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UV-Photoassisted Etching of GaN in KOH (open access)

UV-Photoassisted Etching of GaN in KOH

The etch rate of GaN under W-assisted photoelectrochemical conditions in KOH solutions is found to be a strong function of illumination intensity, solution molarity, sample bias and material doping level. At low e-h pair generation rates, grain boundaries are selectively etched, while at higher illumination intensities etch rates for unintentionally doped (n - 3x 10^12Gcm-3) GaN are 2 1000 .min-l. The etching is diffusion limited under our conditions with an activation energy of - 0.8kCal.mol-1. The etched surfaces are rough, but retain their stoichiometry. PEC etching is found to selectively reveal grain boundaries in GaN under low light illumination conditions. At high lamp powers the rates increase with sample temperature and the application of bias to the PEC cell, while they go through a maximum with KOH solution molarity. The etching is diffusion-limited, producing rough surface morphologies that are suitable in a limited number of device fabrication steps. The surfaces however appear to remain relatively close to their stoichiometric composition.
Date: November 12, 1998
Creator: Abernathy, C.R.; Auh, K.H.; Cho, H.; Donovan, S.M.; Han, J.; Lambers, E.S. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Redbird (Beaumont, Tex.), Vol. 4, No. 9, Ed. 1 Friday, November 12, 1954 (open access)

The Redbird (Beaumont, Tex.), Vol. 4, No. 9, Ed. 1 Friday, November 12, 1954

Weekly newspaper from Lamar State College of Technology in Beaumont, Texas that includes local and campus news along with advertising.
Date: November 12, 1954
Creator: Abshier, Ann
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Investigation of Deep Levels in GaInNas (open access)

Investigation of Deep Levels in GaInNas

This paper presents and discusses the first Deep-Level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) data obtained from measurements carried out on both Schottky barriers and homojunction devices of GaInNAs. The effect of N and In doping on the electrical properties of the GaNInAs devices, which results in structural defects and interface states, has been investigated. Moreover, the location and densities of deep levels related to the presence of N, In, and N+In are identified and correlated with the device performance. The data confirmed that the presence of N alone creates a high density of shallow hole traps related to the N atom and structural defects in the device. Doping by In, if present alone, also creates low-density deep traps (related to the In atom and structural defects) and extremely deep interface states. On the other hand, the co-presence of In and N eliminates both the interface states and levels related to structural defects. However, the device still has a high density of the shallow and deep traps that are responsible for the photocurrent loss in the GaNInAs device, together with the possible short diffusion length.
Date: November 12, 1998
Creator: Abulfotuh, F.; Balcioglu, A.; Friedman, D.; Geisz, J. & Kurtz, S.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Pawhuska Daily Journal-Capital (Pawhuska, Okla.), Vol. 72, No. 222, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 12, 1981 (open access)

Pawhuska Daily Journal-Capital (Pawhuska, Okla.), Vol. 72, No. 222, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 12, 1981

Daily newspaper from Pawhuska, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: November 12, 1981
Creator: Adams, Bill
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Pawhuska Daily Journal-Capital (Pawhuska, Okla.), Vol. 73, No. 225, Ed. 1 Friday, November 12, 1982 (open access)

Pawhuska Daily Journal-Capital (Pawhuska, Okla.), Vol. 73, No. 225, Ed. 1 Friday, November 12, 1982

Daily newspaper from Pawhuska, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: November 12, 1982
Creator: Adams, Bill
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Harper County Democrat (Buffalo, Okla.), Vol. 9, No. 32, Ed. 1 Friday, November 12, 1915 (open access)

The Harper County Democrat (Buffalo, Okla.), Vol. 9, No. 32, Ed. 1 Friday, November 12, 1915

Weekly newspaper from Buffalo, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: November 12, 1915
Creator: Adams, E. Lee
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Effects of Nonlinear Absorption in BK7 and Color Glasses at 355 nm (open access)

Effects of Nonlinear Absorption in BK7 and Color Glasses at 355 nm

We have demonstrated a simple experimental technique that can be used to measure the nonlinear absorption coefficients in glasses. We determine BK7, UG1, and UG11 glasses to have linear absorption coefficients of 0.0217 {+-} 10% cm{sup -1}, 1.7 {+-} 10% cm{sup -1}, and 0.82 {+-} 10% cm{sup -1}, respectively, two-photon absorption cross-sections of 0.025 {+-} 20% cm/GW, 0.035 {+-} 20% cm/GW, and 0.047 {+-} 20% cm/GW, respectively, excited-state absorption cross-sections of 8.0 x 10{sup -18} {+-} 20% cm{sup 2}, 2.8 x 10{sup -16} {+-} 20% cm{sup 2}, and 5 x 10{sup -17} {+-} 20% cm{sup 2}, respectively, and solarization coefficients of 8.5 x 10{sup -20} {+-} 20% cm{sup 2}, 2.5 x 10{sup -18} {+-} 20% cm{sup 2}, and 1.3 x 10{sup -19} {+-} 20% cm{sup 2}, respectively. For our application, nonlinear effects in 10-cm of BK7 are small ({le} 2%) for 355-nm fluences < 0.2 J/cm{sup 2} for flat-top pulses. However, nonlinear effects are noticeable for 355-nm fluences at 0.8 J/cm{sup 2}. In particular, we determine a 20% increase in the instantaneous absorption from linear, a solarization rate of 4% per 100 shots, and a 10% temporal droop introduced in the pulse, for 355-nm flat-top pulses at a fluence of …
Date: November 12, 2003
Creator: Adams, J. J.; McCarville, T.; Bruere, J.; McElroy, J. & Peterson, J.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Edmond Enterprise (Edmond, Okla.), Vol. 25, No. 41, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 12, 1925 (open access)

The Edmond Enterprise (Edmond, Okla.), Vol. 25, No. 41, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 12, 1925

Weekly newspaper from Edmond, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: November 12, 1925
Creator: Adamson, Royce B.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Pawhuska Daily Journal-Capital (Pawhuska, Okla.), Vol. 71, No. 227, Ed. 1 Wednesday, November 12, 1980 (open access)

Pawhuska Daily Journal-Capital (Pawhuska, Okla.), Vol. 71, No. 227, Ed. 1 Wednesday, November 12, 1980

Daily newspaper from Pawhuska, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: November 12, 1980
Creator: Adkisson, Larry R.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Crockett Courier (Crockett, Tex.), Vol. 19, No. 42, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 12, 1908 (open access)

The Crockett Courier (Crockett, Tex.), Vol. 19, No. 42, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 12, 1908

Weekly newspaper from Crockett, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with advertising.
Date: November 12, 1908
Creator: Aiken, W. W.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Crockett Courier (Crockett, Tex.), Vol. 25, No. 41, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 12, 1914 (open access)

The Crockett Courier (Crockett, Tex.), Vol. 25, No. 41, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 12, 1914

Weekly newspaper from Crockett, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with advertising.
Date: November 12, 1914
Creator: Aiken, W. W.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Photograph 2012.201.B0095.0128]

Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "SAILS SPRINKLE the skyline as city boating enthusiasts break out for Saturday races on Lake Hefner."
Date: November 12, 1971
Creator: Aker, Joe
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

[Photograph 2012.201.B0153.0362]

Photograph used for a story in the Oklahoma Times newspaper. Caption: "Bomber coach Jim Darnell hides his emotions well during another typical Midwest City victory."
Date: November 12, 1971
Creator: Aker, Joe
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

[Photograph 2012.201.B0423B.0026]

Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "Leading money winner on the pro bowling tour is Mike McGrath of El Cerrito, Calif., who will appear this weekend in the Mercury Open at Hilander."
Date: November 12, 1970
Creator: Aker, Joe
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

[Photograph 2012.201.B0907.0238]

Photograph used for a story in the Oklahoma Times newspaper. Caption: "Gus Miskovsky, 9, right, admires the wrestling trophy won by his blind brother, Gates."
Date: November 12, 1970
Creator: Aker, Joe
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

[Photograph 2012.201.B0916.0135]

Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "A 29-year-old Oklahoma City women arrested Thursday morning on a charge of carrying a pistol into Oklahoma City's federal building, was sentenced to 30 days in jail Thursday afternoon following a hearing before U. S.. Magistrate Charles R. Jones"
Date: November 12, 1971
Creator: Aker, Joe
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

[Photograph 2012.201.B1028.0077]

Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "Putnam City coach Jerry Potter and quarterback Tony Brantley reflect mood of Priates as time run out on their Mid-State title hopes."
Date: November 12, 1971
Creator: Aker, Joe
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

[Photograph 2012.201.B1267.0122]

Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "Sharon Kay Strange, right, fields question from judge Martha Greenfield during Friday's preliminaries."
Date: November 12, 1971
Creator: Aker, Joe
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

[Photograph 2012.201.B1267.0123]

Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "Anxiously facing the judges' questions, Sharon Kay Strange is graded on judge's tally sheet, in foreground."
Date: November 12, 1971
Creator: Aker, Joe
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The West News (West, Tex.), Vol. 37, No. 24, Ed. 1 Friday, November 12, 1926 (open access)

The West News (West, Tex.), Vol. 37, No. 24, Ed. 1 Friday, November 12, 1926

Weekly newspaper from West, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with advertising.
Date: November 12, 1926
Creator: Akeroyd, A. G.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Shadow Effect on Surface Biophysical Variables Derived from Remote Sensing: A Review (open access)

The Shadow Effect on Surface Biophysical Variables Derived from Remote Sensing: A Review

Article states that the main objective of this study was to review the recent literature on the shadow effect in remote sensing. An overview of the proposed methods for identifying and removing the shadow effect is presented.
Date: November 12, 2022
Creator: Alavipanah, Seyed Kazem; Firozjaei, Mohammad Karimi; Sedighi, Amir; Fathololoumi, Solmaz; Naghadehi, Saeid Zare; Saleh, Samiraalsadat et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Composition and Bonding in Amorphous Carbon Films Grown by Ion Beam Assisted Deposition: Influence of the Assistance Voltage (open access)

Composition and Bonding in Amorphous Carbon Films Grown by Ion Beam Assisted Deposition: Influence of the Assistance Voltage

Amorphous carbon films have been grown by evaporation of graphite with concurrent Ar+ ions bombardment assistance. The ion energy has been varied between 0-800 V while keeping a constant ion to carbon atom arrival ratio. Film composition and density were determined by ion scattering techniques (RBS and ERDA), indicating a negligible hydrogen content and a density dependence with the assistance voltage. The bonding structure of the films has been studied by Raman and X-ray Absorption Near-Edge (XANES) spectroscopy. Different qualitative effects have been found depending on the ion energy range. For ion energies below 300 eV, there is a densification of the carbon layer due to the increase in the sp3 content. For ion energies above 300 eV sputtering phenomena dominate over densification, and thinner films are found with increasing assistance voltage until no film is grown over 600 V. The films with the highest SP3 content are grown with intermediate energies between 200-300 V.
Date: November 12, 1998
Creator: Albella, J. M.; Banks, J. C.; Climent-Font, A.; Doyle, B. L.; Gago, R.; Jimenez, I. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Photograph 2012.201.B0117.0160]

Photograph used for a story in the Oklahoma Times newspaper. Caption: "vigorously leading the Midwest City High School band is director Pat Burney during Veterans' Day ceremonies Monday."
Date: November 12, 1979
Creator: Albright, Bob
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History

[Photograph 2012.201.B0125.0524]

Photograph used for a newspaper owned by the Oklahoma Publishing Company. Caption: "Floyd F. Carrier, legislative staff officer of Gov. Bellmon, so sums up his work in promoting good relations between the state's first Republican governor and the predominantly Democratic legislature."
Date: November 12, 1962
Creator: Albright, Bob
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History