Photograph of site 22, Wildhorse Creek placing concrete in base of SCS inlet tower.

Photograph of pasture establishment. Automatic Bermuda grass sprigger putting out Bermuda grass roots on an old upland cultivated field. Fertilizer, 10-20-10, is being applied as the sprigs are being planted, at the rate of 150 pounds per acre. The soil in this field, soil unit 20, is not suitable for cultivation so it is being put into permanent pasture. The practice of converting depleated cropland into permanent pastures is recommended by the Soil Conservation Service. OK-266-11.

Photograph of a fence line contrast, R. W. Little farm. The southeast side of filed no. 1, looking north. Native grasses are in good condition. On the left, field is properly grazed. On the right, native grasses are in poor condition. OK-380-1.

Photograph of land clearing. Native black jack trees showing the results of an aerial application of 2-4-5T herbicide. Spraying was done in 1951 and 1953 at a rate of two and one pounds, respectively, of acid per gallon [of oil or water?]. Demonstration under supervision of the US Department of Agriculture [USDA], Agricultural Research Service [ARS]. Note the return of native bluestem grass when the growth of the black jacks has been removed. This brush was sprayed twice, one year between sprayings. OK-266-12.

Photograph of a gullied natural draw to be sloped, shaped and sodded for a terrace outlet channel. The camera station: looking up from draw from a point of a junction of the lateral drain; 136 paces up the channel from the dam of the farm pond. OK-9163.

Photograph of bindweed. The control of bindweed with a 2-4-D herbicide (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) showing nearly a perfect kill. Only a few sprigs of bindweed are showing. Sprayed with 2-4-D at the rate of ½ pound per acre once in 1954 and once in 1955. Dorsay Sparkman is in this picture. OK-341-1.

Photograph of raking three windrows at one time behind combine preceeding baleing. This operation follows immediately after combining. The type of baler used requires a large windrow for efficient operation. This land is also used for pasture. The cattle were taken off on May 10 to allow time for the clover seed to mature. 40 pounds of cleaned seed per acre were harvested from this land.

Photograph of a wind rower attachment to mower to windrow mixture of yellow hop clover, bermuda grass and Kobe lespedeza so seed in yellow hop clover can be combined with pick-up attachment on combine. Windrower turns swath gently with minimum loss of seed. Note how bottom end of stems are turned out holding leaves unside for ideal curing of hay. Windrower and pick-up attachment on combine permit drying efficently and harvesting for seed. Ater combining of seed, grass and clover will be baled for winter feed. Cattle were removed from this pasture on May 10.

Photograph of setting coastal bermuda grass roots with a John Deere transplanter. This planter is a combination tool with lister and disc tillers developed by the local Soil Conservation Service technicians. Henry, Andy, and Phillip Roye, sons of owner, operating machine. Five to six acres per day can be planted with this machine. Five

Photograph of grassland Utilization. Baling Bermuda grass and Kobe lespedeza for the hay following combining of big yellow hop clover seed. The hay yield was 35 bales per acre and the seed yield was 40 pounds per acre. This field is also used as pasture. The cattle were taken off the field on May 10, 1956 to allow time for grass and lespedeza growth for hay and for the seed to mature for combining. Cattle were placed on this immediately after this harvest. OK-334-5.

Photograph of a close up view of a plastic pipe with sleeve turnouts irrigating a field. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Irrigation. Irrigating by using plastic pipe with sleeve turnouts. Note sacks at outlet to prevent erosion. Flow of water through outlets is controlled by use of clothes pins. The SCS recommends this method of water distribution by either surface or underground pipes."

Photograph of an UNIDENTIFED man standing next to a 36" I. D. Concrete pipe near Washita River Watershed Site 22, Wildhorse Creek Subwatershed, near Marlow. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Site 22, Wildhorse Creek, SCS 36" I. D. Concrete pipe in place."

Photograph of an UNIDENTIFED man standing in a spoils banks remaining after strip mining of coal. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Spoils banks remaining after strip mining of coal. These banks were sodded to Bermuda grass (costal) in 1955. Land is useless until vegetated. It will offer some grazing when the grass is established. No fertilizer had been used to get this growth. Area in background is unvegetated. With stored water in pits formed when excavating coal, water for irrigation may make for more intensive production than before coal was removed."

Photograph of a former coal strip mining spoil banks leveled with a dozer. The area will be sodded to coastal Bermudagrass and used for future grazing, but the process will take some time as well as the risk of soil compaction hampering growth. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Leveled spoil banks after strip mining of coal. This area was leveled with a dozer and will be sodded to coastal Bermuda grass. Vegetation will be slow in this area as the soil is not fertile and lacks top soil and organic matter. Area will be useful for grazing after a few years of vegetation. It has been observed locally that leveling may cause excessive compaction of soil-sloping areas remain more friable."

Photograph of setting coastal bermuda grass roots with a John Deere transplanter. This planter is a combination tool with lister and disc tillers developed by the local Soil Conservation Service technicians. Five to six acres per day can be planted with this machine. Five of these machines, privately owned, are in operation in the Haskell SCD.

Photograph of a Bermuda grass root harvest. Arbuckle Soil Conservation District [SCD] sprigging Bermuda grass on Jim Bivins’ farm, with two-plow sprigger. Note the rack built on top to hold extra sprigs. Approximately 4 acres can be sprigged without stopping to reload. Note trailer being pulled behind sprigger to carry extra fertilizer—800 pounds. The trailer was so designed by the District that one wheel of the trailer runs over the last row of sprigs planted, thus giving more compaction and firming of the soil over the sprigs to retain moisture. An extension was added on the fertilizer attachment of the sprigger for carrying an additional 350 pounds of fertilizer. A spare tire is also carried on the trailer. District-owned chisel, rototiller, side delivery rake. This equipment is for harvesting Bermuda grass roots for establishing sod on other farms. Land is left smooth and will be re-harvested in 2 years. The District charges $5.00 for the use of the automatic sprigging machine and enough Bermuda roots to sod 1 acre. Average yield per acre will sod 12 acres. This machine will harvest 3 tons of roots daily, enough to spring 30 acres. The Soil Conservation Service recommends permanent pasture on land …

Photograph of pasture cultivation. Pasture recently established on land cleared from dense oak brush. The original brush in the background. Area in the center of photo shows the problem of removing stumps and dirt after burning. This area will need to be reworked before the pasture will have full coverage of grass and can be moved. Midland Bermuda grass was sprigged on this area to establish pasture. This land clearing and pasture establishing is recommended by the Soil Conservation Service [SCS]. OK-266-9.

Photograph of pasture establishing. Pasture recently established on land cleared from dense oak brush. Original brush in the background. This land was sprigged with midland Bermuda grass roots raised on the Roy Whitehead farm. Sprigging was done with an automatic Bermuda grass sprigger and fertilized at the time of sprigging with 200 pounds of 10-20-10 fertilizer per acre. This land clearing and pasture establishing is recommended by the Soil Conservation Service.

Photograph of a Bermuda grass waterway. The waterway was sodded in May 1955. The Soil Conservation Service [SCS] program started in 1946 on this farm. OK-349-4.

Photograph of land clearing. Native black jack trees showing the results of aerial application of 2-4-5-T herbicide. This brush was sprayed twice, with a year between sprayings. Spraying was done at a rate of two pounds per acre in 1951 and one pound per acre in 1953. Demonstrations were under the supervision of the US Department of Agriculture [USDA] and its in-house research agency, the Agricultural research Service [ARS]. Note the return of native bluestem grass when the growth of the blackjacks has been removed. OK-266-12.

Photograph of Site 22, Wildhorse Creek two sack concrete mixing plant used for mixing concrete on job.

Photograph of reinforcing steel and forms for base of SCS inlet structure on site 22, Wildhorse Creek.

Photograph of an UNIDENTIFED man standing next to a 36" I. D. Concrete pipe near Washita River Watershed Site 22, Wildhorse Creek Subwatershed, near Marlow. The back of the photograph proclaims, "Site 22, Wildhorse Creek, SCS 36" I. D. Concrete pipe in place."

Photograph of a stream channel clogging. Drift wood clogging the stream channel on the Little Deep Fort Creek. This clogging causes the water to spread out over the land during periods of heavy rain fall. Much damage is done to both land and crops as the result of this flooding. The Soil Conservation Service estimates that damage is done to 16,500 acres of bottomland along the creek. OK-273-5.