Photograph of an UNIDENTIFIED concreate structure in between a break in the embankment. The back of the photograph proclaims, “View looking up-stream thru break in embankment. Water still flowing thru break. Note washing in topsoil on down-stream slope of the embankment.”

Photograph of a good example of rural home constructed in a scenic area of Latimer County.

Photograph of homes damaged near Willow Creek after the flood of May 10, 1950.

Photograph of Jerome Sykora sodding Prairie Cordgrass on shore line as field trial to determine effect it will have on reducing erosion caused from wave action.

Photograph of view near Willow Creek after flood of May 10, 1950.

Photograph of Hilly Stony Savannah on southwest slope of Mt. Pinchot Mountain Escarpment at top is the highest point n the Wichita Mountains. This is thought to be the only area of natural cedar on the refuge. Small open areas are typical of this range site.

Photograph of pasture establishment. Automatic Bermuda grass sprigger putting out Bermuda grass roots on an old upland cultivated field. Fertilizer, 10-20-10, is being applied as the sprigs are being planted, at the rate of 150 pounds per acre. The soil in this field, soil unit 20, is not suitable for cultivation so it is being put into permanent pasture. The practice of converting depleated cropland into permanent pastures is recommended by the Soil Conservation Service. OK-266-11.

Photograph of land clearing. Native black jack trees showing the results of an aerial application of 2-4-5T herbicide. Spraying was done in 1951 and 1953 at a rate of two and one pounds, respectively, of acid per gallon [of oil or water?]. Demonstration under supervision of the US Department of Agriculture [USDA], Agricultural Research Service [ARS]. Note the return of native bluestem grass when the growth of the black jacks has been removed. This brush was sprayed twice, one year between sprayings. OK-266-12.

Photograph of pasture planting. Cow and calf, part of 20 head of cows with calves grazing 70 acres of 1st year of Bermuda grass overseeded to vetch and rye in the fall of 1959. OK-1112-11.

Photograph of newly set Coastal Bermuda. To be followed when each step in establishment is made. Note furrows made by furrow attachment. Also on contour. Planting made May 6, 1958.

Photograph of Range sites, Loamy Prairie. Buffalo grazing on an area of Loamy Prairie range site in excellent condition. Moderate use as it appears in the spring season.

Photograph of the aftermath of the May 10, 1950 flood. Note the completely destroyed home and several wrecked cars. The back of the photograph proclaims, “Willow Creek and Magnolia Street - Flood of May 10, 1950.”

Photograph of a rotary drill used to making test wells for irrigation. OK-357.

Photograph of the Long Branch Field Trail. PL 566, Site # 9. Jerome Sykora is sodding Prairie Cordgrass on the shoreline as a field trial to determine the effect it will have on reducing erosion caused from wave action. OK-1112-8.

Photograph of land undergoing soil crusting. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Soil Crusting. Land has crusted after rain and prevents Bermuda sprouts from penetrating through the soil."

Photograph of a herd a buffalo grazing on an area of Loamy Prairie range site in excellent condition on the Wichita Mount Wildlife Refuge Big Game Pasture. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Buffalo grazing on an area of Loamy Prairie range site in excellent condition. Moderate use as it appears in the spring season. East of Hollis pond."

Photograph of a field to be returned, by irrigation, to alfalfa. Irrigation well will be located in the foreground. Alfalfa was produced in this field for about 30 years prior to 1934, with irrigation water supplied from the Beaver River. Impossible to take water from river since floods have cut the bank of the creek.

Photograph of a Bermuda grass root harvest. Arbuckle Soil Conservation District [SCD] sprigging Bermuda grass on Jim Bivins’ farm, with two-plow sprigger. Note the rack built on top to hold extra sprigs. Approximately 4 acres can be sprigged without stopping to reload. Note trailer being pulled behind sprigger to carry extra fertilizer—800 pounds. The trailer was so designed by the District that one wheel of the trailer runs over the last row of sprigs planted, thus giving more compaction and firming of the soil over the sprigs to retain moisture. An extension was added on the fertilizer attachment of the sprigger for carrying an additional 350 pounds of fertilizer. A spare tire is also carried on the trailer. District-owned chisel, rototiller, side delivery rake. This equipment is for harvesting Bermuda grass roots for establishing sod on other farms. Land is left smooth and will be re-harvested in 2 years. The District charges $5.00 for the use of the automatic sprigging machine and enough Bermuda roots to sod 1 acre. Average yield per acre will sod 12 acres. This machine will harvest 3 tons of roots daily, enough to spring 30 acres. The Soil Conservation Service recommends permanent pasture on land …

Photograph of pasture cultivation. Pasture recently established on land cleared from dense oak brush. The original brush in the background. Area in the center of photo shows the problem of removing stumps and dirt after burning. This area will need to be reworked before the pasture will have full coverage of grass and can be moved. Midland Bermuda grass was sprigged on this area to establish pasture. This land clearing and pasture establishing is recommended by the Soil Conservation Service [SCS]. OK-266-9.

Photograph of pasture establishing. Pasture recently established on land cleared from dense oak brush. Original brush in the background. This land was sprigged with midland Bermuda grass roots raised on the Roy Whitehead farm. Sprigging was done with an automatic Bermuda grass sprigger and fertilized at the time of sprigging with 200 pounds of 10-20-10 fertilizer per acre. This land clearing and pasture establishing is recommended by the Soil Conservation Service.

Photograph of land clearing. Native black jack trees showing the results of aerial application of 2-4-5-T herbicide. This brush was sprayed twice, with a year between sprayings. Spraying was done at a rate of two pounds per acre in 1951 and one pound per acre in 1953. Demonstrations were under the supervision of the US Department of Agriculture [USDA] and its in-house research agency, the Agricultural research Service [ARS]. Note the return of native bluestem grass when the growth of the blackjacks has been removed. OK-266-12.

Photograph of one of the many excellent cabins for rent in the Robbers Cave State Park located near Wilburton, Oklahoma.

Photograph of Willow Creek looking south from bridge on Main Street, after flood of May 10, 1950.

Photograph of view near Willow Creek after flood of May 10, 1950.