heat affected zones were either of higher strength or narrower, the pressure vessel would be stronger. Several more vessels are being electron beam welded using different weld parameters, and these will be examined to determine how the strength of the vessel is affected.

A subject screening list was developed which would be used by acquisitions specialists as a guide to the orientation of pertinent literature. The subject screening list was derived primarily from the geothermal subset of the ERDA Energy Thesaurus and from the ERDA Energy Information Data Base Subject Categories (TID-4584). The subject screening list is included. Subsequent to preparation of the subject screening list, a core list of serial publications containing geothermal energy information was generated by SIS library scientists. This list was corelated with the ERDA-TIC serial publications list. Included in both lists is an estimate of the annual geothermal information yield of the serial sources. A listing of sources of geothermal energy information other than serial publications and the conclusions, including methods of acquisitioning to be utilized and the estimated annual volume of information from all sources are presented.